{ "contract": "GMI_DATALAB_PUBLIC_EXPORT_V1", "report_id": "RH-C6A657D1277C7828", "region_id": "US-AL", "language": "es", "title": "Alabama: población, economía, empleo y tendencias clave | Data Lab", "url": "https://greenblog.co.kr/es/data-report/alabama-poblacion-economia-empleo-y-tendencias-clave-data-lab-2/", "region": { "region_key": "us_al", "region_id": "US-AL", "region_name": "Alabama", "geo_level": "state" }, "region_profile": [ { "label": "Nivel geográfico", "value": "Estado" }, { "label": "Geografía superior", "value": "Estados Unidos" }, { "label": "Capital", "value": "Montgomery" }, { "label": "Ciudad más grande", "value": "Huntsville" }, { "label": "Zona horaria", "value": "Central Time" }, { "label": "Población más reciente", "value": "5.09M" }, { "label": "Indicadores seguidos", "value": "6" }, { "label": "Periodo de observación", "value": "1819–2026" } ], "coverage": { "period_start": "1819", "period_end": "2026" }, "template_id": "population_change", "metrics": [ { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "label": "Producción de energía primaria", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "observations": [ { "period": "1985", "value": 1272362 }, { "period": "1986", "value": 1174965 }, { "period": "1987", "value": 1170687 }, { "period": "1988", "value": 1225194 }, { "period": "1989", "value": 1267728 }, { "period": "1990", "value": 1269484 }, { "period": "1991", "value": 1300485 }, { "period": "1992", "value": 1413636 }, { "period": "1993", "value": 1421826 }, { "period": "1994", "value": 1558410 }, { "period": "1995", "value": 1583677 }, { "period": "1996", "value": 1663241 }, { "period": "1997", "value": 1629937 }, { "period": "1998", "value": 1600482 }, { "period": "1999", "value": 1524759 }, { "period": "2000", "value": 1498716 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 1426059 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 1426017 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 1435498 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 1472992 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 1434874 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 1365004 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 1380568 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 1442777 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 1368693 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 1374287 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 1354471 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 1398031 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 1401878 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 1311335 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 1208712 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 1077495 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 1175472 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 1180328 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 1185762 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 1134743 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 1075783 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 1048293 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 1111227 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 1142809 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1272362, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 1142809, "change": -129553, "change_pct": -10.182086544552572 } }, { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "label": "Consumo total de energía", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "observations": [ { "period": "1985", "value": 1475311 }, { "period": "1986", "value": 1458334 }, { "period": "1987", "value": 1541794 }, { "period": "1988", "value": 1616129 }, { "period": "1989", "value": 1638956 }, { "period": "1990", "value": 1599432 }, { "period": "1991", "value": 1618216 }, { "period": "1992", "value": 1691870 }, { "period": "1993", "value": 1744734 }, { "period": "1994", "value": 1822330 }, { "period": "1995", "value": 1907458 }, { "period": "1996", "value": 1935016 }, { "period": "1997", "value": 1903449 }, { "period": "1998", "value": 1946380 }, { "period": "1999", "value": 2002228 }, { "period": "2000", "value": 2065056 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 1859587 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 1920029 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 1897040 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 2017765 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 2018912 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 2050932 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 2067485 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 1976589 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 1749863 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 1906134 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 1882109 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 1862573 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 1881861 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 1929820 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 1880806 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 1895509 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 1867808 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 1912768 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 1883805 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 1795052 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 1927979 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 1912683 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 1866307 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 1906213 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1475311, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 1906213, "change": 430902, "change_pct": 29.207536580422705 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "label": "Población", "topic": "population", "unit": "persons", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 4747424 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 4777326 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 4799277 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 4817678 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 4830620 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 4841164 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 4850771 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 4864680 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 4876250 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 4893186 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 4997675 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 5028092 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 5054253 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 5086768 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 4747424, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 5086768, "change": 339344, "change_pct": 7.147960662456103 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "topic": "income", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 42934 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 43160 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 43253 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 43511 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 43623 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 44758 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 46472 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 48486 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 50536 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 52035 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 54943 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 59609 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 62027 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 63999 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 42934, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 63999, "change": 21065, "change_pct": 49.06367913541715 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "label": "Vivienda", "topic": "housing", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 120800 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 122300 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 122500 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 123800 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 125500 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 128500 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 132100 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 137200 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 142700 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 149600 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 157100 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 179400 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 195100 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 209900 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 120800, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 209900, "change": 89100, "change_pct": 73.75827814569537 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "label": "Tasa de desempleo", "topic": "employment", "unit": "percent", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 9.607606458232857 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 10.2628893143265 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 10.780747500215009 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 10.214325046479297 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 9.289268698344234 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 8.285590324562632 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 7.447025980458373 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 6.648278391769149 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 5.924926855108301 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 5.582389039646306 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 5.414068588819994 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 5.152174360946664 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 4.816923279839472 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 4.699113560468065 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 9.607606458232857, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 4.699113560468065, "change": -4.908492897764791, "change_pct": -51.089654005953314 } } ], "timeline": [ { "year": "1819", "period": "1819", "label": "1819", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "statehood", "source_name": "Alabama Department of Archives and History", "source_url": "https://archives.alabama.gov/manage/docs/annual-reports/Annual_report_records_management_FY2021.pdf", "event_type": "institutional_change", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "United States Congress", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "enacted", "event_title_ko": "앨라배마 주 승격", "event_text_ko": "앨라배마 준주가 미국의 주로 편입되며 독자적인 주 정부 체제가 자리 잡기 시작했다.", "event_summary_ko": "현재의 주 행정·법·공공기관을 이해하는 출발점이 되는 제도적 전환이다.", "event_significance_ko": "초기 헌법과 주 정부 수립은 이후의 행정·교육·경제 제도의 기본 틀을 만들었다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Huntsville에서 초기 헌법 제정과 주 정부 형성이 진행된 역사는 북부 앨라배마에도 주 형성의 중요한 장소성이 있음을 보여준다.", "event_title_en": "Alabama Enters Statehood", "event_text_en": "The Alabama Territory entered the Union as a state, beginning a new phase of state government and institutions.", "event_summary_en": "This institutional transition provides the starting point for understanding Alabama’s modern state government and public institutions.", "event_significance_en": "The early constitution and state government created the basic framework within which later public institutions developed.", "event_regional_context_en": "The constitutional and early governmental story centered in Huntsville shows that northern Alabama played an important role in the state’s formation.", "event_title_es": "Alabama alcanza la condición de estado", "event_text_es": "El Territorio de Alabama ingresó en la Unión como estado, iniciando una nueva etapa de gobierno e instituciones estatales.", "event_summary_es": "Esta transición institucional es un punto de partida para comprender el gobierno y las instituciones públicas modernas de Alabama.", "event_significance_es": "La constitución inicial y el gobierno estatal crearon el marco básico en el que se desarrollaron las instituciones públicas posteriores.", "event_regional_context_es": "La historia constitucional y gubernamental temprana vinculada con Huntsville muestra que el norte de Alabama desempeñó un papel importante en la formación del estado.", "event_related_places": [ "Huntsville" ], "event_title": "Alabama alcanza la condición de estado", "event_text": "El Territorio de Alabama ingresó en la Unión como estado, iniciando una nueva etapa de gobierno e instituciones estatales." } ] }, { "year": "1928", "period": "1928", "label": "1928", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "port", "source_name": "Alabama Port Authority", "source_url": "https://alports.com/about/", "event_type": "infrastructure_milestone", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "Alabama Legislature", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "enacted", "event_title_ko": "앨라배마 주립 부두 체계 확립", "event_text_ko": "주 의회의 승인에 따라 Mobile의 주립 부두가 공식 항만 인프라로 자리 잡으며 해상 물류의 장기 기반이 강화됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "걸프 연안 항만을 내륙 산업·철도·도로망과 연결하는 주 단위 물류 축의 기반이 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "항만은 행정 중심지와 다른 남부 해안권의 경제 기능을 보여준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Mobile은 해상 관문으로서 앨라배마의 산업·수출입 구조에 장기간 영향을 주는 별도의 지역 축을 형성했다.", "event_title_en": "State Docks Established at Mobile", "event_text_en": "State-authorized docks at Mobile established a durable public port infrastructure and strengthened Alabama’s maritime logistics base.", "event_summary_en": "The port became a long-term statewide logistics anchor linking the Gulf Coast with inland industry, rail, and roads.", "event_significance_en": "The port highlights a coastal economic role that differs from the state’s inland administrative and technology centers.", "event_regional_context_en": "Mobile developed as a maritime gateway that gives Alabama a distinct coastal axis in its industrial and trade geography.", "event_title_es": "Establecimiento de los muelles estatales en Mobile", "event_text_es": "Los muelles autorizados por el estado en Mobile establecieron una infraestructura portuaria pública duradera y reforzaron la base logística marítima de Alabama.", "event_summary_es": "El puerto se convirtió en un eje logístico estatal de largo plazo que conecta la costa del Golfo con la industria, el ferrocarril y las carreteras del interior.", "event_significance_es": "El puerto destaca una función económica costera distinta de los centros administrativos y tecnológicos del interior.", "event_regional_context_es": "Mobile se desarrolló como puerta marítima que da a Alabama un eje costero diferenciado dentro de su geografía industrial y comercial.", "event_related_places": [ "Port of Mobile" ], "event_title": "Establecimiento de los muelles estatales en Mobile", "event_text": "Los muelles autorizados por el estado en Mobile establecieron una infraestructura portuaria pública duradera y reforzaron la base logística marítima de Alabama." } ] }, { "year": "1941", "period": "1941", "label": "1941", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "aviation", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/places/tuskegee-airmen-national-historic-site.htm", "event_type": "institutional_change", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "United States Army Air Corps", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "implemented", "event_title_ko": "Tuskegee 군 항공 훈련 본격화", "event_text_ko": "Tuskegee에서 아프리카계 미국인 군 항공 인력의 훈련 프로그램이 본격적으로 운영되며 군사 항공과 민권사의 중요한 장이 형성됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Moton Field를 중심으로 한 훈련은 군 조직 내부의 차별 구조에 도전한 장기적 상징이 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "항공 기술·교육·군 복무와 인종차별 극복이 한 지역에서 결합된 역사적 사례다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Tuskegee의 교육 기반과 군 항공 시설은 앨라배마의 역사에서 기술·교육과 사회 변화가 함께 작동한 사례를 보여준다.", "event_title_en": "Tuskegee Military Aviation Training Expands", "event_text_en": "Military aviation training for African American personnel expanded at Tuskegee, creating a major chapter in both aviation and civil-rights history.", "event_summary_en": "Training centered at Moton Field became a lasting symbol of achievement within a segregated military system.", "event_significance_en": "It is a regional story where aviation technology, education, military service, and resistance to racial discrimination intersect.", "event_regional_context_en": "Tuskegee’s educational base and aviation facilities show how technology, training, and social change could intersect in Alabama.", "event_title_es": "Se amplía la formación de aviación militar en Tuskegee", "event_text_es": "La formación de aviación militar para personal afroamericano se amplió en Tuskegee, creando un capítulo importante tanto de la aviación como de la historia de los derechos civiles.", "event_summary_es": "La formación centrada en Moton Field se convirtió en un símbolo duradero de logros dentro de un sistema militar segregado.", "event_significance_es": "Es una historia regional donde se cruzan tecnología aeronáutica, educación, servicio militar y resistencia a la discriminación racial.", "event_regional_context_es": "La base educativa y las instalaciones aeronáuticas de Tuskegee muestran cómo tecnología, formación y cambio social pudieron converger en Alabama.", "event_related_places": [ "Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site" ], "event_title": "Se amplía la formación de aviación militar en Tuskegee", "event_text": "La formación de aviación militar para personal afroamericano se amplió en Tuskegee, creando un capítulo importante tanto de la aviación como de la historia de los derechos civiles." } ] }, { "year": "1955", "period": "1955", "label": "1955", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "civil_rights", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/articles/montgomery-bus-boycott.htm", "event_type": "social_movement", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Montgomery 버스 보이콧 시작", "event_text_ko": "Montgomery에서 버스 인종분리에 맞선 장기 보이콧이 시작되며 지역 교통 문제가 전국적 민권운동의 중요한 전환점이 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "도시 대중교통과 시민 조직, 법적 도전이 결합된 운동은 Montgomery를 미국 민권사의 핵심 도시로 만들었다.", "event_significance_ko": "일상적 교통 서비스의 운영 규칙이 시민권과 제도 변화를 둘러싼 전국적 논쟁으로 이어졌다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "오늘날 Montgomery의 행정·문화 기능을 이해할 때 이 민권 역사는 도시의 장소 정체성과 분리할 수 없는 배경이다.", "event_title_en": "Montgomery Bus Boycott Begins", "event_text_en": "A sustained boycott against bus segregation began in Montgomery, turning a local transit dispute into a major episode of the national civil-rights movement.", "event_summary_en": "The combination of transit, community organizing, and legal challenge made Montgomery a central city in the modern civil-rights story.", "event_significance_en": "Rules governing an everyday public service became the focus of a national struggle over citizenship and institutional change.", "event_regional_context_en": "This history remains inseparable from Montgomery’s civic identity and the way its public spaces are interpreted today.", "event_title_es": "Comienza el boicot de autobuses de Montgomery", "event_text_es": "Comenzó en Montgomery un boicot sostenido contra la segregación en los autobuses, convirtiendo un conflicto local de transporte en un episodio decisivo del movimiento nacional por los derechos civiles.", "event_summary_es": "La combinación de transporte, organización comunitaria y desafío legal convirtió a Montgomery en una ciudad central de la historia moderna de los derechos civiles.", "event_significance_es": "Las reglas de un servicio público cotidiano se convirtieron en el centro de una lucha nacional sobre ciudadanía y cambio institucional.", "event_regional_context_es": "Esta historia sigue siendo inseparable de la identidad cívica de Montgomery y de la manera en que hoy se interpretan sus espacios públicos.", "event_related_places": [ "Montgomery" ], "event_title": "Comienza el boicot de autobuses de Montgomery", "event_text": "Comenzó en Montgomery un boicot sostenido contra la segregación en los autobuses, convirtiendo un conflicto local de transporte en un episodio decisivo del movimiento nacional por los derechos civiles." } ] }, { "year": "1960", "period": "1960", "label": "1960", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "science_technology", "source_name": "NASA", "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/marshall/60-years-of-marshall-space-flight-center/", "event_type": "institutional_change", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "NASA", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "implemented", "event_title_ko": "NASA Marshall Space Flight Center 출범", "event_text_ko": "Huntsville의 기존 로켓 연구 조직과 시설이 NASA의 Marshall Space Flight Center로 전환되며 우주개발 연구의 장기 거점이 형성됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Huntsville의 도시 기능이 군수·제조에서 우주·연구·첨단기술까지 확장되는 핵심 계기가 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "북부 앨라배마의 연구·기술 생태계를 이해하는 핵심 제도적 전환이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "NASA와 Redstone Arsenal의 결합은 Huntsville이 주의 행정·항만 중심과 다른 고유한 기술 거점으로 성장하는 배경이 됐다.", "event_title_en": "NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Activated", "event_text_en": "Existing rocket research teams and facilities in Huntsville became NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, establishing a long-term center for spaceflight engineering.", "event_summary_en": "The center helped extend Huntsville’s regional role from military and manufacturing activity into space research and advanced engineering.", "event_significance_en": "It is a defining institutional shift for understanding the research and technology ecosystem of northern Alabama.", "event_regional_context_en": "The NASA and Redstone Arsenal complex helped Huntsville develop a technology role distinct from Alabama’s capital and coastal port centers.", "event_title_es": "Se activa el Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA", "event_text_es": "Equipos e instalaciones de investigación de cohetes en Huntsville pasaron a formar parte del Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA, creando un centro de largo plazo para la ingeniería espacial.", "event_summary_es": "El centro ayudó a ampliar el papel regional de Huntsville desde la actividad militar y manufacturera hacia la investigación espacial y la ingeniería avanzada.", "event_significance_es": "Es un cambio institucional decisivo para comprender el ecosistema de investigación y tecnología del norte de Alabama.", "event_regional_context_es": "El complejo formado por la NASA y Redstone Arsenal ayudó a que Huntsville desarrollara un papel tecnológico distinto de los centros de la capital y del puerto costero.", "event_related_places": [ "Huntsville" ], "event_title": "Se activa el Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA", "event_text": "Equipos e instalaciones de investigación de cohetes en Huntsville pasaron a formar parte del Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA, creando un centro de largo plazo para la ingeniería espacial." } ] }, { "year": "1961", "period": "1961", "label": "1961", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "civil_rights", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/frri/", "event_type": "social_movement", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Freedom Riders 공격과 연방 교통 분리 철폐 압력", "event_text_ko": "인종분리된 주간 교통을 시험한 Freedom Riders가 앨라배마에서 폭력 공격을 겪으며 주간 교통의 인종분리 문제가 전국적 관심을 받았다.", "event_summary_ko": "Anniston과 Montgomery를 포함한 지역 교통 공간이 민권운동과 연방 규제 변화의 현장이 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "교통망은 경제적 연결뿐 아니라 시민권의 실제 적용을 둘러싼 제도적 공간이기도 했다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "앨라배마의 도로·버스 노선 역사는 인프라가 사회 제도와 분리되지 않는다는 점을 보여준다.", "event_title_en": "Freedom Riders Confront Segregation in Alabama", "event_text_en": "Freedom Riders challenging segregation in interstate travel were violently attacked in Alabama, drawing national attention to discriminatory travel practices.", "event_summary_en": "Transportation spaces in and around Anniston and Montgomery became sites of civil-rights confrontation and federal regulatory change.", "event_significance_en": "Transportation networks were not only economic connectors but also institutional spaces where civil rights were contested.", "event_regional_context_en": "Alabama’s road and bus history shows that infrastructure can also be a setting for major social and institutional conflict.", "event_title_es": "Los Freedom Riders desafían la segregación en Alabama", "event_text_es": "Los Freedom Riders que desafiaban la segregación en los viajes interestatales sufrieron ataques violentos en Alabama, atrayendo atención nacional sobre las prácticas discriminatorias de transporte.", "event_summary_es": "Los espacios de transporte en Anniston, Montgomery y sus alrededores se convirtieron en escenarios de confrontación por los derechos civiles y de cambio regulatorio federal.", "event_significance_es": "Las redes de transporte no fueron solo conectores económicos, sino también espacios institucionales donde se disputaban los derechos civiles.", "event_regional_context_es": "La historia de las carreteras y los autobuses de Alabama muestra que la infraestructura también puede ser escenario de grandes conflictos sociales e institucionales.", "event_related_places": [ "Montgomery" ], "event_title": "Los Freedom Riders desafían la segregación en Alabama", "event_text": "Los Freedom Riders que desafiaban la segregación en los viajes interestatales sufrieron ataques violentos en Alabama, atrayendo atención nacional sobre las prácticas discriminatorias de transporte." } ] }, { "year": "1963", "period": "1963", "label": "1963", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "civil_rights", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/bicr/faqs.htm", "event_type": "social_movement", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Birmingham 민권 캠페인 전개", "event_text_ko": "Birmingham에서 조직된 직접행동과 이에 대한 강경 대응이 전국에 알려지며 도시의 인종분리 체제와 민권 문제가 국제적·전국적 관심을 받았다.", "event_summary_ko": "도심의 모텔·교회·공원·상업 공간이 시민 조직과 제도 변화의 주요 장소가 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "Birmingham의 산업도시 역사와 민권사는 오늘날 도시의 장소 해석을 함께 구성한다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "현재의 국가기념물은 당시의 장소와 사건을 보존해 지역의 사회 변화를 장기적으로 해석할 수 있게 한다.", "event_title_en": "Birmingham Civil Rights Campaign Intensifies", "event_text_en": "Organized direct action in Birmingham and the harsh response to protesters drew national and international attention to segregation and civil rights in the city.", "event_summary_en": "Motels, churches, parks, and commercial spaces in the city became key settings for organizing, protest, and institutional change.", "event_significance_en": "Birmingham’s industrial history and civil-rights history now form intertwined parts of the city’s public identity.", "event_regional_context_en": "The present national monument preserves key places from that period and supports a long-run reading of social change in the region.", "event_title_es": "Se intensifica la campaña por los derechos civiles en Birmingham", "event_text_es": "La acción directa organizada en Birmingham y la dura respuesta contra los manifestantes atrajeron atención nacional e internacional sobre la segregación y los derechos civiles en la ciudad.", "event_summary_es": "Moteles, iglesias, parques y espacios comerciales de la ciudad se convirtieron en escenarios clave de organización, protesta y cambio institucional.", "event_significance_es": "La historia industrial y la historia de los derechos civiles de Birmingham forman hoy partes entrelazadas de su identidad pública.", "event_regional_context_es": "El actual monumento nacional conserva lugares clave de ese periodo y permite interpretar el cambio social regional a largo plazo.", "event_related_places": [ "Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument" ], "event_title": "Se intensifica la campaña por los derechos civiles en Birmingham", "event_text": "La acción directa organizada en Birmingham y la dura respuesta contra los manifestantes atrajeron atención nacional e internacional sobre la segregación y los derechos civiles en la ciudad." } ] }, { "year": "1965", "period": "1965", "label": "1965", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "civil_rights", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/semo/learn/index.htm", "event_type": "social_movement", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "United States Congress", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "commemorated", "event_title_ko": "Selma에서 Montgomery까지 투표권 행진", "event_text_ko": "Selma와 Montgomery를 잇는 투표권 행진이 이어지며 앨라배마의 도로와 공공 공간이 전국적 투표권 논쟁의 상징이 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "행진 경로는 오늘날 국가역사트레일로 보존되며 지역 장소와 제도 변화의 연결을 보여준다.", "event_significance_ko": "앨라배마의 민권사는 Montgomery와 Birmingham뿐 아니라 Selma와 주간 도로망까지 이어지는 광역적 이야기다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "국가역사트레일은 오늘날 관광·교육·기억의 인프라로도 기능한다.", "event_title_en": "Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights Marches", "event_text_en": "Voting-rights marches linked Selma and Montgomery, making Alabama roads and civic spaces symbols of a national struggle over access to the ballot.", "event_summary_en": "The route is now preserved as a national historic trail, linking physical places with a major institutional change in American civic life.", "event_significance_en": "Alabama’s civil-rights history extends beyond individual cities into a regional network of roads, communities, and civic spaces.", "event_regional_context_en": "The national historic trail now also functions as infrastructure for education, remembrance, and heritage travel.", "event_title_es": "Marchas por el derecho al voto de Selma a Montgomery", "event_text_es": "Las marchas por el derecho al voto unieron Selma y Montgomery, convirtiendo carreteras y espacios cívicos de Alabama en símbolos de una lucha nacional por el acceso al voto.", "event_summary_es": "La ruta se conserva hoy como sendero histórico nacional y conecta lugares físicos con un gran cambio institucional de la vida cívica estadounidense.", "event_significance_es": "La historia de los derechos civiles de Alabama se extiende más allá de ciudades individuales hacia una red regional de carreteras, comunidades y espacios cívicos.", "event_regional_context_es": "El sendero histórico nacional funciona hoy también como infraestructura para la educación, la memoria y el turismo patrimonial.", "event_related_places": [ "Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail" ], "event_title": "Marchas por el derecho al voto de Selma a Montgomery", "event_text": "Las marchas por el derecho al voto unieron Selma y Montgomery, convirtiendo carreteras y espacios cívicos de Alabama en símbolos de una lucha nacional por el acceso al voto." } ] }, { "year": "1967", "period": "1967", "label": "1967", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "airport", "source_name": "Port of Huntsville", "source_url": "https://www.flyhuntsville.com/about/history/", "event_type": "infrastructure_milestone", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Huntsville 신공항 개항", "event_text_ko": "Huntsville의 새로운 공항 시설이 문을 열며 북부 앨라배마의 항공·화물·산업 연결성이 장기적으로 확대되는 기반이 마련됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "우주·방위·제조 연구가 성장한 Huntsville의 외부 접근성을 강화한 교통 전환이다.", "event_significance_ko": "공항은 기술 산업의 지역 성장과 사람·화물의 장거리 이동을 연결하는 기반시설이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Mobile의 해상 관문과 함께 Huntsville의 항공 관문은 앨라배마의 서로 다른 방향의 외부 연결성을 보여준다.", "event_title_en": "New Huntsville Airport Opens", "event_text_en": "A new airport facility opened for Huntsville, creating a long-term platform for passenger, cargo, and industrial connectivity in northern Alabama.", "event_summary_en": "The airport strengthened external access for a city whose space, defense, manufacturing, and research roles were expanding.", "event_significance_en": "The airport links the growth of technology-oriented industries with long-distance movement of people and cargo.", "event_regional_context_en": "Together with Mobile’s maritime gateway, Huntsville’s air gateway shows the different external connections that shape Alabama’s regional economy.", "event_title_es": "Abre el nuevo aeropuerto de Huntsville", "event_text_es": "Una nueva instalación aeroportuaria abrió para Huntsville, creando una plataforma de largo plazo para la conectividad de pasajeros, carga e industria en el norte de Alabama.", "event_summary_es": "El aeropuerto reforzó el acceso externo de una ciudad cuyas funciones espaciales, de defensa, manufactura e investigación estaban creciendo.", "event_significance_es": "El aeropuerto vincula el crecimiento de industrias tecnológicas con el movimiento de larga distancia de personas y carga.", "event_regional_context_es": "Junto con la puerta marítima de Mobile, la puerta aérea de Huntsville muestra las distintas conexiones externas que configuran la economía regional de Alabama.", "event_related_places": [ "Huntsville" ], "event_title": "Abre el nuevo aeropuerto de Huntsville", "event_text": "Una nueva instalación aeroportuaria abrió para Huntsville, creando una plataforma de largo plazo para la conectividad de pasajeros, carga e industria en el norte de Alabama." } ] }, { "period": "1986", "year": "1986", "month": "", "label": "1986", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1174965, "previous_value": 1272362, "delta": -97397, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1458334, "previous_value": 1475311, "delta": -16977, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1987", "year": "1987", "month": "", "label": "1987", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1170687, "previous_value": 1174965, "delta": -4278, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1541794, "previous_value": 1458334, "delta": 83460, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1988", "year": "1988", "month": "", "label": "1988", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1225194, "previous_value": 1170687, "delta": 54507, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1616129, "previous_value": 1541794, "delta": 74335, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1989", "year": "1989", "month": "", "label": "1989", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1267728, "previous_value": 1225194, "delta": 42534, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1638956, "previous_value": 1616129, "delta": 22827, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1990", "year": "1990", "month": "", "label": "1990", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1269484, "previous_value": 1267728, "delta": 1756, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1599432, "previous_value": 1638956, "delta": -39524, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1991", "year": "1991", "month": "", "label": "1991", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1300485, "previous_value": 1269484, "delta": 31001, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1618216, "previous_value": 1599432, "delta": 18784, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1992", "year": "1992", "month": "", "label": "1992", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1413636, "previous_value": 1300485, "delta": 113151, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1691870, "previous_value": 1618216, "delta": 73654, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1993", "year": "1993", "month": "", "label": "1993", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1421826, "previous_value": 1413636, "delta": 8190, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1744734, "previous_value": 1691870, "delta": 52864, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1994", "year": "1994", "month": "", "label": "1994", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", 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"Consumo total de energía", "value": 1907458, "previous_value": 1822330, "delta": 85128, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1996", "year": "1996", "month": "", "label": "1996", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1663241, "previous_value": 1583677, "delta": 79564, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1935016, "previous_value": 1907458, "delta": 27558, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "1997", "year": "1997", "month": "", "label": "1997", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": 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"previous_value": 9.289268698344234, "delta": -1.003678373781602, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "year": "2017", "month": "", "label": "2017", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1175472, "previous_value": 1077495, "delta": 97977, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1867808, "previous_value": 1895509, "delta": -27701, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 4850771, "previous_value": 4841164, "delta": 9607, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 46472, "previous_value": 44758, "delta": 1714, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 132100, "previous_value": 128500, "delta": 3600, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 7.447025980458373, "previous_value": 8.285590324562632, "delta": -0.8385643441042587, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "year": "2018", "month": "", "label": "2018", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1180328, "previous_value": 1175472, "delta": 4856, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1912768, "previous_value": 1867808, "delta": 44960, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 4864680, "previous_value": 4850771, "delta": 13909, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48486, "previous_value": 46472, "delta": 2014, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 137200, "previous_value": 132100, "delta": 5100, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 6.648278391769149, "previous_value": 7.447025980458373, "delta": -0.7987475886892241, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "year": "2019", "month": "", "label": "2019", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1185762, "previous_value": 1180328, "delta": 5434, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1883805, "previous_value": 1912768, "delta": -28963, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 4876250, "previous_value": 4864680, "delta": 11570, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 50536, "previous_value": 48486, "delta": 2050, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 142700, "previous_value": 137200, "delta": 5500, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.924926855108301, "previous_value": 6.648278391769149, "delta": -0.7233515366608483, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "year": "2020", "month": "", "label": "2020", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1134743, "previous_value": 1185762, "delta": -51019, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1795052, "previous_value": 1883805, "delta": -88753, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 4893186, "previous_value": 4876250, "delta": 16936, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 52035, "previous_value": 50536, "delta": 1499, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 149600, "previous_value": 142700, "delta": 6900, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.582389039646306, "previous_value": 5.924926855108301, "delta": -0.3425378154619949, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "year": "2021", "month": "", "label": "2021", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1075783, "previous_value": 1134743, "delta": -58960, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1927979, "previous_value": 1795052, "delta": 132927, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 4997675, "previous_value": 4893186, "delta": 104489, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 54943, "previous_value": 52035, "delta": 2908, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 157100, "previous_value": 149600, "delta": 7500, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.414068588819994, "previous_value": 5.582389039646306, "delta": -0.16832045082631186, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "year": "2022", "month": "", "label": "2022", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1048293, "previous_value": 1075783, "delta": -27490, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1912683, "previous_value": 1927979, "delta": -15296, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 5028092, "previous_value": 4997675, "delta": 30417, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 59609, "previous_value": 54943, "delta": 4666, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 179400, "previous_value": 157100, "delta": 22300, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.152174360946664, "previous_value": 5.414068588819994, "delta": -0.26189422787332983, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "year": "2023", "month": "", "label": "2023", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1111227, "previous_value": 1048293, "delta": 62934, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1866307, "previous_value": 1912683, "delta": -46376, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 5054253, "previous_value": 5028092, "delta": 26161, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 62027, "previous_value": 59609, "delta": 2418, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 195100, "previous_value": 179400, "delta": 15700, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.816923279839472, "previous_value": 5.152174360946664, "delta": -0.3352510811071925, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2024", "year": "2024", "month": "", "label": "2024", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1142809, "previous_value": 1111227, "delta": 31582, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1906213, "previous_value": 1866307, "delta": 39906, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Población", "value": 5086768, "previous_value": 5054253, "delta": 32515, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 63999, "previous_value": 62027, "delta": 1972, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Vivienda", "value": 209900, "previous_value": 195100, "delta": 14800, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.699113560468065, "previous_value": 4.816923279839472, "delta": -0.11780971937140627, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "year": "2026", "period": "2026", "label": "2026", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "infrastructure_policy", "source_name": "Office of the Governor of Alabama", "source_url": "https://governor.alabama.gov/newsroom/2026/03/governor-ivey-announces-approval-of-final-bead-broadband-proposal-awards-460-million-to-expand-access-to-high-speed-internet/", "event_type": "official_policy_announcement", "policy_domain": "broadband", "issuer": "National Telecommunications and Information Administration", "announcement_date": "2026-03-23", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "Governor Ivey Announces Approval of Final BEAD Broadband Proposal", "policy_status": "approved", "event_title_ko": "앨라배마 BEAD 최종 제안 승인", "event_text_ko": "연방 승인을 받은 광대역 최종 계획과 주의 사업 배정이 발표되며 디지털 연결성이 현대 지역 인프라의 별도 축으로 강화됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "도로·항만·공항에 더해 광대역이 교육·의료·기업 활동과 일상 접근성을 연결하는 기반시설로 다뤄지고 있음을 보여준다.", "event_significance_ko": "통계의 최신 관측 이후에도 지역 인프라 정책이 계속 변화하고 있음을 보여주는 공식 맥락이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "농촌과 도시를 함께 포함하는 디지털 연결성은 앨라배마의 다핵적 지역 구조를 잇는 새로운 정책 수단이 되고 있다.", "event_title_en": "Alabama BEAD Final Proposal Approved", "event_text_en": "Federal approval of Alabama’s final broadband plan and state project awards moved digital connectivity into a new implementation phase.", "event_summary_en": "The policy shows broadband joining roads, ports, and airports as an infrastructure layer supporting education, health care, business, and daily access.", "event_significance_en": "It provides official context showing that regional infrastructure policy continued to evolve after the latest statistical observation.", "event_regional_context_en": "Digital connectivity offers a new policy layer for linking urban and rural parts of Alabama’s multi-centered regional structure.", "event_title_es": "Aprobación de la propuesta final BEAD de Alabama", "event_text_es": "La aprobación federal del plan final de banda ancha de Alabama y las adjudicaciones estatales llevaron la conectividad digital a una nueva fase de implementación.", "event_summary_es": "La política muestra que la banda ancha se suma a carreteras, puertos y aeropuertos como una capa de infraestructura que sostiene educación, salud, empresas y acceso cotidiano.", "event_significance_es": "Aporta contexto oficial que muestra que la política regional de infraestructura siguió evolucionando después de la última observación estadística.", "event_regional_context_es": "La conectividad digital ofrece una nueva capa de política para enlazar las zonas urbanas y rurales de la estructura regional multicéntrica de Alabama.", "event_related_places": [ "Montgomery" ], "event_title": "Aprobación de la propuesta final BEAD de Alabama", "event_text": "La aprobación federal del plan final de banda ancha de Alabama y las adjudicaciones estatales llevaron la conectividad digital a una nueva fase de implementación." } ] } ], "places": [ { "category": "major_city", "name": "Montgomery", "source_name": "City of Montgomery", "source_url": "https://www.montgomeryal.gov/", "summary_ko": "앨라배마의 주도로 주 정부와 행정 기능이 집중된 중심 도시다. 강변 도시의 역사와 민권운동의 주요 장소들이 현재의 행정·문화 기능과 맞닿아 있다.", "summary_en": "Alabama’s capital concentrates state government and administrative functions. Its river-city history and major civil-rights sites connect the present-day civic center with a much longer regional story.", "summary_es": "La capital de Alabama concentra las funciones del gobierno estatal y la administración. Su historia como ciudad fluvial y sus principales sitios de derechos civiles conectan el centro cívico actual con una trayectoria regional mucho más larga.", "summary": "La capital de Alabama concentra las funciones del gobierno estatal y la administración. Su historia como ciudad fluvial y sus principales sitios de derechos civiles conectan el centro cívico actual con una trayectoria regional mucho más larga." }, { "category": "major_city", "name": "Huntsville", "source_name": "City of Huntsville", "source_url": "https://www.huntsvilleal.gov/about-huntsville-fun-and-fast-facts/", "summary_ko": "앨라배마에서 가장 인구가 많은 도시이자 우주·방위·첨단기술 기능이 집중된 북부 거점이다. Redstone Arsenal과 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center가 도시의 현대적 산업·연구 정체성에 큰 축을 이룬다.", "summary_en": "Huntsville is Alabama’s most populous city and a northern center for space, defense, and advanced technology. Redstone Arsenal and NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center are central to its modern research and industrial identity.", "summary_es": "Huntsville es la ciudad más poblada de Alabama y un centro del norte para el espacio, la defensa y la tecnología avanzada. Redstone Arsenal y el Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA son pilares de su identidad moderna de investigación e industria.", "summary": "Huntsville es la ciudad más poblada de Alabama y un centro del norte para el espacio, la defensa y la tecnología avanzada. Redstone Arsenal y el Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA son pilares de su identidad moderna de investigación e industria." }, { "category": "landmark", "name": "Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/bicr/faqs.htm", "summary_ko": "Birmingham의 민권운동 핵심 장소들을 보존·해설하는 국가기념물이다. A.G. Gaston Motel과 주변 장소는 지역의 인종분리 체제에 맞선 조직·시위·공공 행동의 역사를 보여준다.", "summary_en": "This national monument preserves and interprets core sites of Birmingham’s civil-rights struggle. The A.G. Gaston Motel and surrounding places connect local organizing and protest with the broader challenge to segregation.", "summary_es": "Este monumento nacional conserva e interpreta lugares centrales de la lucha por los derechos civiles en Birmingham. El A.G. Gaston Motel y los sitios cercanos conectan la organización y la protesta local con el desafío más amplio a la segregación.", "summary": "Este monumento nacional conserva e interpreta lugares centrales de la lucha por los derechos civiles en Birmingham. El A.G. Gaston Motel y los sitios cercanos conectan la organización y la protesta local con el desafío más amplio a la segregación." }, { "category": "historic_trail", "name": "Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/semo/learn/index.htm", "summary_ko": "Selma에서 Montgomery까지 이어진 투표권 행진의 경로와 장소를 보존하는 국가역사트레일이다. 지역의 도로와 도시 공간이 미국 투표권과 민권 제도 변화의 현장이 된 과정을 보여준다.", "summary_en": "The trail preserves the route and places associated with the voting-rights marches from Selma to Montgomery. It shows how Alabama roads and civic spaces became part of a national transformation in voting rights and civil rights.", "summary_es": "La ruta conserva el recorrido y los lugares vinculados con las marchas por el derecho al voto de Selma a Montgomery. Muestra cómo carreteras y espacios cívicos de Alabama pasaron a formar parte de una transformación nacional de los derechos políticos y civiles.", "summary": "La ruta conserva el recorrido y los lugares vinculados con las marchas por el derecho al voto de Selma a Montgomery. Muestra cómo carreteras y espacios cívicos de Alabama pasaron a formar parte de una transformación nacional de los derechos políticos y civiles." }, { "category": "historic_site", "name": "Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/tuai/index.htm", "summary_ko": "Tuskegee의 Moton Field에서 시작된 아프리카계 미국인 군 항공 인력의 훈련과 활동을 보존하는 국가사적지다. 군사 항공, 교육, 인종차별 극복의 역사를 한 장소에서 연결한다.", "summary_en": "The site preserves the story of African American military aviation training centered at Moton Field in Tuskegee. It connects military aviation, education, and the challenge to racial discrimination in one place.", "summary_es": "El sitio conserva la historia de la formación de aviación militar afroamericana centrada en Moton Field, en Tuskegee. Conecta la aviación militar, la educación y el desafío a la discriminación racial en un mismo lugar.", "summary": "El sitio conserva la historia de la formación de aviación militar afroamericana centrada en Moton Field, en Tuskegee. Conecta la aviación militar, la educación y el desafío a la discriminación racial en un mismo lugar." }, { "category": "education", "name": "The University of Alabama", "source_name": "The University of Alabama", "source_url": "https://www.ua.edu/about/history/", "summary_ko": "Tuscaloosa에 자리한 주의 대표 공립대학으로 교육·연구·공공서비스 기능을 수행한다. 초기 주립 고등교육의 형성과 이후 앨라배마의 교육·연구 기반을 이해하는 주요 기관이다.", "summary_en": "Based in Tuscaloosa, the state’s flagship public university combines teaching, research, and public service. Its long institutional history makes it an important anchor for understanding Alabama’s higher-education and research landscape.", "summary_es": "Con sede en Tuscaloosa, la universidad pública insignia del estado combina docencia, investigación y servicio público. Su larga historia institucional la convierte en un punto clave para comprender la educación superior y la investigación en Alabama.", "summary": "Con sede en Tuscaloosa, la universidad pública insignia del estado combina docencia, investigación y servicio público. Su larga historia institucional la convierte en un punto clave para comprender la educación superior y la investigación en Alabama." }, { "category": "port", "name": "Port of Mobile", "source_name": "Alabama Port Authority", "source_url": "https://alports.com/about/", "summary_ko": "Mobile의 해상 항만을 중심으로 수로·철도·도로 물류를 연결하는 주의 핵심 무역 인프라다. 걸프 연안의 해상 관문이라는 기능은 내륙 산업과 외부 시장을 잇는 지역 구조를 보여준다.", "summary_en": "Centered on Mobile, the port links maritime shipping with inland rail and road logistics as a major trade gateway. Its Gulf Coast position connects Alabama industries with domestic and international markets.", "summary_es": "Centrado en Mobile, el puerto enlaza el transporte marítimo con la logística ferroviaria y vial del interior como una gran puerta comercial. Su posición en la costa del Golfo conecta las industrias de Alabama con mercados nacionales e internacionales.", "summary": "Centrado en Mobile, el puerto enlaza el transporte marítimo con la logística ferroviaria y vial del interior como una gran puerta comercial. Su posición en la costa del Golfo conecta las industrias de Alabama con mercados nacionales e internacionales." }, { "category": "nature", "name": "Gulf State Park", "source_name": "Alabama State Parks", "source_url": "https://www.alapark.com/parks/gulf-state-park", "summary_ko": "앨라배마 걸프 연안의 해변·호수·습지·숲과 다양한 야외 활동을 함께 제공하는 주립공원이다. 해안 자연환경의 보전·교육·관광 기능을 지역 생활권과 연결한다.", "summary_en": "Gulf State Park brings together beaches, lakes, wetlands, forests, and outdoor recreation on Alabama’s Gulf Coast. It links coastal conservation and environmental education with a major visitor landscape.", "summary_es": "Gulf State Park reúne playas, lagos, humedales, bosques y recreación al aire libre en la costa del Golfo de Alabama. Conecta la conservación costera y la educación ambiental con un importante paisaje turístico.", "summary": "Gulf State Park reúne playas, lagos, humedales, bosques y recreación al aire libre en la costa del Golfo de Alabama. Conecta la conservación costera y la educación ambiental con un importante paisaje turístico." } ], "tables": [ { "table_id": "key_metrics", "title": "Key metrics", "columns": [ "metric", "latest_period", "latest_value", "unit", "first_period", "first_value", "change", "change_pct" ], "rows": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 1142809, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1272362, "change": -129553, "change_pct": -10.182086544552572 }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 1906213, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "1985", "first_value": 1475311, "change": 430902, "change_pct": 29.207536580422705 }, { "metric": "Población", "topic": "population", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 5086768, "unit": "persons", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 4747424, "change": 339344, "change_pct": 7.147960662456103 }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "topic": "income", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 63999, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 42934, "change": 21065, "change_pct": 49.06367913541715 }, { "metric": "Vivienda", "topic": "housing", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 209900, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 120800, "change": 89100, "change_pct": 73.75827814569537 }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "topic": "employment", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 4.699113560468065, "unit": "percent", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 9.607606458232857, "change": -4.908492897764791, "change_pct": -51.089654005953314 } ] }, { "table_id": "history", "title": "Historical observations", "columns": [ "period", "values" ], "rows": [ { "period": "2024", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1142809, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1906213, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 5086768, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 63999, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 209900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.699113560468065, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1111227, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1866307, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 5054253, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 62027, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 195100, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 4.816923279839472, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1048293, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1912683, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 5028092, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 59609, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 179400, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.152174360946664, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1075783, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1927979, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4997675, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 54943, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 157100, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.414068588819994, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1134743, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1795052, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4893186, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 52035, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 149600, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.582389039646306, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1185762, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1883805, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4876250, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 50536, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 142700, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 5.924926855108301, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1180328, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1912768, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4864680, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 48486, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 137200, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 6.648278391769149, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1175472, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1867808, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4850771, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 46472, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 132100, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 7.447025980458373, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1077495, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1895509, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4841164, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 44758, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 128500, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 8.285590324562632, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2015", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1208712, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1880806, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4830620, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 43623, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 125500, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.289268698344234, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1311335, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1929820, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4817678, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 43511, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 123800, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 10.214325046479297, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2013", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1401878, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1881861, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4799277, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 43253, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 122500, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 10.780747500215009, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1398031, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1862573, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4777326, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 43160, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 122300, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 10.2628893143265, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1354471, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1882109, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Población", "value": 4747424, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Ingreso mediano del hogar", "value": 42934, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 120800, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Tasa de desempleo", "value": 9.607606458232857, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1374287, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1906134, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1368693, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1749863, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2008", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1442777, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 1976589, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2007", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1380568, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 2067485, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2006", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1365004, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 2050932, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2005", "values": [ { "metric": "Producción de energía primaria", "value": 1434874, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Consumo total de energía", "value": 2018912, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] } ] } ], "sources": [ { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "metric": "Total primary energy production" }, { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "metric": "Total energy consumption" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "metric": "Population" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "metric": "Median household income" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "metric": "Median home value" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "metric": "Unemployment rate" } ], "narrative": "Alabama no se entiende bien desde una sola ciudad ni desde una sola estadística. Montgomery concentra el gobierno estatal, Huntsville reúne funciones espaciales y tecnológicas, Birmingham y Selma conservan lugares decisivos de la historia de los derechos civiles, Mobile conecta el estado con el comercio marítimo y la costa del Golfo aporta un paisaje ambiental y turístico propio. Leer población, ingresos, vivienda y empleo junto con esos lugares ofrece una visión regional más completa. Crecimiento demográfico en un estado con varios centros La población de Alabama aumenta durante toda la serie observada. No aparece una disminución interanual y, hacia la parte posterior, se observa un aumento mucho más amplio antes de volver a un ritmo más moderado. La dirección estatal es clara, pero la serie no identifica qué comunidades explican el crecimiento ni si este se distribuye de manera uniforme. La geografía de Alabama hace importante esa limitación. Montgomery funciona como capital gubernamental, Huntsville tiene un papel fuerte en espacio, defensa y tecnología, Birmingham sigue siendo un gran centro metropolitano con un legado industrial y de derechos civiles particular, y Mobile actúa como puerta marítima. Estos centros no cumplen las mismas funciones, por lo que el cambio estatal no debe interpretarse como la historia de una sola ciudad. La población establece la escala de la demanda de vivienda, transporte, escuelas, salud y servicios públicos. Incluso un crecimiento estatal moderado puede generar presiones locales mucho mayores cuando se concentra en corredores específicos o centros de empleo. Por eso conviene usar la serie estatal como base y mantener visible la geografía interna del estado. Ingreso de los hogares y valor de la vivienda en trayectorias ascendentes El ingreso mediano del hogar aumenta en cada año observado. Los incrementos iniciales son relativamente modestos y después aparecen avances más fuertes antes de que el ritmo vuelva a moderarse. La serie señala un aumento sostenido del ingreso nominal, pero los dólares nominales no equivalen al poder adquisitivo ajustado por inflación y la mediana no describe toda la distribución. El valor mediano de la vivienda también sube cada año, con una aceleración mucho más marcada hacia la parte final. Leer ambas medidas juntas es esencial porque sus efectos pueden diferir entre hogares. Los propietarios pueden ver aumentar su patrimonio mientras quienes desean comprar enfrentan mayores costos de entrada, y los inquilinos ni siquiera están descritos directamente por el valor de la vivienda. El contexto local vuelve a ser decisivo. La demanda alrededor de un centro tecnológico puede diferir de la de una capital administrativa, una zona metropolitana consolidada, un corredor portuario y manufacturero o una economía costera de visitantes. La mediana estatal refleja una dirección común, pero no reemplaza datos sobre alquileres, seguros, impuestos, calidad de vivienda o diferencias de precios locales. Descenso prolongado del desempleo después del máximo inicial La tasa de desempleo presenta una forma distinta de los otros indicadores centrales. Aumenta al comienzo, alcanza un máximo temprano y después disminuye en cada observación posterior. Esto crea un punto de giro claro seguido por una larga trayectoria descendente. En la parte final, las reducciones anuales suelen ser menores, pero la dirección no vuelve a cambiar. Leído junto con el aumento del ingreso de los hogares, el descenso del desempleo sugiere una mejora en una dimensión de las condiciones laborales. Aun así, no responde a todas las preguntas del mercado de trabajo. La tasa por sí sola no muestra participación laboral, crecimiento salarial, calidad del empleo, estabilidad sectorial ni diferencias entre áreas metropolitanas y rurales. La base laboral de Alabama también varía mucho por región. Las instituciones espaciales y de defensa de Huntsville, la actividad portuaria y logística de Mobile, las universidades, las instituciones públicas, la manufactura y los servicios crean mercados de trabajo distintos. La serie estatal es útil para la dirección general, pero la estructura que hay detrás exige observar estas funciones regionales. Derechos civiles, industria aeroespacial, puertos e instituciones La historia de los derechos civiles es uno de los hilos territoriales más fuertes de Alabama. El boicot de autobuses de Montgomery, la acción directa en Birmingham, las marchas por el voto entre Selma y Montgomery y los ataques contra los Freedom Riders convirtieron autobuses, carreteras, iglesias, moteles, parques y edificios cívicos en lugares de cambio institucional nacional. Tuskegee añade otra capa al conectar aviación, educación, servicio militar y resistencia a la discriminación. La industria aeroespacial y la logística forman otra capa de largo plazo. El Marshall Space Flight Center de la NASA ayudó a establecer a Huntsville como centro de ingeniería e investigación, mientras el aeropuerto reforzó el acceso de pasajeros y carga a larga distancia. En la costa del Golfo, el Puerto de Mobile enlaza el comercio marítimo con redes ferroviarias y viales del interior y crea otro tipo de conexión externa. La infraestructura natural y digital amplía aún más la historia regional. Gulf State Park muestra cómo ecosistemas costeros, recreación, educación y turismo forman parte de la geografía estatal. La política reciente de banda ancha incorpora el acceso digital como otra infraestructura de alcance estatal. En conjunto, estos activos muestran por qué el cambio demográfico y económico no puede reducirse a una sola industria o ciudad. Cómo leer juntos los indicadores y la línea temporal Población, ingreso, valor de la vivienda y desempleo responden a preguntas distintas. La población describe escala, el ingreso una parte de los recursos de los hogares, el valor de la vivienda una dimensión habitacional y patrimonial, y el desempleo un aspecto del acceso al mercado laboral. Que cambien en el mismo periodo no los convierte en medidas equivalentes. En Alabama, la población, el ingreso y el valor de la vivienda se mueven al alza mientras el desempleo baja después de su máximo temprano. Estas direcciones pueden coexistir sin significar que todos los hogares mejoren de la misma manera. Un fuerte aumento del valor de la vivienda puede crear dificultades de acceso incluso cuando suben los ingresos, y el ingreso nominal no permite por sí solo medir el poder adquisitivo real. La cronología histórica añade contexto sin transformar la coincidencia temporal en causalidad. Movimientos de derechos civiles, investigación espacial, puertos, aeropuertos, universidades, conservación natural y política de banda ancha describen instituciones y lugares que dan funciones diferentes a las regiones de Alabama. La serie estadística muestra la dirección del cambio y la historia regional explica el paisaje donde ese cambio ocurre. Fuentes US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ ¿Cuál es la dirección de largo plazo de la población de Alabama? La población aumenta en cada observación verificada. Destaca una aceleración posterior, pero la dirección general permanece consistentemente ascendente. ¿El aumento del ingreso significa que la vivienda se volvió más asequible? No necesariamente. El ingreso mediano del hogar aumenta, pero el valor mediano de la vivienda también sube cada año y acelera con fuerza hacia la parte final, por lo que ambas medidas deben leerse juntas. ¿Por qué incluir derechos civiles, industria aeroespacial y puertos en un Data Lab estadístico? Esos lugares e instituciones explican funciones regionales que las cifras estatales no muestran. Las estadísticas describen la dirección del cambio y la historia y la infraestructura aportan el contexto territorial e institucional. La serie verificada de Alabama combina crecimiento persistente de la población, aumento del ingreso de los hogares, incremento del valor de la vivienda y una larga disminución del desempleo después de un máximo temprano. El significado de estas tendencias se vuelve más claro al situarlas junto al papel gubernamental de Montgomery, el complejo espacial y tecnológico de Huntsville, los paisajes de derechos civiles de Birmingham, Selma y Tuskegee, la puerta marítima de Mobile y los activos naturales de la costa del Golfo. Datos e historia regional muestran juntos un estado formado por varios centros y varias capas de infraestructura." }