{ "contract": "GMI_DATALAB_PUBLIC_EXPORT_V1", "report_id": "RH-19617AE28D1444BB", "region_id": "US-OH", "language": "es", "title": "Ohio: población, economía, empleo y tendencias clave | Data Lab", "url": "https://greenblog.co.kr/es/data-report/ohio-poblacion-economia-empleo-y-tendencias-clave-data-lab-4/", "region": { "region_key": "us_oh", "region_id": "US-OH", "region_name": "Ohio", "geo_level": "state" }, "region_profile": [ { "label": "Nivel geográfico", "value": "Estado" }, { "label": "Geografía superior", "value": "Estados Unidos" }, { "label": "Capital", "value": "Columbus" }, { "label": "Ciudad más grande", "value": "Columbus" }, { "label": "Población más reciente", "value": "11.81M" }, { "label": "Indicadores seguidos", "value": "6" }, { "label": "Periodo de observación", "value": "1788–2025" } ], "coverage": { "period_start": "1788", "period_end": "2025" }, "template_id": "population_change", "metrics": [ { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "label": "Producción de energía primaria", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "observations": [ { "period": "1985", "value": 1258405 }, { "period": "1986", "value": 1240700 }, { "period": "1987", "value": 1283917 }, { "period": "1988", "value": 1256035 }, { "period": "1989", "value": 1253491 }, { "period": "1990", "value": 1231532 }, { "period": "1991", "value": 1162874 }, { "period": "1992", "value": 1153596 }, { "period": "1993", "value": 1034502 }, { "period": "1994", "value": 1092906 }, { "period": "1995", "value": 1046990 }, { "period": "1996", "value": 1069571 }, { "period": "1997", "value": 1092534 }, { "period": "1998", "value": 1054445 }, { "period": "1999", "value": 922646 }, { "period": "2000", "value": 926423 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 947528 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 796045 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 802228 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 909534 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 931886 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 906549 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 901650 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 1047362 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 1043658 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 1041197 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 1078635 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 1069525 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 1147093 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 1547291 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 2079830 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 2412773 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 2696660 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 3354530 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 3588947 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 3189531 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 3023674 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 3025259 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 3012720 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 3011962 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1258405, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 3011962, "change": 1753557, "change_pct": 139.34758682618076 } }, { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "label": "Consumo total de energía", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "observations": [ { "period": "1985", "value": 3512900 }, { "period": "1986", "value": 3480380 }, { "period": "1987", "value": 3611227 }, { "period": "1988", "value": 3760180 }, { "period": "1989", "value": 3846114 }, { "period": "1990", "value": 3807991 }, { "period": "1991", "value": 3806874 }, { "period": "1992", "value": 3853846 }, { "period": "1993", "value": 3904883 }, { "period": "1994", "value": 4011173 }, { "period": "1995", "value": 4091597 }, { "period": "1996", "value": 4164743 }, { "period": "1997", "value": 4145594 }, { "period": "1998", "value": 4065311 }, { "period": "1999", "value": 4218414 }, { "period": "2000", "value": 4259607 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 3999662 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 3939151 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 4007179 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 4039591 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 4069541 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 3911618 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 4037709 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 3987333 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 3651766 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 3774549 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 3729133 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 3580325 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 3657338 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 3761753 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 3659377 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 3611003 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 3556786 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 3697556 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 3570278 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 3346090 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 3492261 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 3516554 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 3390080 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 3431919 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 3512900, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 3431919, "change": -80981, "change_pct": -2.3052463776367107 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "label": "Población", "topic": "population", "unit": "persons", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 11525536 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 11533561 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 11549590 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 11560380 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 11575977 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 11586941 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 11609756 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 11641879 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 11655397 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 11675275 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 11769923 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 11774683 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 11780046 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 11810293 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 11525536, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 11810293, "change": 284757, "change_pct": 2.4706616681428093 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "topic": "income", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 48071 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 48246 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 48308 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 48849 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 49429 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 50674 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 52407 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 54533 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 56602 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 58116 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 61938 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 66990 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 69680 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 71389 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 48071, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 71389, "change": 23318, "change_pct": 48.5074161136652 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "label": "Vivienda", "topic": "housing", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 135600 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 133700 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 130800 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 129600 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 129900 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 131900 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 135100 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 140000 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 145700 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 151400 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 159900 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 183300 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 199200 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 214800 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 135600, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 214800, "change": 79200, "change_pct": 58.4070796460177 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "label": "Tasa de desempleo", "topic": "employment", "unit": "percent", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 9.295993915834922 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 9.698128875742649 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 9.96613463504167 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 9.18854521536287 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 8.166618867733392 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 7.247602956986996 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 6.455436971560011 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 5.824590615443331 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 5.321267081640771 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 5.303441899639694 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 5.26566568450924 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 5.013970845036947 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 4.845838827164341 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 4.760475740640314 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 9.295993915834922, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 4.760475740640314, "change": -4.535518175194608, "change_pct": -48.79002951442067 } } ], "timeline": [ { "year": "1788", "period": "1788", "label": "1788", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "settlement", "source_name": "Ohio History Connection", "source_url": "https://resources.ohiohistory.org/ohj/browse/displaypages.php?display%5B%5D=0033&display%5B%5D=359&display%5B%5D=426", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Marietta에 Northwest Territory 최초의 영구 정착지 형성", "event_text_ko": "1788년 Ohio Company 정착민들이 Ohio와 Muskingum 강이 만나는 Marietta에 도착해 Northwest Territory의 초기 영구 정착지를 세웠다.", "event_summary_ko": "1803년 주 승격보다 앞선 Ohio 정착·행정사의 출발점을 보여 주는 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "Marietta는 Northwest Territory의 초기 정착과 영토 행정이 실제 지역 공간에 자리 잡는 과정을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Ohio와 Muskingum 강의 합류점은 서부 정착과 수운, 초기 행정에 중요한 위치였다.", "event_background_ko": "미국 독립전쟁 이후 Northwest Territory의 토지 정착과 정부 조직이 진행되는 과정에서 Ohio Company가 Marietta 정착을 추진했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이 정착은 이후 영토 행정과 Ohio의 도시 형성 과정에 역사적 기반을 제공했지만 현대 경제지표의 직접 원인으로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 에너지·인구·소득·주택·고용 지표보다 수세기 앞선 사건이므로 최근 통계와는 역사적 배경 수준에서만 연결한다.", "event_title_en": "Permanent settlement established at Marietta", "event_text_en": "Ohio Company settlers arrived at Marietta in 1788 and established an early permanent settlement of the Northwest Territory at the confluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers.", "event_summary_en": "The settlement provides an early starting point for Ohio’s settlement and territorial history before statehood in 1803.", "event_significance_en": "Marietta illustrates how settlement and territorial government began to take physical form in the Northwest Territory.", "event_regional_context_en": "The confluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers gave the settlement an important position for western movement, river transport, and early administration.", "event_background_en": "After the American Revolution, the Ohio Company helped organize settlement at Marietta as land settlement and territorial government developed in the Northwest Territory.", "event_outcome_en": "The settlement became part of the historical foundation for territorial government and later Ohio communities, but it is not treated as a direct cause of modern economic measures.", "event_data_context_en": "The event predates modern energy, population, income, housing, and employment measures by centuries and is linked to them only as historical context.", "event_title_es": "Se establece un asentamiento permanente en Marietta", "event_text_es": "Colonos de la Ohio Company llegaron a Marietta en 1788 y establecieron un asentamiento permanente temprano del Northwest Territory en la confluencia de los ríos Ohio y Muskingum.", "event_summary_es": "El asentamiento ofrece un punto de partida temprano para la historia territorial y de poblamiento de Ohio antes de la condición de estado en 1803.", "event_significance_es": "Marietta muestra cómo el asentamiento y el gobierno territorial comenzaron a tomar forma física en el Northwest Territory.", "event_regional_context_es": "La confluencia de los ríos Ohio y Muskingum dio al asentamiento una posición importante para el movimiento hacia el oeste, el transporte fluvial y la administración temprana.", "event_background_es": "Después de la Revolución estadounidense, la Ohio Company ayudó a organizar el asentamiento de Marietta mientras avanzaban la ocupación de tierras y el gobierno territorial.", "event_outcome_es": "El asentamiento formó parte de la base histórica del gobierno territorial y de comunidades posteriores de Ohio, pero no se trata como causa directa de las medidas económicas modernas.", "event_data_context_es": "El hecho antecede por siglos a las medidas modernas de energía, población, ingreso, vivienda y empleo y se vincula con ellas solo como contexto histórico.", "event_related_places": [ "Marietta" ], "event_title": "Se establece un asentamiento permanente en Marietta", "event_text": "Colonos de la Ohio Company llegaron a Marietta en 1788 y establecieron un asentamiento permanente temprano del Northwest Territory en la confluencia de los ríos Ohio y Muskingum." } ] }, { "year": "1803", "period": "1803", "label": "1803", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "government", "source_name": "Ohio House of Representatives", "source_url": "https://www.house.ohio.gov/about/history", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "오하이오 주 승격", "event_text_ko": "오하이오는 1803년 연방의 주가 되며 별도의 주 정부와 제도적 틀을 갖추기 시작했다.", "event_summary_ko": "주 승격은 이후 도시·교통·교육기관의 성장을 설명하는 장기 역사 출발점이다.", "event_significance_ko": "현대 오하이오의 행정 중심과 지역 네트워크는 이 제도적 기반 위에서 형성됐다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "북서부 영토의 정착과 행정 조직이 확대되는 과정에서 주 승격이 이루어졌다.", "event_background_ko": "오하이오는 독립된 주 정부 체계를 구축하고 이후 수도와 공공기관의 발전을 이어갔다.", "event_outcome_ko": "현대 ACS 지표보다 훨씬 이전의 사건이므로 현재 인구·소득 변동의 직접 원인으로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 ACS 지표보다 훨씬 이전의 사건이므로 현재 인구·소득 변동의 직접 원인으로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Ohio becomes a state", "event_text_en": "Ohio entered the Union in 1803, establishing a state-level political and institutional framework.", "event_summary_en": "Statehood provides the long historical starting point for later urban, transport, and institutional development.", "event_significance_en": "Modern administrative centers and regional networks developed on this institutional base.", "event_regional_context_en": "Statehood followed the expansion of settlement and governance in the former Northwest Territory.", "event_background_en": "Ohio developed its own state government and later expanded its capital and public institutions.", "event_outcome_en": "This event predates the modern ACS measures by many generations and should not be treated as a direct cause of current indicator changes.", "event_data_context_en": "This event predates the modern ACS measures by many generations and should not be treated as a direct cause of current indicator changes.", "event_title_es": "Ohio se convierte en estado", "event_text_es": "Ohio ingresó en la Unión en 1803 y estableció un marco político e institucional estatal.", "event_summary_es": "La condición de estado ofrece el punto de partida histórico para el posterior desarrollo urbano, del transporte e institucional.", "event_significance_es": "Los centros administrativos y redes regionales modernos se desarrollaron sobre esta base institucional.", "event_regional_context_es": "La condición de estado siguió a la expansión del asentamiento y del gobierno en el antiguo Territorio del Noroeste.", "event_background_es": "Ohio desarrolló su propio gobierno estatal y posteriormente amplió su capital e instituciones públicas.", "event_outcome_es": "Este hecho precede por muchas generaciones a las medidas ACS modernas y no debe tratarse como causa directa de los cambios actuales.", "event_data_context_es": "Este hecho precede por muchas generaciones a las medidas ACS modernas y no debe tratarse como causa directa de los cambios actuales.", "event_related_places": [ "Columbus" ], "event_title": "Ohio se convierte en estado", "event_text": "Ohio ingresó en la Unión en 1803 y estableció un marco político e institucional estatal." } ] }, { "year": "1825", "period": "1825", "label": "1825", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "infrastructure", "source_name": "U.S. National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/history-of-the-ohio-erie-canal.htm", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "오하이오-이리 운하 건설 시작", "event_text_ko": "1825년 오하이오-이리 운하 건설이 시작되며 이리호와 오하이오강 수계 사이의 물류 연결이 강화됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "운하는 내륙 정착지와 시장을 연결하며 초기 오하이오의 상업 지리를 바꿨다.", "event_significance_ko": "이 사건은 클리블랜드와 내륙 도시권이 수운망을 통해 성장한 배경을 이해하는 데 중요하다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "철도와 고속도로가 지배하기 전 대량 화물과 사람의 이동에서 운하가 중요한 역할을 했다.", "event_background_ko": "이후 철도와 도로가 주도권을 가져갔지만 운하 회랑은 지역 정착과 산업의 흔적을 남겼다.", "event_outcome_ko": "현대 주택·소득 지표와 시간적으로 직접 연결하지 않고 장기 공간구조의 역사 배경으로 사용한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 주택·소득 지표와 시간적으로 직접 연결하지 않고 장기 공간구조의 역사 배경으로 사용한다.", "event_title_en": "Ohio & Erie Canal construction begins", "event_text_en": "Construction of the Ohio & Erie Canal began in 1825, strengthening a transport connection between Lake Erie and the Ohio River system.", "event_summary_en": "The canal connected inland settlements with markets and reshaped Ohio’s early commercial geography.", "event_significance_en": "It helps explain the historical transport setting in which Cleveland and interior communities expanded.", "event_regional_context_en": "Before railroads and highways dominated, canals were important for moving bulk goods and people.", "event_background_en": "Rail and road networks later became dominant, but the canal corridor left a lasting imprint on settlement and industry.", "event_outcome_en": "It is used as historical background for long-run spatial structure rather than as a direct explanation of modern housing or income measures.", "event_data_context_en": "It is used as historical background for long-run spatial structure rather than as a direct explanation of modern housing or income measures.", "event_title_es": "Comienza la construcción del canal Ohio & Erie", "event_text_es": "La construcción del canal Ohio & Erie comenzó en 1825, reforzando la conexión de transporte entre el lago Erie y el sistema del río Ohio.", "event_summary_es": "El canal conectó asentamientos interiores con mercados y transformó la geografía comercial temprana de Ohio.", "event_significance_es": "Ayuda a explicar el contexto de transporte histórico en el que crecieron Cleveland y las comunidades interiores.", "event_regional_context_es": "Antes del predominio del ferrocarril y las autopistas, los canales fueron importantes para mover mercancías y personas.", "event_background_es": "El ferrocarril y las carreteras dominaron después, pero el corredor del canal dejó una huella duradera en el asentamiento y la industria.", "event_outcome_es": "Se utiliza como antecedente de la estructura espacial de largo plazo, no como explicación directa de las medidas modernas de vivienda o ingreso.", "event_data_context_es": "Se utiliza como antecedente de la estructura espacial de largo plazo, no como explicación directa de las medidas modernas de vivienda o ingreso.", "event_related_places": [ "Cleveland", "Cuyahoga Valley National Park" ], "event_title": "Comienza la construcción del canal Ohio & Erie", "event_text": "La construcción del canal Ohio & Erie comenzó en 1825, reforzando la conexión de transporte entre el lago Erie y el sistema del río Ohio." } ] }, { "year": "1905", "period": "1905", "label": "1905", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "innovation", "source_name": "U.S. National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/daav/learn/historyculture/huffman-prairie-flying-field.htm", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "허프먼 프레리에서 실용 비행기 발전", "event_text_ko": "라이트 형제는 데이턴 인근 허프먼 프레리에서 반복 비행과 제어 기술을 발전시키며 실용적 항공기의 기반을 다졌다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 과정은 데이턴을 미국 항공 혁신사의 핵심 장소로 만들었다.", "event_significance_ko": "오하이오 남서부의 기술·항공 정체성을 설명하는 중요한 역사 축이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "라이트 형제는 초기 동력비행 이후 더 신뢰할 수 있는 조종·비행 체계를 만들기 위해 현장 실험을 이어갔다.", "event_background_ko": "데이턴 지역에는 항공 연구·군사·박물관 기능이 누적되며 항공 유산이 지역 정체성으로 이어졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "현재 고용 지표와 직접적인 인과관계를 두지 않고 지역 산업·기술사의 장기 맥락으로 제시한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현재 고용 지표와 직접적인 인과관계를 두지 않고 지역 산업·기술사의 장기 맥락으로 제시한다.", "event_title_en": "Practical flight developed at Huffman Prairie", "event_text_en": "At Huffman Prairie near Dayton, the Wright brothers developed repeatable flight and control techniques that advanced the practical airplane.", "event_summary_en": "This work made Dayton a central place in the history of American aviation innovation.", "event_significance_en": "It is a major historical thread in southwestern Ohio’s technical and aviation identity.", "event_regional_context_en": "After their earliest powered flights, the Wright brothers continued field testing to create a more reliable system of control and flight.", "event_background_en": "Aviation research, military activity, and museum institutions later reinforced the region’s aerospace identity.", "event_outcome_en": "It provides long-run industrial and technical context rather than a direct causal explanation for current employment measures.", "event_data_context_en": "It provides long-run industrial and technical context rather than a direct causal explanation for current employment measures.", "event_title_es": "Desarrollo del vuelo práctico en Huffman Prairie", "event_text_es": "En Huffman Prairie, cerca de Dayton, los hermanos Wright desarrollaron técnicas de vuelo repetible y control que impulsaron el avión práctico.", "event_summary_es": "Este trabajo convirtió a Dayton en un lugar central de la historia de la innovación aeronáutica estadounidense.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hilo histórico importante en la identidad técnica y aeronáutica del suroeste de Ohio.", "event_regional_context_es": "Tras sus primeros vuelos motorizados, los hermanos Wright siguieron probando en campo para lograr un sistema de control y vuelo más fiable.", "event_background_es": "La investigación aeronáutica, la actividad militar y los museos reforzaron después la identidad aeroespacial regional.", "event_outcome_es": "Aporta contexto industrial y técnico de largo plazo, no una explicación causal directa de las medidas actuales de empleo.", "event_data_context_es": "Aporta contexto industrial y técnico de largo plazo, no una explicación causal directa de las medidas actuales de empleo.", "event_related_places": [ "National Museum of the United States Air Force" ], "event_title": "Desarrollo del vuelo práctico en Huffman Prairie", "event_text": "En Huffman Prairie, cerca de Dayton, los hermanos Wright desarrollaron técnicas de vuelo repetible y control que impulsaron el avión práctico." } ] }, { "year": "1913", "period": "1913", "label": "1913", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "disaster", "source_name": "National Weather Service", "source_url": "https://www.weather.gov/safety/flood-states-oh", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "1913년 대홍수", "event_text_ko": "1913년 대홍수는 오하이오 여러 도시와 하천 유역에 큰 피해를 주며 홍수 관리의 중요성을 드러냈다.", "event_summary_ko": "재난 이후 치수와 도시 인프라에 대한 관심이 커졌다.", "event_significance_ko": "하천과 저지대에 성장한 오하이오 도시들의 환경 위험을 보여주는 사건이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "산업화와 도시화로 하천 주변 인구와 시설이 집중된 상황에서 극심한 홍수가 발생했다.", "event_background_ko": "이후 여러 지역에서 홍수 관리와 수자원 인프라 개선이 중요한 공공 과제가 됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "현대 경제 수치의 직접 설명이 아니라 인프라 회복력과 도시 입지 위험의 역사 사례로 읽는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 경제 수치의 직접 설명이 아니라 인프라 회복력과 도시 입지 위험의 역사 사례로 읽는다.", "event_title_en": "Great Flood of 1913", "event_text_en": "The Great Flood of 1913 caused severe damage across Ohio communities and river basins, highlighting the importance of flood management.", "event_summary_en": "The disaster increased attention to flood control and urban infrastructure.", "event_significance_en": "It illustrates the environmental risks faced by Ohio cities that grew along rivers and lowlands.", "event_regional_context_en": "The flood struck after industrialization and urbanization had concentrated people and infrastructure near waterways.", "event_background_en": "Flood control and water-management infrastructure became important public priorities in affected areas.", "event_outcome_en": "It is best read as historical context for infrastructure resilience and urban location risk, not as a direct explanation of modern economic values.", "event_data_context_en": "It is best read as historical context for infrastructure resilience and urban location risk, not as a direct explanation of modern economic values.", "event_title_es": "Gran inundación de 1913", "event_text_es": "La gran inundación de 1913 causó graves daños en comunidades y cuencas de Ohio y destacó la importancia de la gestión de inundaciones.", "event_summary_es": "El desastre aumentó la atención al control de inundaciones y a la infraestructura urbana.", "event_significance_es": "Ilustra los riesgos ambientales de ciudades de Ohio que crecieron junto a ríos y tierras bajas.", "event_regional_context_es": "La inundación ocurrió tras la concentración de población e infraestructura cerca de los cursos de agua debido a la industrialización y urbanización.", "event_background_es": "El control de inundaciones y la infraestructura de gestión del agua se convirtieron en prioridades públicas en las zonas afectadas.", "event_outcome_es": "Debe leerse como contexto histórico de resiliencia de infraestructura y riesgo urbano, no como explicación directa de valores económicos modernos.", "event_data_context_es": "Debe leerse como contexto histórico de resiliencia de infraestructura y riesgo urbano, no como explicación directa de valores económicos modernos.", "event_related_places": [ "Dayton", "Cincinnati" ], "event_title": "Gran inundación de 1913", "event_text": "La gran inundación de 1913 causó graves daños en comunidades y cuencas de Ohio y destacó la importancia de la gestión de inundaciones." } ] }, { "year": "1955", "period": "1955", "label": "1955", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "infrastructure", "source_name": "Ohio Turnpike and Infrastructure Commission", "source_url": "https://app.ohioturnpike.org/about-us/history", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "오하이오 턴파이크 개통", "event_text_ko": "오하이오 턴파이크가 개통되며 북부 오하이오의 동서 자동차 교통축이 강화됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "고속도로 시대의 물류·통근·도시간 연결을 상징하는 기반시설이다.", "event_significance_ko": "클리블랜드와 톨레도 등 북부 도시권을 더 넓은 중서부·동부 도로망에 연결했다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "전후 자동차 보급과 주간 이동 증가에 맞춰 유료 고속도로 체계가 구축됐다.", "event_background_ko": "턴파이크는 오늘날까지 북부 오하이오의 장거리 교통과 물류 회랑으로 기능한다.", "event_outcome_ko": "최근 인구나 주택값의 변화를 단일 도로의 효과로 환원하지 않고 광역 접근성의 역사적 배경으로 제시한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "최근 인구나 주택값의 변화를 단일 도로의 효과로 환원하지 않고 광역 접근성의 역사적 배경으로 제시한다.", "event_title_en": "Ohio Turnpike opens", "event_text_en": "The Ohio Turnpike opened, strengthening an east-west highway corridor across northern Ohio.", "event_summary_en": "The road became a defining piece of highway-era freight, commuting, and intercity connectivity.", "event_significance_en": "It linked northern Ohio urban areas such as Cleveland and Toledo with wider Midwestern and eastern highway networks.", "event_regional_context_en": "The toll-road system emerged during the postwar expansion of automobile travel and interstate movement.", "event_background_en": "The turnpike remains an important long-distance transport and freight corridor in northern Ohio.", "event_outcome_en": "Recent population or housing changes should not be reduced to the effect of a single highway; the turnpike is presented as long-run accessibility context.", "event_data_context_en": "Recent population or housing changes should not be reduced to the effect of a single highway; the turnpike is presented as long-run accessibility context.", "event_title_es": "Apertura de la Ohio Turnpike", "event_text_es": "La Ohio Turnpike abrió y reforzó un corredor vial este-oeste a través del norte de Ohio.", "event_summary_es": "La carretera se convirtió en una infraestructura clave para carga, desplazamientos y conexión interurbana en la era de las autopistas.", "event_significance_es": "Conectó áreas urbanas del norte de Ohio, como Cleveland y Toledo, con redes viales más amplias del Medio Oeste y el este.", "event_regional_context_es": "El sistema de peaje surgió con la expansión de los viajes en automóvil y el movimiento interestatal de posguerra.", "event_background_es": "La autopista sigue siendo un corredor importante de transporte de larga distancia y carga en el norte de Ohio.", "event_outcome_es": "Los cambios recientes de población o vivienda no deben reducirse al efecto de una sola autopista; se presenta como contexto de accesibilidad de largo plazo.", "event_data_context_es": "Los cambios recientes de población o vivienda no deben reducirse al efecto de una sola autopista; se presenta como contexto de accesibilidad de largo plazo.", "event_related_places": [ "Cleveland", "Port of Cleveland" ], "event_title": "Apertura de la Ohio Turnpike", "event_text": "La Ohio Turnpike abrió y reforzó un corredor vial este-oeste a través del norte de Ohio." } ] }, { "year": "1969", "period": "1969", "label": "1969", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "environment", "source_name": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "source_url": "https://www.epa.gov/emergency-response/emergency-response-timeline-printable-version", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "쿠야호가강 화재", "event_text_ko": "1969년 쿠야호가강 화재는 산업 오염이 누적된 수계의 상징적 사건이 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 사건은 클리블랜드 산업사의 환경 비용과 이후 수질 개선 노력을 함께 보여준다.", "event_significance_ko": "쿠야호가강은 산업 회랑과 자연 복원이 동시에 보이는 북동부 오하이오의 대표 사례다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "오랜 산업 활동과 폐수가 하천 수질을 악화시킨 상황에서 화재가 발생했다.", "event_background_ko": "이후 수질 규제와 복원에 대한 공공 관심이 커졌고 하천은 환경 회복의 상징으로도 자리 잡았다.", "event_outcome_ko": "최근 경제 지표와 직접 연결하기보다 산업 유산과 환경정책의 교차점을 설명하는 사건으로 사용한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "최근 경제 지표와 직접 연결하기보다 산업 유산과 환경정책의 교차점을 설명하는 사건으로 사용한다.", "event_title_en": "Cuyahoga River fire", "event_text_en": "The 1969 Cuyahoga River fire became a powerful symbol of accumulated industrial water pollution.", "event_summary_en": "The event links Cleveland’s industrial history with its environmental costs and later water-quality improvement efforts.", "event_significance_en": "The Cuyahoga is a defining northeastern Ohio example of an industrial corridor that also became a landscape of restoration.", "event_regional_context_en": "The fire occurred after a long period in which industrial activity and waste had degraded river conditions.", "event_background_en": "Public attention to water regulation and restoration grew, and the river later became associated with environmental recovery as well.", "event_outcome_en": "It is used to explain the intersection of industrial heritage and environmental policy rather than to infer direct effects on recent economic indicators.", "event_data_context_en": "It is used to explain the intersection of industrial heritage and environmental policy rather than to infer direct effects on recent economic indicators.", "event_title_es": "Incendio del río Cuyahoga", "event_text_es": "El incendio del río Cuyahoga de 1969 se convirtió en un símbolo poderoso de la contaminación industrial acumulada del agua.", "event_summary_es": "El hecho conecta la historia industrial de Cleveland con sus costos ambientales y los esfuerzos posteriores por mejorar la calidad del agua.", "event_significance_es": "El Cuyahoga es un ejemplo del noreste de Ohio donde un corredor industrial también se convirtió en paisaje de restauración.", "event_regional_context_es": "El incendio ocurrió tras un largo periodo en el que la actividad industrial y los residuos degradaron el río.", "event_background_es": "Aumentó la atención pública a la regulación y restauración del agua, y el río también pasó a asociarse con la recuperación ambiental.", "event_outcome_es": "Se utiliza para explicar la intersección entre herencia industrial y política ambiental, no para inferir efectos directos sobre indicadores económicos recientes.", "event_data_context_es": "Se utiliza para explicar la intersección entre herencia industrial y política ambiental, no para inferir efectos directos sobre indicadores económicos recientes.", "event_related_places": [ "Cleveland", "Cuyahoga Valley National Park" ], "event_title": "Incendio del río Cuyahoga", "event_text": "El incendio del río Cuyahoga de 1969 se convirtió en un símbolo poderoso de la contaminación industrial acumulada del agua." } ] }, { "year": "1970", "period": "1970", "label": "1970", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "social_history", "source_name": "Kent State University", "source_url": "https://www.kent.edu/may-4-1970", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "켄트주립대 5월 4일 총격", "event_text_ko": "베트남전 반대 시위 중 켄트주립대에서 주방위군의 총격으로 학생들이 희생된 사건은 미국 현대사의 중요한 기억이 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 사건은 대학도시와 전국적 정치·사회 갈등이 직접 맞닿은 사례다.", "event_significance_ko": "북동부 오하이오의 지역사에는 산업과 환경뿐 아니라 교육·시민사회·전쟁 반대 운동의 역사도 포함된다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "전국적으로 베트남전과 캄보디아 작전 확대에 대한 긴장이 높아진 가운데 대학 시위가 이어졌다.", "event_background_ko": "희생자 추모와 기록 보존이 이어지며 켄트는 시민적 기억의 장소가 됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "경제 지표 해석과 분리해 사회·교육사의 독립적인 지역 사건으로 제시한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "경제 지표 해석과 분리해 사회·교육사의 독립적인 지역 사건으로 제시한다.", "event_title_en": "Kent State May 4 shootings", "event_text_en": "The shootings by National Guard troops during an antiwar protest at Kent State became a major episode in modern U.S. history and public memory.", "event_summary_en": "The event shows how a university community became directly connected to national political and social conflict.", "event_significance_en": "Northeastern Ohio’s history includes education, civil society, and antiwar activism alongside industry and environmental change.", "event_regional_context_en": "Campus protests unfolded amid heightened national conflict over the Vietnam War and the expansion of operations into Cambodia.", "event_background_en": "Commemoration and preservation have made Kent an enduring site of civic memory.", "event_outcome_en": "It is presented as an independent episode of social and educational history, separate from interpretation of the economic indicators.", "event_data_context_en": "It is presented as an independent episode of social and educational history, separate from interpretation of the economic indicators.", "event_title_es": "Tiroteo del 4 de mayo en Kent State", "event_text_es": "Los disparos de tropas de la Guardia Nacional durante una protesta contra la guerra en Kent State se convirtieron en un episodio importante de la historia contemporánea de Estados Unidos.", "event_summary_es": "El hecho muestra cómo una comunidad universitaria quedó directamente conectada con un conflicto político y social nacional.", "event_significance_es": "La historia del noreste de Ohio incluye educación, sociedad civil y activismo contra la guerra además de industria y cambio ambiental.", "event_regional_context_es": "Las protestas universitarias ocurrieron en medio de una mayor tensión nacional por la guerra de Vietnam y la expansión de operaciones en Camboya.", "event_background_es": "La conmemoración y preservación han convertido a Kent en un lugar duradero de memoria cívica.", "event_outcome_es": "Se presenta como un episodio independiente de historia social y educativa, separado de la interpretación de indicadores económicos.", "event_data_context_es": "Se presenta como un episodio independiente de historia social y educativa, separado de la interpretación de indicadores económicos.", "event_related_places": [ "Kent State University" ], "event_title": "Tiroteo del 4 de mayo en Kent State", "event_text": "Los disparos de tropas de la Guardia Nacional durante una protesta contra la guerra en Kent State se convirtieron en un episodio importante de la historia contemporánea de Estados Unidos." } ] }, { "period": "1986", "year": "1986", "month": "", "label": "1986", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1240700, "previous_value": 1258405, "delta": -17705, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3480380, "previous_value": 3512900, "delta": -32520, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1987", "year": "1987", "month": "", "label": "1987", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1283917, "previous_value": 1240700, "delta": 43217, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3611227, "previous_value": 3480380, "delta": 130847, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1988", "year": "1988", "month": "", "label": "1988", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1256035, "previous_value": 1283917, "delta": -27882, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3760180, "previous_value": 3611227, "delta": 148953, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1989", "year": "1989", "month": "", "label": "1989", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1253491, "previous_value": 1256035, "delta": -2544, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3846114, "previous_value": 3760180, "delta": 85934, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1990", "year": "1990", "month": "", "label": "1990", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1231532, "previous_value": 1253491, "delta": -21959, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3807991, "previous_value": 3846114, "delta": -38123, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1991", "year": "1991", "month": "", "label": "1991", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1162874, "previous_value": 1231532, "delta": -68658, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3806874, "previous_value": 3807991, "delta": -1117, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1992", "year": "1992", "month": "", "label": "1992", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1153596, "previous_value": 1162874, "delta": -9278, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3853846, "previous_value": 3806874, "delta": 46972, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1993", "year": "1993", "month": "", "label": "1993", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1034502, "previous_value": 1153596, "delta": -119094, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3904883, "previous_value": 3853846, "delta": 51037, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1994", "year": "1994", "month": "", "label": "1994", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1092906, "previous_value": 1034502, "delta": 58404, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4011173, "previous_value": 3904883, "delta": 106290, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1995", "year": "1995", "month": "", "label": "1995", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1046990, "previous_value": 1092906, "delta": -45916, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4091597, "previous_value": 4011173, "delta": 80424, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1996", "year": "1996", "month": "", "label": "1996", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1069571, "previous_value": 1046990, "delta": 22581, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4164743, "previous_value": 4091597, "delta": 73146, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1997", "year": "1997", "month": "", "label": "1997", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1092534, "previous_value": 1069571, "delta": 22963, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4145594, 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"source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "year": "2010", "month": "", "label": "2010", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1041197, "previous_value": 1043658, "delta": -2461, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3774549, "previous_value": 3651766, "delta": 122783, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "year": "2011", "month": "", "label": "2011", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1078635, "previous_value": 1041197, 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"metric_label": "Población", "value": 11774683, "previous_value": 11769923, "delta": 4760, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 66990, "previous_value": 61938, "delta": 5052, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 183300, "previous_value": 159900, "delta": 23400, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.013970845036947, "previous_value": 5.26566568450924, "delta": -0.2516948394722931, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "year": "2023", "month": "", "label": "2023", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3012720, "previous_value": 3025259, "delta": -12539, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3390080, "previous_value": 3516554, "delta": -126474, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 11780046, "previous_value": 11774683, "delta": 5363, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 69680, "previous_value": 66990, "delta": 2690, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 199200, "previous_value": 183300, "delta": 15900, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.845838827164341, "previous_value": 5.013970845036947, "delta": -0.16813201787260557, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "disaster", "source_name": "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency", "source_url": "https://www.epa.gov/east-palestine-oh-train-derailment", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "이스트 팔레스타인 열차 탈선과 환경 대응", "event_text_ko": "이스트 팔레스타인 열차 탈선 이후 연방·주·지역 기관의 환경 조사와 복구·모니터링이 이어졌다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 사건은 현대 오하이오에서 화물철도·지역사회 안전·환경 관리가 교차하는 사례다.", "event_significance_ko": "동부 오하이오의 소규모 지역사회에서도 대형 운송망의 위험과 대응 역량이 중요한 지역 문제임을 보여준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "화물열차 탈선과 화학물질 방출 우려로 긴급대응과 장기 환경 확인이 필요해졌다.", "event_background_ko": "복구 이후에도 모니터링·유지관리·보고 단계가 이어지며 장기 대응 사례로 남아 있다.", "event_outcome_ko": "2023년의 주 전체 경제 지표 변화와 직접 인과관계를 설정하지 않고 별도의 지역 안전·환경 사건으로 해석한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "2023년의 주 전체 경제 지표 변화와 직접 인과관계를 설정하지 않고 별도의 지역 안전·환경 사건으로 해석한다.", "event_title_en": "East Palestine derailment and environmental response", "event_text_en": "After the East Palestine train derailment, federal, state, and local agencies continued environmental investigation, cleanup, monitoring, and reporting.", "event_summary_en": "The event is a modern example of the intersection of freight rail, community safety, and environmental management in Ohio.", "event_significance_en": "It shows that the risks and response demands of major transport networks also matter for smaller communities in eastern Ohio.", "event_regional_context_en": "The derailment and concerns about chemical releases led to emergency response and longer-term environmental assessment.", "event_background_en": "Monitoring, maintenance, and reporting continued after the initial cleanup, making it an ongoing case of long-term response.", "event_outcome_en": "It should be read as a separate regional safety and environmental event rather than as a direct cause of statewide economic changes in 2023.", "event_data_context_en": "It should be read as a separate regional safety and environmental event rather than as a direct cause of statewide economic changes in 2023.", "event_title_es": "Descarrilamiento de East Palestine y respuesta ambiental", "event_text_es": "Tras el descarrilamiento de East Palestine, agencias federales, estatales y locales continuaron la investigación ambiental, limpieza, monitoreo e informes.", "event_summary_es": "El hecho es un ejemplo moderno de la intersección entre ferrocarril de carga, seguridad comunitaria y gestión ambiental en Ohio.", "event_significance_es": "Muestra que los riesgos y las exigencias de respuesta de grandes redes de transporte también importan para comunidades pequeñas del este de Ohio.", "event_regional_context_es": "El descarrilamiento y la preocupación por liberaciones químicas llevaron a una respuesta de emergencia y evaluación ambiental de largo plazo.", "event_background_es": "El monitoreo, mantenimiento y los informes continuaron tras la limpieza inicial, convirtiéndolo en un caso de respuesta de largo plazo.", "event_outcome_es": "Debe leerse como un hecho regional de seguridad y medio ambiente separado, no como causa directa de cambios económicos estatales en 2023.", "event_data_context_es": "Debe leerse como un hecho regional de seguridad y medio ambiente separado, no como causa directa de cambios económicos estatales en 2023.", "event_related_places": [ "East Palestine" ], "event_title": "Descarrilamiento de East Palestine y respuesta ambiental", "event_text": "Tras el descarrilamiento de East Palestine, agencias federales, estatales y locales continuaron la investigación ambiental, limpieza, monitoreo e informes." } ] }, { "period": "2024", "year": "2024", "month": "", "label": "2024", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3011962, "previous_value": 3012720, "delta": -758, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3431919, "previous_value": 3390080, "delta": 41839, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 11810293, "previous_value": 11780046, "delta": 30247, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 71389, "previous_value": 69680, "delta": 1709, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 214800, "previous_value": 199200, "delta": 15600, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.760475740640314, "previous_value": 4.845838827164341, "delta": -0.08536308652402713, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "year": "2025", "period": "2025", "label": "2025", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "infrastructure", "source_name": "Ohio House of Representatives", "source_url": "https://www.house.ohio.gov/news/republican/stephens-participates-in-groundbreaking-ceremony-for-chesapeake-bypass-131045", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Chesapeake Bypass 최종 구간 건설 착공", "event_text_ko": "남부 Ohio Lawrence County에서 오랫동안 계획된 Chesapeake Bypass의 최종 연결 구간 건설이 2025년에 시작됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Appalachian southern Ohio의 도로 안전·지역 연결성을 개선하는 장기 교통사업이 새로운 건설 단계에 들어간 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "대도시권 밖 남부 Ohio에서도 교통 인프라가 지역 접근성과 물류 조건을 계속 바꾸고 있음을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Lawrence County와 Ohio River 권역은 West Virginia·Kentucky와 연결되는 Appalachian 교통망의 일부다.", "event_background_ko": "Chesapeake Bypass는 여러 단계로 추진된 장기 도로사업이며 2025년 착공은 남아 있던 연결 구간을 완성하기 위한 후속 단계다.", "event_outcome_ko": "착공은 사업 완료를 의미하지 않으며 향후 실제 교통·경제 효과는 개통 이후 별도 자료로 평가해야 한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "2025년 사건은 현재 지표 최신 연도인 2024년 이후이므로 기존 시계열 변화를 설명하는 원인으로 사용하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Construction begins on the final Chesapeake Bypass segment", "event_text_en": "Construction began in 2025 on the final connection of the long-planned Chesapeake Bypass in Lawrence County in southern Ohio.", "event_summary_en": "The event marks a new construction phase for a long-running transport project intended to improve road connectivity in Appalachian southern Ohio.", "event_significance_en": "It shows that transport infrastructure continues to reshape access and mobility in southern Ohio outside the state’s largest metropolitan areas.", "event_regional_context_en": "Lawrence County and the Ohio River corridor are part of an Appalachian transport network linked with West Virginia and Kentucky.", "event_background_en": "The Chesapeake Bypass has been developed in stages, and the 2025 groundbreaking begins work on the remaining connection.", "event_outcome_en": "The start of construction is not the same as project completion; future transport and economic effects should be assessed after the corridor opens.", "event_data_context_en": "Because the 2025 milestone occurs after the latest 2024 indicators, it is not used to explain changes already present in those time series.", "event_title_es": "Comienza la construcción del tramo final del Chesapeake Bypass", "event_text_es": "En 2025 comenzó la construcción de la conexión final del largamente planificado Chesapeake Bypass en Lawrence County, al sur de Ohio.", "event_summary_es": "El hecho marca una nueva fase de construcción de un proyecto de transporte de larga duración destinado a mejorar la conectividad vial del sur apalache de Ohio.", "event_significance_es": "Muestra que la infraestructura de transporte sigue modificando el acceso y la movilidad en el sur de Ohio fuera de las mayores áreas metropolitanas.", "event_regional_context_es": "Lawrence County y el corredor del río Ohio forman parte de una red de transporte apalache conectada con West Virginia y Kentucky.", "event_background_es": "El Chesapeake Bypass se ha desarrollado por etapas y el inicio de obra de 2025 pone en marcha el tramo de conexión restante.", "event_outcome_es": "El inicio de la construcción no equivale a la finalización del proyecto; los efectos futuros de transporte y economía deberán evaluarse después de la apertura.", "event_data_context_es": "Como el hito de 2025 ocurre después de los indicadores más recientes de 2024, no se usa para explicar cambios ya presentes en esas series.", "event_title": "Comienza la construcción del tramo final del Chesapeake Bypass", "event_text": "En 2025 comenzó la construcción de la conexión final del largamente planificado Chesapeake Bypass en Lawrence County, al sur de Ohio." } ] } ], "places": [ { "category": "major_city", "name": "Columbus", "source_name": "Ohio Legislative Service Commission", "source_url": "https://www.lsc.ohio.gov/assets/organizations/legislative-service-commission/files/chapter-12-statehood-to-statehouse-10021978.pdf", "summary_ko": "오하이오의 주도이자 행정·교육·서비스 기능이 집중된 중부 도시다. 주 전역의 교통축과 오하이오주립대를 함께 이해할 수 있는 핵심 거점이다.", "summary_en": "Ohio’s capital is a central administrative, education, and service hub. Its statewide connections and the presence of Ohio State make it a useful anchor for understanding central Ohio.", "summary_es": "La capital de Ohio es un centro administrativo, educativo y de servicios. Sus conexiones estatales y la presencia de Ohio State la convierten en un punto clave para entender el centro del estado.", "summary": "La capital de Ohio es un centro administrativo, educativo y de servicios. Sus conexiones estatales y la presencia de Ohio State la convierten en un punto clave para entender el centro del estado." }, { "category": "major_city", "name": "Cleveland", "source_name": "City of Cleveland", "source_url": "https://www.clevelandohio.gov/explore/about-cleveland/history-facts", "summary_ko": "이리호 남안의 대도시로, 수운·철도·제조업이 결합한 산업 성장의 역사를 갖고 있다. 오늘날에도 오대호 항만과 도시권 기능이 중요하다.", "summary_en": "A major city on Lake Erie, Cleveland grew through the combination of water transport, rail links, and manufacturing. Its Great Lakes port and metropolitan role remain important.", "summary_es": "Gran ciudad a orillas del lago Erie, Cleveland creció gracias a la combinación de transporte acuático, ferrocarril y manufactura. Su puerto de los Grandes Lagos sigue siendo relevante.", "summary": "Gran ciudad a orillas del lago Erie, Cleveland creció gracias a la combinación de transporte acuático, ferrocarril y manufactura. Su puerto de los Grandes Lagos sigue siendo relevante." }, { "category": "major_city", "name": "Cincinnati", "source_name": "City of Cincinnati", "source_url": "https://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/dote/modes-of-transportation/by-river/", "summary_ko": "오하이오강을 기반으로 성장한 남서부의 주요 도시다. 강 교통과 광역권 경제가 오하이오 남서부의 성격을 이해하는 데 중요한 단서가 된다.", "summary_en": "Cincinnati developed around the Ohio River and remains a major southwestern metropolitan center. River transport and its cross-state urban region shape the area’s economic geography.", "summary_es": "Cincinnati se desarrolló alrededor del río Ohio y sigue siendo un gran centro metropolitano del suroeste. El transporte fluvial y su región urbana interestatal definen su geografía económica.", "summary": "Cincinnati se desarrolló alrededor del río Ohio y sigue siendo un gran centro metropolitano del suroeste. El transporte fluvial y su región urbana interestatal definen su geografía económica." }, { "category": "nature_park", "name": "Cuyahoga Valley National Park", "source_name": "U.S. National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/cuva/learn/historyculture/index.htm", "summary_ko": "클리블랜드와 애크런 사이의 쿠야호가강 계곡을 보전하는 국립공원이다. 산업 회랑과 자연 복원이 가까이 공존하는 북동부 오하이오의 특징을 보여준다.", "summary_en": "This national park protects the Cuyahoga River valley between Cleveland and Akron. It shows how natural conservation and a heavily developed industrial corridor can exist close together.", "summary_es": "Este parque nacional protege el valle del río Cuyahoga entre Cleveland y Akron. Muestra la proximidad entre conservación natural y un corredor industrial densamente desarrollado.", "summary": "Este parque nacional protege el valle del río Cuyahoga entre Cleveland y Akron. Muestra la proximidad entre conservación natural y un corredor industrial densamente desarrollado." }, { "category": "nature_park", "name": "Hocking Hills State Park", "source_name": "Ohio Department of Natural Resources", "source_url": "https://ohiodnr.gov/go-and-do/plan-a-visit/find-a-property/hocking-hills-state-park", "summary_ko": "사암 절벽·협곡·숲 경관으로 알려진 오하이오 남동부의 대표 자연지다. 대도시권과 다른 애팔래치아 지형의 지역성을 보여준다.", "summary_en": "Known for sandstone cliffs, gorges, and forested scenery, Hocking Hills represents the Appalachian landscape of southeastern Ohio, distinct from the state’s largest urban corridors.", "summary_es": "Conocido por sus acantilados de arenisca, gargantas y bosques, Hocking Hills representa el paisaje apalache del sureste de Ohio, distinto de los grandes corredores urbanos.", "summary": "Conocido por sus acantilados de arenisca, gargantas y bosques, Hocking Hills representa el paisaje apalache del sureste de Ohio, distinto de los grandes corredores urbanos." }, { "category": "education", "name": "The Ohio State University", "source_name": "The Ohio State University", "source_url": "https://www.osu.edu/about/columbus", "summary_ko": "콜럼버스의 대표 고등교육·연구기관으로, 주도권의 교육·연구·고용 기능을 이해하는 중요한 장소다.", "summary_en": "A major research and higher-education institution in Columbus, Ohio State is central to the capital region’s education, research, and employment landscape.", "summary_es": "Importante institución de investigación y educación superior en Columbus, Ohio State es fundamental para el panorama educativo, científico y laboral de la región capital.", "summary": "Importante institución de investigación y educación superior en Columbus, Ohio State es fundamental para el panorama educativo, científico y laboral de la región capital." }, { "category": "landmark", "name": "National Museum of the United States Air Force", "source_name": "National Museum of the United States Air Force", "source_url": "https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Home/About-Us/", "summary_ko": "데이턴 인근 라이트-패터슨 공군기지에 있는 항공박물관으로, 라이트 형제와 이어지는 오하이오의 항공·기술 유산을 이해하는 대표 장소다.", "summary_en": "Located near Dayton at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, the museum connects modern aerospace history with the region’s long association with flight and technical innovation.", "summary_es": "Situado cerca de Dayton en la base Wright-Patterson, el museo conecta la historia aeroespacial moderna con la larga relación regional con el vuelo y la innovación técnica.", "summary": "Situado cerca de Dayton en la base Wright-Patterson, el museo conecta la historia aeroespacial moderna con la larga relación regional con el vuelo y la innovación técnica." }, { "category": "transport", "name": "Port of Cleveland", "source_name": "Port of Cleveland", "source_url": "https://www.portofcleveland.com/about/", "summary_ko": "이리호에 접한 클리블랜드의 항만은 오대호 수운과 국제·국내 물류를 연결하는 북부 오하이오의 교통 자산이다.", "summary_en": "Cleveland’s Lake Erie port links northern Ohio to Great Lakes shipping and broader freight networks, reinforcing the city’s long-standing transport role.", "summary_es": "El puerto de Cleveland en el lago Erie conecta el norte de Ohio con la navegación de los Grandes Lagos y redes logísticas más amplias.", "summary": "El puerto de Cleveland en el lago Erie conecta el norte de Ohio con la navegación de los Grandes Lagos y redes logísticas más amplias." } ], "tables": [ { "table_id": "key_metrics", "title": "Key metrics", "columns": [ "metric", "latest_period", "latest_value", "unit", "first_period", "first_value", "change", "change_pct" ], "rows": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 3011962, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1258405, "change": 1753557, "change_pct": 139.34758682618076 }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 3431919, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 3512900, "change": -80981, "change_pct": -2.3052463776367107 }, { "metric": "Población", "topic": "population", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 11810293, "unit": "persons", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 11525536, "change": 284757, "change_pct": 2.4706616681428093 }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "topic": "income", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 71389, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 48071, "change": 23318, "change_pct": 48.5074161136652 }, { "metric": "Vivienda", "topic": "housing", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 214800, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 135600, "change": 79200, "change_pct": 58.4070796460177 }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "topic": "employment", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 4.760475740640314, "unit": "percent", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 9.295993915834922, "change": -4.535518175194608, "change_pct": -48.79002951442067 } ] }, { "table_id": "history", "title": "Historical observations", "columns": [ "period", "values" ], "rows": [ { "period": "2024", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3011962, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3431919, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11810293, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 71389, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 214800, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.760475740640314, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3012720, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3390080, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11780046, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 69680, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 199200, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.845838827164341, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3025259, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3516554, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11774683, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 66990, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 183300, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.013970845036947, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3023674, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3492261, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11769923, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 61938, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 159900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.26566568450924, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3189531, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3346090, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11675275, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 58116, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 151400, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.303441899639694, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3588947, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3570278, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11655397, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 56602, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 145700, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.321267081640771, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 3354530, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3697556, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11641879, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 54533, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 140000, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.824590615443331, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 2696660, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3556786, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11609756, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 52407, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 135100, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 6.455436971560011, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 2412773, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3611003, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11586941, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 50674, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 131900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 7.247602956986996, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2015", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 2079830, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3659377, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11575977, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 49429, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 129900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 8.166618867733392, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1547291, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3761753, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11560380, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48849, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 129600, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.18854521536287, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2013", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1147093, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3657338, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11549590, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48308, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 130800, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.96613463504167, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1069525, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3580325, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11533561, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48246, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 133700, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.698128875742649, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1078635, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3729133, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 11525536, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48071, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 135600, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.295993915834922, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1041197, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3774549, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1043658, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3651766, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2008", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1047362, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3987333, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2007", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 901650, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4037709, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2006", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 906549, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 3911618, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2005", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 931886, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 4069541, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] } ] } ], "sources": [ { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "metric": "Total primary energy production" }, { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "metric": "Total energy consumption" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "metric": "Population" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "metric": "Median household income" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "metric": "Median home value" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "metric": "Unemployment rate" } ], "narrative": "Ohio contiene varios sistemas regionales distintos: el corredor central de Columbus, la región industrial y portuaria de Cleveland junto al lago Erie, el suroeste Cincinnati-Dayton y las comunidades apalaches del sureste. Los indicadores de largo plazo también siguen trayectorias diferentes. La producción de energía primaria aumenta con rapidez durante la década de 2010 mientras el consumo total permanece por debajo de su máximo anterior, y la población crece lentamente al mismo tiempo que ingreso y vivienda avanzan con mayor fuerza. Producción y consumo de energía se separaron con fuerza en la década de 2010 La producción de energía primaria se debilita durante muchos años después de 1985 y alcanza su mínimo en 2002. Luego se recupera y crece con especial rapidez entre 2014 y 2019, cuando alcanza el máximo del periodo observado. Desde 2020 permanece por debajo de ese máximo, aunque sigue muy por encima de buena parte de la historia anterior. El consumo total de energía sigue un camino muy distinto. Alcanza su máximo de largo plazo en 2000, tiende a bajar después y registra el mínimo del periodo observado en 2020. Se recupera en 2021 y 2022, baja en 2023 y aumenta ligeramente en 2024, pero el nivel reciente sigue un poco por debajo de 1985. La población cambió lentamente mientras ingreso y vivienda avanzaron más rápido La población de Ohio aumenta a largo plazo después de 2011, pero la variación anual es moderada. En 2021 aparece un salto visible y después continúa un crecimiento gradual hasta el nivel más alto de la ventana actual en 2024. El ingreso mediano de los hogares sube de forma sostenida, mientras el valor mediano de la vivienda baja hasta un mínimo en 2014 y después inicia una subida prolongada. La vivienda se acelera especialmente después de 2022 y se mueve mucho más rápido que la población. El desempleo siguió una caída prolongada después de 2013 La tasa de desempleo alcanza el máximo de la ventana actual en 2013 y desciende durante la mayor parte de los años posteriores. Incluso los valores de 2020 y 2021 permanecen muy por debajo del máximo anterior y la tasa alcanza el mínimo del periodo observado en 2024. La caída del desempleo y el aumento del ingreso coinciden durante buena parte del periodo, pero ambas medidas por sí solas no demuestran causalidad. Columbus, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Dayton y el Ohio apalache tienen estructuras industriales y laborales diferentes. Columbus, Cleveland, Cincinnati y el Ohio apalache forman sistemas distintos Columbus combina gobierno estatal, educación superior, investigación y servicios. Cleveland conserva una historia de lago Erie, puerto, manufactura y salud. Cincinnati articula el suroeste junto al río Ohio y Dayton aporta una fuerte identidad aeronáutica y de ingeniería. Cuyahoga Valley y Hocking Hills incorporan paisajes de conservación y recreación a un estado asociado a menudo con la industria. El sureste apalache tiene más comunidades pequeñas y terreno montañoso, con condiciones de acceso, vivienda y empleo diferentes de las grandes áreas metropolitanas. La cronología va del asentamiento temprano a un nuevo proyecto vial apalache El asentamiento de Marietta en 1788 amplía la historia a una etapa anterior a la condición de estado de Ohio en 1803. El Ohio & Erie Canal, los experimentos aeronáuticos de Dayton, la gran inundación de 1913, la Ohio Turnpike, el incendio del río Cuyahoga y los hechos de Kent State representan capítulos muy distintos de transporte, tecnología, medio ambiente, desastre y vida cívica. El descarrilamiento de East Palestine en 2023 volvió a poner atención en transporte de carga y seguridad comunitaria, mientras el inicio en 2025 de la construcción de la conexión final del Chesapeake Bypass lleva un proyecto vial de larga duración del sur de Ohio a una nueva fase. Estos hechos aportan contexto regional sin convertirse en explicaciones únicas de los indicadores estatales. Fuentes US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ ¿Por qué la producción y el consumo de energía de Ohio siguieron caminos diferentes? Miden partes distintas del sistema energético. La producción registra la energía producida dentro de Ohio y el consumo la energía utilizada. La composición industrial, las fuentes, la eficiencia, el clima y el transporte pueden afectarlos de manera distinta. ¿Por qué el valor de la vivienda puede subir mucho más rápido que la población de Ohio? El valor de vivienda también responde a oferta, condiciones de financiación, ingreso de los hogares, demanda local e inventario. No tiene que avanzar al mismo ritmo que la población estatal. ¿La construcción del Chesapeake Bypass en 2025 explica los indicadores económicos de Ohio de 2024? No. El hito de 2025 ocurre después de la ventana estadística actual y se incluye como un acontecimiento posterior de infraestructura regional, no como causa de cambios ya observados hasta 2024. La trayectoria de largo plazo de Ohio combina un crecimiento demográfico lento con una gran transformación de la producción energética, un consumo energético menor a largo plazo, mayores ingresos y valores de vivienda y una tasa de desempleo más baja. Columbus, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Dayton y el sureste apalache muestran por qué un promedio estatal contiene varios sistemas regionales diferentes." }