{ "contract": "GMI_DATALAB_PUBLIC_EXPORT_V1", "report_id": "RH-F716BBD684E54EAC", "region_id": "US-TX", "language": "en", "title": "Texas Population, Economy, Jobs & Key Trends | Data Lab", "url": "https://greenblog.co.kr/en/data-report/texas-population-economy-jobs-key-trends-data-lab/", "region": { "region_key": "us_tx", "region_id": "US-TX", "region_name": "Texas", "geo_level": "state" }, "region_profile": [ { "label": "Geography level", "value": "State" }, { "label": "Parent geography", "value": "United States" }, { "label": "Capital", "value": "Austin" }, { "label": "Largest city", "value": "Houston" }, { "label": "Time zone", "value": "Central Time and Mountain Time" }, { "label": "Latest population", "value": "30.19M" }, { "label": "Tracked indicators", "value": "6" }, { "label": "Observation period", "value": "1718–2026" } ], "coverage": { "period_start": "1718", "period_end": "2026" }, "template_id": "population_change", "metrics": [ { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "label": "Total primary energy production", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 9672367 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 9489989 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 9246694 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 9261471 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 9127870 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 9347155 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 9656270 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 10232753 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 11202831 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 10948804 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 11210133 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 12356185 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 13976122 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 15451195 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 17378716 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 17803013 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 16674534 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 17322825 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 20180426 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 23156153 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 23258603 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 23321712 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 25135027 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 26931690 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 28288241 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 9672367, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 28288241, "change": 18615874, "change_pct": 192.46451256450462 } }, { "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "label": "Total energy consumption", "topic": "energy", "unit": "Billion Btu", "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 12133169 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 11927025 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 12216726 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 12006763 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 12047529 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 11505194 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 11632230 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 11711410 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 11153070 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 10745559 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 11419098 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 11624313 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 11651252 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 12390011 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 12356868 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 12470311 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 12618418 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 12740600 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 13540565 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 13723614 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 12982203 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 13721691 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 13835706 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 14149656 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 14536890 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 12133169, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 14536890, "change": 2403721, "change_pct": 19.811155684059127 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "label": "Population", "topic": "population", "unit": "persons", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 24774187 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 25208897 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 25639373 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 26092033 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 26538614 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 26956435 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 27419612 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 27885195 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 28260856 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 28635442 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 28862581 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 29243342 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 29640343 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 30188424 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 24774187, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 30188424, "change": 5414237, "change_pct": 21.85434783389663 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "label": "Median household income", "topic": "income", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 50920 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 51563 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 51900 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 52576 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 53207 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 54727 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 57051 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 59570 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 61874 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 63826 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 67321 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 73035 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 76292 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 78476 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 50920, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 78476, "change": 27556, "change_pct": 54.11626080125688 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "label": "Median home value", "topic": "housing", "unit": "US dollars", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 126400 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 128000 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 128900 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 131400 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 136000 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 142700 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 151500 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 161700 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 172500 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 187200 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 202600 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 238000 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 260400 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 283800 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 126400, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 283800, "change": 157400, "change_pct": 124.5253164556962 } }, { "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "label": "Unemployment rate", "topic": "employment", "unit": "percent", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "observations": [ { "period": "2011", "value": 7.311236070838125 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 7.744373925319827 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 8.103248720150244 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 7.681453204800967 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 7.012493147567377 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 6.415745863144986 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 5.825222686995365 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 5.412091374011828 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 5.076663435621436 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 5.296687646094671 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 5.361879210152231 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 5.220116892750408 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 5.138052387322177 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 5.267566097307636 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 7.311236070838125, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 5.267566097307636, "change": -2.0436699735304886, "change_pct": -27.952455012114147 } } ], "timeline": [ { "year": "1718", "period": "1718", "label": "1718", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "settlement", "source_name": "Texas Historical Commission", "source_url": "https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5029004551", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "San Antonio 초기 정착과 Mission San Antonio de Valero 설립", "event_text_ko": "스페인 당국과 프란치스코회가 San Pedro Creek 일대에 Mission San Antonio de Valero와 초기 정착 기반을 세웠다.", "event_summary_ko": "1836년 독립 선언보다 훨씬 앞선 Spanish Texas의 도시·선교 정착 역사를 보여 주는 주요 이정표다.", "event_significance_ko": "San Antonio의 도시 기원이 선교·군사·수자원·정착 구조가 결합된 식민지 공간에서 형성됐음을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "San Pedro Springs와 creek, acequia 수로 체계는 초기 정착민·군인·선교 공동체의 생활 기반과 연결됐다.", "event_background_ko": "스페인 세력은 Texas 내부에 선교·군사 거점을 확대하면서 San Antonio 지역을 장기 정착지로 선택했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 San Antonio는 Texas의 주요 도시로 성장했지만 이 초기 정착 사건을 현대 경제지표의 직접 원인으로 보지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 에너지·인구·소득·주택·고용 시계열보다 수세기 앞선 사건이므로 역사적 배경으로만 연결한다.", "event_title_en": "San Antonio settlement and Mission San Antonio de Valero founded", "event_text_en": "Spanish authorities and Franciscan missionaries established Mission San Antonio de Valero and an early settlement base around San Pedro Creek.", "event_summary_en": "It is a major Spanish Texas milestone that extends the state timeline far earlier than the independence era of 1836.", "event_significance_en": "The event shows how San Antonio’s urban origins emerged from a colonial system combining mission, military, water, and settlement functions.", "event_regional_context_en": "San Pedro Springs, the creek, and the acequia system became part of the physical foundation for settlers, soldiers, and mission communities.", "event_background_en": "Spanish authorities expanded mission and military sites in Texas and selected the San Antonio area for sustained settlement.", "event_outcome_en": "San Antonio later developed into a major Texas city, but the early settlement is not treated as a direct cause of modern economic measures.", "event_data_context_en": "The event predates modern energy, population, income, housing, and employment series by centuries and is used only as historical context.", "event_title_es": "Fundación del asentamiento de San Antonio y Mission San Antonio de Valero", "event_text_es": "Las autoridades españolas y los franciscanos establecieron Mission San Antonio de Valero y una base de asentamiento temprano alrededor de San Pedro Creek.", "event_summary_es": "Es un gran hito del Texas español que amplía la cronología estatal mucho antes de la época de la independencia de 1836.", "event_significance_es": "El hecho muestra cómo los orígenes urbanos de San Antonio surgieron de un sistema colonial que combinaba misión, funciones militares, agua y asentamiento.", "event_regional_context_es": "San Pedro Springs, el arroyo y el sistema de acequias formaron parte de la base física para colonos, soldados y comunidades misioneras.", "event_background_es": "Las autoridades españolas ampliaron misiones y puestos militares en Texas y eligieron la zona de San Antonio para un asentamiento duradero.", "event_outcome_es": "San Antonio se convirtió después en una gran ciudad de Texas, pero el asentamiento temprano no se trata como causa directa de las medidas económicas modernas.", "event_data_context_es": "El hecho antecede por siglos a las series modernas de energía, población, ingreso, vivienda y empleo y se usa solo como contexto histórico.", "event_related_places": [ "San Antonio" ], "event_title": "San Antonio settlement and Mission San Antonio de Valero founded", "event_text": "Spanish authorities and Franciscan missionaries established Mission San Antonio de Valero and an early settlement base around San Pedro Creek." } ] }, { "year": "1836", "period": "1836", "label": "1836", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "administration", "source_name": "Texas State Library and Archives Commission", "source_url": "https://www.tsl.texas.gov/declaration-independence.html", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "텍사스 독립선언", "event_text_ko": "워싱턴온더브라조스의 대표들이 텍사스 독립선언을 채택하면서 텍사스 역사에서 공화국 시기가 시작됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "워싱턴온더브라조스의 대표들이 텍사스 독립선언을 채택하면서 텍사스 역사에서 공화국 시기가 시작됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "현대 통계보다 훨씬 앞선 텍사스의 정치적 정체성과 제도 형성을 이해하는 출발점이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Washington-on-the-Brazos와 주 기록문화, 역사 관광의 맥락을 연결한다.", "event_background_ko": "텍사스 지역의 정치적 갈등이 독립 공화국 수립으로 이어지던 시기였다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 공화국 시기를 거쳐 미국의 주로 편입되는 별도의 제도 단계가 이어졌다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 경제·인구 지표보다 앞선 사건이므로 현재 수치 변화의 직접 원인으로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Texas Declaration of Independence", "event_text_en": "Delegates at Washington-on-the-Brazos adopted the Texas Declaration of Independence, beginning the Republic-era chapter of Texas history.", "event_summary_en": "Delegates at Washington-on-the-Brazos adopted the Texas Declaration of Independence, beginning the Republic-era chapter of Texas history.", "event_significance_en": "It is a foundational milestone for Texas political identity and institutions long before modern statistics.", "event_regional_context_en": "It connects Washington-on-the-Brazos with the state’s archival heritage and historical tourism.", "event_background_en": "Political conflict in the region was moving toward the creation of an independent republic.", "event_outcome_en": "A distinct republic period followed before Texas later entered the United States as a state.", "event_data_context_en": "Because it predates the modern economic and demographic series, it is historical context rather than a direct cause of current metrics.", "event_title_es": "Declaración de Independencia de Texas", "event_text_es": "Los delegados reunidos en Washington-on-the-Brazos aprobaron la Declaración de Independencia de Texas, abriendo la etapa de la República.", "event_summary_es": "Los delegados reunidos en Washington-on-the-Brazos aprobaron la Declaración de Independencia de Texas, abriendo la etapa de la República.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito fundacional para la identidad política y las instituciones de Texas, muy anterior a las estadísticas modernas.", "event_regional_context_es": "Conecta Washington-on-the-Brazos con el patrimonio documental y el turismo histórico del estado.", "event_background_es": "El conflicto político de la región avanzaba hacia la creación de una república independiente.", "event_outcome_es": "Después siguió una etapa republicana diferenciada antes de la incorporación de Texas como estado de Estados Unidos.", "event_data_context_es": "Como es anterior a las series económicas y demográficas modernas, funciona como contexto histórico y no como causa directa de los indicadores actuales.", "event_related_places": [ "Washington-on-the-Brazos" ], "event_title": "Texas Declaration of Independence", "event_text": "Delegates at Washington-on-the-Brazos adopted the Texas Declaration of Independence, beginning the Republic-era chapter of Texas history." } ] }, { "year": "1845", "period": "1845", "label": "1845", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "administration", "source_name": "Texas State Library and Archives Commission", "source_url": "https://www.tsl.texas.gov/ref/abouttx/annexation/dec1845.html", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "텍사스의 미국 편입", "event_text_ko": "연방 합동결의에 따라 텍사스가 주로 편입되면서 공화국에서 미국의 주로 전환되는 과정이 마무리됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "연방 합동결의에 따라 텍사스가 주로 편입되면서 공화국에서 미국의 주로 전환되는 과정이 마무리됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "공화국에서 미국의 주로 전환된 사건으로 오늘날 주정부·연방정부 관계의 역사적 기준점이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Austin의 주정부 기능과 텍사스 행정체계의 장기 배경을 설명한다.", "event_background_ko": "독립 공화국 시기 이후 합병과 주 편입을 둘러싼 정치 절차가 이어졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "텍사스는 이후 미국 연방체계 안에서 주정부 제도를 운영하게 됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 지표와 직접 인과관계를 연결하지 않고 제도사의 배경으로 사용한다.", "event_title_en": "Texas admitted to the United States", "event_text_en": "A federal joint resolution admitted Texas as a state, ending the republic-to-state transition.", "event_summary_en": "A federal joint resolution admitted Texas as a state, ending the republic-to-state transition.", "event_significance_en": "The transition from republic to statehood is a core reference point for modern state and federal institutions.", "event_regional_context_en": "It provides long-run context for Austin’s governmental role and the state’s administrative structure.", "event_background_en": "The republic period was followed by a sequence of political steps concerning annexation and admission.", "event_outcome_en": "Texas thereafter operated its state institutions within the U.S. federal system.", "event_data_context_en": "It is used as institutional history rather than as a direct explanation for modern statistical changes.", "event_title_es": "Texas entra en Estados Unidos", "event_text_es": "Una resolución conjunta federal admitió a Texas como estado y cerró la transición desde la república.", "event_summary_es": "Una resolución conjunta federal admitió a Texas como estado y cerró la transición desde la república.", "event_significance_es": "La transición de república a estado es una referencia central para las instituciones estatales y federales modernas.", "event_regional_context_es": "Aporta contexto de largo plazo al papel gubernamental de Austin y a la estructura administrativa estatal.", "event_background_es": "Tras la etapa republicana siguió una secuencia de pasos políticos sobre anexión y admisión.", "event_outcome_es": "Desde entonces Texas organizó sus instituciones estatales dentro del sistema federal estadounidense.", "event_data_context_es": "Se utiliza como historia institucional y no como explicación directa de cambios estadísticos modernos.", "event_related_places": [ "Texas State Capitol", "Austin" ], "event_title": "Texas admitted to the United States", "event_text": "A federal joint resolution admitted Texas as a state, ending the republic-to-state transition." } ] }, { "year": "1901", "period": "1901", "label": "1901", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "industry", "source_name": "Texas Historical Commission", "source_url": "https://atlas.thc.texas.gov/Details/5245013118", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Spindletop 석유 발견", "event_text_ko": "보몬트 인근 Spindletop의 석유 발견은 텍사스 석유 생산과 걸프 연안 산업 성장의 대표적 전환점이 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "보몬트 인근 Spindletop의 석유 발견은 텍사스 석유 생산과 걸프 연안 산업 성장의 대표적 전환점이 됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "Spindletop은 텍사스 석유산업과 걸프 연안 산업 성장의 대표적 전환점이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "현대 에너지 생산지로서 텍사스를 이해하는 장기 산업 배경을 제공한다.", "event_background_ko": "걸프 연안에서는 항만·철도·자원개발이 결합된 산업 네트워크가 성장하고 있었다.", "event_outcome_ko": "Beaumont와 걸프 연안 석유산업 발전을 상징하는 사건으로 남았다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현재 EIA 시계열은 훨씬 뒤의 기간이므로 현대 생산 증가의 직접 원인으로 연결하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Spindletop oil discovery", "event_text_en": "The Spindletop discovery near Beaumont became a defining milestone in the rise of Texas petroleum production and Gulf Coast industry.", "event_summary_en": "The Spindletop discovery near Beaumont became a defining milestone in the rise of Texas petroleum production and Gulf Coast industry.", "event_significance_en": "Spindletop is a defining turning point in Texas petroleum history and Gulf Coast industrial development.", "event_regional_context_en": "It gives long-run industrial context for understanding Texas as a major energy-producing state.", "event_background_en": "Ports, railways and resource extraction were increasingly linked across the Gulf Coast industrial network.", "event_outcome_en": "It became a lasting symbol of Beaumont and Gulf Coast petroleum development.", "event_data_context_en": "The connected EIA series begins much later, so the event is not presented as a direct cause of modern production growth.", "event_title_es": "Descubrimiento petrolero de Spindletop", "event_text_es": "El descubrimiento de Spindletop cerca de Beaumont se convirtió en un hito decisivo para el auge del petróleo texano y la industria de la costa del Golfo.", "event_summary_es": "El descubrimiento de Spindletop cerca de Beaumont se convirtió en un hito decisivo para el auge del petróleo texano y la industria de la costa del Golfo.", "event_significance_es": "Spindletop es un punto de giro decisivo en la historia petrolera de Texas y el desarrollo industrial de la costa del Golfo.", "event_regional_context_es": "Aporta contexto industrial de largo plazo para entender Texas como gran estado productor de energía.", "event_background_es": "Puertos, ferrocarriles y extracción de recursos estaban cada vez más conectados en la red industrial de la costa del Golfo.", "event_outcome_es": "Se convirtió en un símbolo duradero de Beaumont y del desarrollo petrolero de la costa del Golfo.", "event_data_context_es": "La serie conectada de EIA comienza mucho después, por lo que el acontecimiento no se presenta como causa directa del crecimiento moderno de producción.", "event_related_places": [ "Spindletop", "Beaumont" ], "event_title": "Spindletop oil discovery", "event_text": "The Spindletop discovery near Beaumont became a defining milestone in the rise of Texas petroleum production and Gulf Coast industry." } ] }, { "year": "1914", "period": "1914", "label": "1914", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "port", "source_name": "Port Houston", "source_url": "https://porthouston.com/about/our-port/background-history/", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Houston Ship Channel 심수 항로 개통", "event_text_ko": "Houston Ship Channel의 준설과 확장이 마무리되고 Turning Basin에서 개통이 공식적으로 기념되면서 Houston은 Gulf of Mexico와 연결되는 심수 항만 기능을 갖추게 됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 개통은 Houston의 항만·물류 기능이 장기적으로 성장하는 기반이 된 대표적인 인프라 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "심수 항로는 대형 선박 접근과 해상 교역을 가능하게 하며 Gulf Coast의 항만·산업 입지 형성에 중요한 제도·인프라 배경을 제공했다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Houston과 Gulf Coast는 오늘날에도 항만, 에너지, 석유화학, 물류가 결합된 지역 체계로 이해할 수 있으며 이 사건은 그 장기 형성 과정을 보여 준다.", "event_background_ko": "Houston의 지도자들은 깊은 항로가 지역 교역에 필요하다고 보고 연방정부와 지역이 비용을 분담하는 방식으로 수로 개선을 추진했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "개통 이후 수로와 항만 시설은 여러 차례 확장되며 Houston의 교역·산업 네트워크에서 지속적인 역할을 맡았다.", "event_data_context_ko": "이 사건은 현재 제공된 주요 통계 시계열보다 훨씬 앞선 역사적 맥락이므로 뒤의 지표 움직임을 직접 설명하는 근거로 사용하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Houston Ship Channel opens as a deep-water port", "event_text_en": "Completion of the channel work and the formal opening ceremony at the Turning Basin gave Houston a deep-water port connection to the Gulf of Mexico.", "event_summary_en": "The opening is a major infrastructure milestone in the long-run development of Houston as a port and logistics center.", "event_significance_en": "Deep-water access supported ocean-going commerce and became an important institutional and infrastructure foundation for Gulf Coast port and industrial development.", "event_regional_context_en": "Houston and the Gulf Coast remain a regional system where ports, energy, petrochemicals and logistics intersect, and this event helps explain the long formation of that geography.", "event_background_en": "Houston leaders argued that deeper navigation was necessary for regional commerce and advanced a cost-sharing approach between local interests and the federal government.", "event_outcome_en": "The channel and port facilities were expanded repeatedly after opening and continued to serve as a central part of Houston’s trade and industrial network.", "event_data_context_en": "This event predates the supplied core statistical series by many decades, so it is not used as a direct explanation for later metric movements.", "event_title_es": "Apertura del Houston Ship Channel como puerto de aguas profundas", "event_text_es": "La culminación de las obras del canal y la ceremonia oficial en Turning Basin dieron a Houston una conexión portuaria de aguas profundas con el Golfo de México.", "event_summary_es": "La apertura es un hito de infraestructura clave en el desarrollo de largo plazo de Houston como centro portuario y logístico.", "event_significance_es": "El acceso de aguas profundas favoreció el comercio marítimo y se convirtió en una base institucional y de infraestructura para el desarrollo portuario e industrial de la costa del Golfo.", "event_regional_context_es": "Houston y la costa del Golfo siguen formando un sistema regional donde se cruzan puertos, energía, petroquímica y logística; este hecho ayuda a entender la formación histórica de esa geografía.", "event_background_es": "Los dirigentes de Houston consideraron necesario un canal más profundo para el comercio regional e impulsaron un esquema de costos compartidos entre actores locales y el gobierno federal.", "event_outcome_es": "Después de la apertura, el canal y las instalaciones portuarias se ampliaron repetidamente y siguieron siendo una parte central de la red comercial e industrial de Houston.", "event_data_context_es": "Este acontecimiento es muy anterior a las series estadísticas principales suministradas, por lo que no se utiliza como explicación directa de movimientos posteriores.", "event_related_places": [ "Port Houston", "Houston" ], "event_title": "Houston Ship Channel opens as a deep-water port", "event_text": "Completion of the channel work and the formal opening ceremony at the Turning Basin gave Houston a deep-water port connection to the Gulf of Mexico." } ] }, { "year": "1944", "period": "1944", "label": "1944", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "conservation", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/bibe/learn/historyculture/tgttn.htm", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "빅벤드 국립공원 설립", "event_text_ko": "빅벤드가 국립공원으로 설립되면서 텍사스 서부의 대표적인 사막·산악 경관이 장기적인 연방 보호체계에 들어갔다.", "event_summary_ko": "빅벤드가 국립공원으로 설립되면서 텍사스 서부의 대표적인 사막·산악 경관이 장기적인 연방 보호체계에 들어갔다.", "event_significance_ko": "서부 텍사스의 자연환경·보전·관광을 이해하는 대표적 제도 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "텍사스가 대도시·에너지 산업뿐 아니라 대규모 자연보호지역도 가진 주임을 보여준다.", "event_background_ko": "주정부의 토지 확보와 연방정부 이관을 거쳐 국립공원 설립이 가능해졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "Big Bend는 미국 국립공원 체계의 대표적인 Chihuahuan Desert 보호지역으로 자리잡았다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 인구·주택·에너지 지표의 직접 원인이 아니라 자연환경과 관광의 장기 배경으로 사용한다.", "event_title_en": "Big Bend National Park established", "event_text_en": "Big Bend became a national park, securing long-term federal protection for a major West Texas desert and mountain landscape.", "event_summary_en": "Big Bend became a national park, securing long-term federal protection for a major West Texas desert and mountain landscape.", "event_significance_en": "It is a defining institutional milestone for conservation, tourism and landscape protection in West Texas.", "event_regional_context_en": "It highlights a Texas identity that includes large protected landscapes alongside cities and energy development.", "event_background_en": "State land acquisition and transfer to the federal government made the national park possible.", "event_outcome_en": "Big Bend became a defining Chihuahuan Desert protected landscape in the National Park System.", "event_data_context_en": "It is environmental and tourism context rather than a direct explanation of modern population, housing or energy metrics.", "event_title_es": "Creación de Big Bend National Park", "event_text_es": "Big Bend se convirtió en parque nacional, asegurando protección federal de largo plazo para un gran paisaje desértico y montañoso del oeste de Texas.", "event_summary_es": "Big Bend se convirtió en parque nacional, asegurando protección federal de largo plazo para un gran paisaje desértico y montañoso del oeste de Texas.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito institucional clave para conservación, turismo y protección del paisaje en el oeste de Texas.", "event_regional_context_es": "Muestra una identidad de Texas que incluye grandes paisajes protegidos junto con ciudades y desarrollo energético.", "event_background_es": "La adquisición de tierras por el estado y su transferencia al gobierno federal hicieron posible el parque nacional.", "event_outcome_es": "Big Bend se consolidó como un paisaje protegido emblemático del desierto de Chihuahua dentro del sistema de parques nacionales.", "event_data_context_es": "Es contexto ambiental y turístico, no una explicación directa de los indicadores modernos de población, vivienda o energía.", "event_related_places": [ "Big Bend National Park" ], "event_title": "Big Bend National Park established", "event_text": "Big Bend became a national park, securing long-term federal protection for a major West Texas desert and mountain landscape." } ] }, { "year": "1961", "period": "1961", "label": "1961", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "research", "source_name": "NASA", "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/johnson/", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "휴스턴 유인우주비행 거점 설립", "event_text_ko": "NASA가 휴스턴에 훗날 존슨우주센터가 되는 거점을 세우면서 텍사스에 장기적인 유인우주비행·연구 기반이 형성됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "NASA가 휴스턴에 훗날 존슨우주센터가 되는 거점을 세우면서 텍사스에 장기적인 유인우주비행·연구 기반이 형성됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "Houston의 경제 정체성이 에너지뿐 아니라 항공우주·연구·첨단기술과 연결되는 계기가 됐다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Houston 남동부의 연구·교육·산업 네트워크를 이해하는 핵심 기관 형성 사건이다.", "event_background_ko": "미국 유인 우주프로그램 확대에 따라 새로운 연구·훈련·임무통제 시설이 필요해졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "Johnson Space Center는 미국 유인우주비행의 임무통제와 우주비행사 훈련 중심으로 발전했다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 경제지표의 단일 원인으로 사용하지 않고 산업 다변화의 지역 배경으로 해석한다.", "event_title_en": "Houston human-spaceflight center founded", "event_text_en": "NASA established the Houston center that became Johnson Space Center, creating a lasting human-spaceflight and research anchor for Texas.", "event_summary_en": "NASA established the Houston center that became Johnson Space Center, creating a lasting human-spaceflight and research anchor for Texas.", "event_significance_en": "It helped tie Houston’s economic identity not only to energy but also to aerospace, research and advanced technology.", "event_regional_context_en": "It is central to understanding the research, education and industrial network of southeast Houston.", "event_background_en": "Expansion of the U.S. human-spaceflight program created a need for new research, training and mission-control facilities.", "event_outcome_en": "Johnson Space Center developed into a major center for mission control and astronaut training.", "event_data_context_en": "It is treated as regional context for industrial diversification, not as a single cause of modern economic metrics.", "event_title_es": "Se funda el centro de vuelos tripulados de Houston", "event_text_es": "La NASA estableció en Houston el centro que se convertiría en Johnson Space Center, creando un polo duradero de vuelos tripulados e investigación en Texas.", "event_summary_es": "La NASA estableció en Houston el centro que se convertiría en Johnson Space Center, creando un polo duradero de vuelos tripulados e investigación en Texas.", "event_significance_es": "Ayudó a vincular la identidad económica de Houston no solo con energía, sino también con aeroespacio, investigación y tecnología avanzada.", "event_regional_context_es": "Es central para comprender la red de investigación, educación e industria del sureste de Houston.", "event_background_es": "La expansión del programa estadounidense de vuelos tripulados creó la necesidad de nuevas instalaciones de investigación, formación y control de misiones.", "event_outcome_es": "Johnson Space Center se convirtió en un gran centro de control de misiones y formación de astronautas.", "event_data_context_es": "Se interpreta como contexto regional de diversificación industrial y no como causa única de indicadores económicos modernos.", "event_related_places": [ "NASA Johnson Space Center", "Houston" ], "event_title": "Houston human-spaceflight center founded", "event_text": "NASA established the Houston center that became Johnson Space Center, creating a lasting human-spaceflight and research anchor for Texas." } ] }, { "year": "1974", "period": "1974", "label": "1974", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "airport", "source_name": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport", "source_url": "https://www.dfwairport.com/business/about/facts/", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "DFW 국제공항 운영 시작", "event_text_ko": "댈러스 포트워스 국제공항이 운영을 시작하면서 북텍사스의 장거리 교통과 항공 연결을 담당하는 핵심 거점이 형성됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "댈러스 포트워스 국제공항이 운영을 시작하면서 북텍사스의 장거리 교통과 항공 연결을 담당하는 핵심 거점이 형성됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "North Texas의 항공·물류·비즈니스 네트워크를 재편한 핵심 교통 인프라 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Dallas–Fort Worth 광역권의 공간 구조를 이해하는 대표 교통 거점이다.", "event_background_ko": "Dallas와 Fort Worth 사이의 광역 성장에는 두 도시권을 연결하는 대규모 항공 인프라가 필요했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "공항은 이후 North Texas의 국제 항공과 물류를 대표하는 시설로 발전했다.", "event_data_context_ko": "주 전체 인구·소득 증가와 단일 공항 사건을 직접 인과로 연결하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "DFW International Airport begins operations", "event_text_en": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport began operations and became a long-run transport anchor for North Texas.", "event_summary_en": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport began operations and became a long-run transport anchor for North Texas.", "event_significance_en": "It is a major transport milestone in the development of North Texas aviation, logistics and business networks.", "event_regional_context_en": "It is a defining transport anchor in the spatial structure of the Dallas–Fort Worth region.", "event_background_en": "Metropolitan growth between Dallas and Fort Worth created a need for large-scale aviation infrastructure linking the two urban systems.", "event_outcome_en": "The airport developed into a defining international aviation and logistics hub for North Texas.", "event_data_context_en": "The airport is metropolitan context rather than a single direct cause of statewide population or income growth.", "event_title_es": "Comienza a operar el aeropuerto DFW", "event_text_es": "El Aeropuerto Internacional de Dallas Fort Worth inició operaciones y se convirtió en un eje duradero de transporte para el norte de Texas.", "event_summary_es": "El Aeropuerto Internacional de Dallas Fort Worth inició operaciones y se convirtió en un eje duradero de transporte para el norte de Texas.", "event_significance_es": "Es un gran hito de transporte en el desarrollo de las redes de aviación, logística y negocios del norte de Texas.", "event_regional_context_es": "Es un nodo de transporte definitorio de la estructura espacial de Dallas–Fort Worth.", "event_background_es": "El crecimiento metropolitano entre Dallas y Fort Worth generó la necesidad de una gran infraestructura aérea que conectara ambos sistemas urbanos.", "event_outcome_es": "El aeropuerto se desarrolló como un nodo internacional de aviación y logística emblemático del norte de Texas.", "event_data_context_es": "El aeropuerto es contexto metropolitano y no una causa directa única del crecimiento estatal de población o ingresos.", "event_related_places": [ "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport", "Dallas", "Fort Worth" ], "event_title": "DFW International Airport begins operations", "event_text": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport began operations and became a long-run transport anchor for North Texas." } ] }, { "year": "1999", "period": "1999", "label": "1999", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "policy", "source_name": "Texas Legislature Online", "source_url": "https://capitol.texas.gov/billlookup/BillSummary.aspx?Bill=SB7&LegSess=76R", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Texas 전력산업 구조개편법 제정", "event_text_ko": "Texas 의회는 전력산업 구조를 재편하고 발전·소매 경쟁을 위한 제도적 틀을 마련하는 법률을 제정했다.", "event_summary_ko": "이 법은 이후 소매 전력 경쟁 체계로 이어지는 제도적 전환의 출발점으로 볼 수 있다.", "event_significance_ko": "전력 생산·판매 구조와 규제 역할을 재정비하면서 Texas 전력시장의 장기적인 제도 구성을 바꾸는 정책 기반을 만들었다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Texas는 자체 전력시장 구조와 ERCOT 중심의 운영 특성이 있어 전력정책이 에너지·산업·가계 환경을 이해하는 중요한 지역 맥락이 된다.", "event_background_ko": "주 의회는 기존 유틸리티 구조를 재편하고 경쟁 도입과 소비자 보호, 신뢰도 기준을 함께 다루는 법적 틀을 마련했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 Texas의 많은 지역에서 소매 전력 선택이 시행됐으며, 후속 정책은 시장 운영과 신뢰도 문제를 별도로 다뤘다.", "event_data_context_ko": "이 정책은 장기 제도 변화의 배경으로 사용하며 현재 제공된 에너지·고용·가계 지표의 움직임을 단독으로 설명하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Texas enacts electric-utility restructuring", "event_text_en": "The Texas Legislature enacted a law restructuring the electric-utility industry and establishing a framework for competition in generation and retail electricity.", "event_summary_en": "The law is an institutional starting point for the later retail-electricity competition framework.", "event_significance_en": "It reorganized the roles of electricity production, retail sales and regulation, creating the policy foundation for a different long-run market structure.", "event_regional_context_en": "Texas has a distinctive electricity-market structure centered on ERCOT, making electricity policy an important part of the regional context for energy, industry and households.", "event_background_en": "The legislature created a legal framework addressing utility restructuring, competition, consumer protections and reliability responsibilities.", "event_outcome_en": "Retail electricity choice later began across much of Texas, while subsequent policies addressed market operation and reliability as separate issues.", "event_data_context_en": "The policy is used as long-run institutional context and not as a stand-alone explanation for movements in the supplied energy, labor or household measures.", "event_title_es": "Texas aprueba la reestructuración del sector eléctrico", "event_text_es": "La Legislatura de Texas aprobó una ley para reestructurar el sector eléctrico y establecer un marco de competencia en generación y venta minorista de electricidad.", "event_summary_es": "La ley es un punto de partida institucional para el posterior marco de competencia minorista de electricidad.", "event_significance_es": "Reorganizó las funciones de producción, venta minorista y regulación, creando la base política para una estructura de mercado distinta a largo plazo.", "event_regional_context_es": "Texas posee una estructura de mercado eléctrico distintiva centrada en ERCOT, por lo que la política eléctrica es un contexto regional importante para energía, industria y hogares.", "event_background_es": "La legislatura creó un marco legal que abordó la reestructuración de empresas eléctricas, la competencia, la protección del consumidor y las responsabilidades de confiabilidad.", "event_outcome_es": "La elección minorista de electricidad comenzó posteriormente en gran parte de Texas, mientras políticas posteriores abordaron por separado la operación del mercado y la confiabilidad.", "event_data_context_es": "La política se utiliza como contexto institucional de largo plazo y no como explicación única de los movimientos en los indicadores suministrados de energía, trabajo u hogares.", "event_related_places": [ "Austin" ], "event_title": "Texas enacts electric-utility restructuring", "event_text": "The Texas Legislature enacted a law restructuring the electric-utility industry and establishing a framework for competition in generation and retail electricity." } ] }, { "period": "2001", "year": "2001", "month": "", "label": "2001", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9489989, "previous_value": 9672367, "delta": -182378, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11927025, "previous_value": 12133169, "delta": -206144, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2002", "year": "2002", "month": "", "label": "2002", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9246694, "previous_value": 9489989, "delta": -243295, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12216726, "previous_value": 11927025, "delta": 289701, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "economic_policy", "source_name": "Public Utility Commission of Texas", "source_url": "https://ftp.puc.texas.gov/public/puct-info/industry/electric/reports/scope/2007/2007scope_elec.pdf", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Texas 전력 소매 경쟁 시작", "event_text_ko": "Texas의 다수 ERCOT 지역에서 전력 소매 경쟁 제도가 시행되며 소비자가 경쟁 소매업체를 선택할 수 있는 시장 구조가 시작됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Texas 전력시장 구조를 장기적으로 바꾼 중요한 규제·시장 제도 변화다.", "event_significance_ko": "대규모 에너지 생산주인 Texas에서 생산량뿐 아니라 전력 판매·소비 시장의 제도 변화도 중요하다는 점을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "경쟁 도입 범위는 ERCOT와 기타 전력지역의 제도 차이 때문에 Texas 전역에서 동일하지 않았다.", "event_background_ko": "Texas는 전력산업 구조개편을 거쳐 발전·송전·소매의 역할을 재정비하고 경쟁 소매시장을 단계적으로 도입했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "전력 소매시장의 변화가 이후 에너지 소비나 가격에 어떤 영향을 주었는지는 별도의 시장·가격 자료로 평가해야 한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현재 에너지 시계열에 포함되는 시기지만 제도 시행과 생산·소비 변화의 인과관계는 자동으로 두지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Retail electric competition begins in much of Texas", "event_text_en": "Retail electric competition began across much of the ERCOT region, allowing many Texas customers to choose among competing retail electricity providers.", "event_summary_en": "It is a major regulatory and market-structure milestone in the long-term evolution of Texas electricity.", "event_significance_en": "For a major energy-producing state, the milestone shows that market rules for electricity sales and consumption matter alongside physical energy production.", "event_regional_context_en": "Implementation was not identical statewide because ERCOT and other power regions followed different regulatory paths.", "event_background_en": "Texas restructured parts of the electricity industry and introduced competitive retail service through a phased regulatory transition.", "event_outcome_en": "Any effect on later consumption or prices requires separate market and price evidence and is not inferred from the policy change alone.", "event_data_context_en": "The policy falls within the energy time series, but its timing is not treated as proof that it caused later production or consumption changes.", "event_title_es": "Comienza la competencia minorista de electricidad en gran parte de Texas", "event_text_es": "La competencia minorista de electricidad comenzó en gran parte de la región ERCOT y permitió que muchos clientes de Texas eligieran entre proveedores minoristas competidores.", "event_summary_es": "Es un importante hito regulatorio y de estructura de mercado en la evolución de largo plazo de la electricidad en Texas.", "event_significance_es": "Para un gran estado productor de energía, el hito muestra que las reglas del mercado eléctrico importan junto con la producción física de energía.", "event_regional_context_es": "La aplicación no fue idéntica en todo el estado porque ERCOT y otras regiones eléctricas siguieron caminos regulatorios diferentes.", "event_background_es": "Texas reestructuró partes de la industria eléctrica e introdujo el servicio minorista competitivo mediante una transición regulatoria gradual.", "event_outcome_es": "Cualquier efecto posterior sobre consumo o precios requiere datos separados de mercado y precios y no se deduce solo del cambio regulatorio.", "event_data_context_es": "La política se encuentra dentro de la serie energética, pero su fecha no se considera prueba de que causara cambios posteriores de producción o consumo.", "event_title": "Retail electric competition begins in much of Texas", "event_text": "Retail electric competition began across much of the ERCOT region, allowing many Texas customers to choose among competing retail electricity providers." } ] }, { "period": "2003", "year": "2003", "month": "", "label": "2003", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9261471, "previous_value": 9246694, "delta": 14777, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12006763, "previous_value": 12216726, "delta": -209963, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2004", "year": "2004", "month": "", "label": "2004", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9127870, "previous_value": 9261471, "delta": -133601, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12047529, "previous_value": 12006763, "delta": 40766, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2005", "year": "2005", "month": "", "label": "2005", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9347155, "previous_value": 9127870, "delta": 219285, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11505194, "previous_value": 12047529, "delta": -542335, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2006", "year": "2006", "month": "", "label": "2006", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9656270, "previous_value": 9347155, "delta": 309115, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11632230, "previous_value": 11505194, "delta": 127036, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2007", "year": "2007", "month": "", "label": "2007", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 10232753, "previous_value": 9656270, "delta": 576483, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11711410, "previous_value": 11632230, "delta": 79180, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2008", "year": "2008", "month": "", "label": "2008", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 11202831, "previous_value": 10232753, "delta": 970078, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11153070, "previous_value": 11711410, "delta": -558340, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "year": "2009", "month": "", "label": "2009", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 10948804, "previous_value": 11202831, "delta": -254027, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 10745559, "previous_value": 11153070, "delta": -407511, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "year": "2010", "month": "", "label": "2010", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 11210133, "previous_value": 10948804, "delta": 261329, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11419098, "previous_value": 10745559, "delta": 673539, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "year": "2011", "month": "", "label": "2011", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 12356185, "previous_value": 11210133, "delta": 1146052, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11624313, "previous_value": 11419098, "delta": 205215, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "year": "2012", "month": "", "label": "2012", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 13976122, "previous_value": 12356185, "delta": 1619937, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11651252, "previous_value": 11624313, "delta": 26939, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 25208897, "previous_value": 24774187, "delta": 434710, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 51563, "previous_value": 50920, "delta": 643, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 128000, "previous_value": 126400, "delta": 1600, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.744373925319827, "previous_value": 7.311236070838125, "delta": 0.4331378544817026, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2013", "year": "2013", "month": "", "label": "2013", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 15451195, "previous_value": 13976122, "delta": 1475073, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12390011, "previous_value": 11651252, "delta": 738759, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 25639373, "previous_value": 25208897, "delta": 430476, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 51900, "previous_value": 51563, "delta": 337, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 128900, "previous_value": 128000, "delta": 900, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 8.103248720150244, "previous_value": 7.744373925319827, "delta": 0.35887479483041673, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "year": "2014", "month": "", "label": "2014", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17378716, "previous_value": 15451195, "delta": 1927521, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12356868, "previous_value": 12390011, "delta": -33143, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 26092033, "previous_value": 25639373, "delta": 452660, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 52576, "previous_value": 51900, "delta": 676, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 131400, "previous_value": 128900, "delta": 2500, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.681453204800967, "previous_value": 8.103248720150244, "delta": -0.4217955153492774, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "transport", "source_name": "Dallas Area Rapid Transit", "source_url": "https://www.dart.org/about/news-and-events/newsreleases/newsrelease-detail/dfw-airport-station-connects-dart-to-the-world-1152", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "DART 철도 DFW 공항 연결", "event_text_ko": "Orange Line 연장 구간이 DFW 공항까지 개통되면서 공항과 댈러스 대중교통망 사이에 직접 철도 연결이 마련됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Orange Line 연장 구간이 DFW 공항까지 개통되면서 공항과 댈러스 대중교통망 사이에 직접 철도 연결이 마련됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "공항과 도시철도가 직접 연결되며 광역권 대중교통 구조가 한 단계 확장됐다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Dallas·Irving·DFW Airport를 잇는 이동축의 통합을 보여준다.", "event_background_ko": "North Texas에서는 공항과 주요 도시·고용 거점을 연결하는 철도망 확장이 이어졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "항공 이용객과 공항 종사자에게 도시철도 이동 선택지가 추가됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기 소득·주택·인구 변화의 직접 원인으로 간주하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "DART rail reaches DFW Airport", "event_text_en": "The Orange Line extension opened to DFW Airport, adding a direct rail link between the airport and the Dallas transit network.", "event_summary_en": "The Orange Line extension opened to DFW Airport, adding a direct rail link between the airport and the Dallas transit network.", "event_significance_en": "Direct airport rail access marked a significant expansion of the metropolitan public-transport network.", "event_regional_context_en": "It reflects deeper integration of the Dallas, Irving and DFW Airport travel corridor.", "event_background_en": "North Texas had been expanding rail connections among major cities, employment centers and the airport.", "event_outcome_en": "Travelers and airport workers gained a direct urban rail option.", "event_data_context_en": "It is not treated as a direct cause of statewide income, housing or population changes in the same period.", "event_title_es": "El tren de DART llega al aeropuerto DFW", "event_text_es": "La ampliación de la Orange Line llegó al aeropuerto DFW y añadió una conexión ferroviaria directa con la red de transporte de Dallas.", "event_summary_es": "La ampliación de la Orange Line llegó al aeropuerto DFW y añadió una conexión ferroviaria directa con la red de transporte de Dallas.", "event_significance_es": "El acceso ferroviario directo al aeropuerto marcó una expansión importante de la red metropolitana de transporte público.", "event_regional_context_es": "Refleja una mayor integración del corredor de movilidad entre Dallas, Irving y DFW Airport.", "event_background_es": "El norte de Texas venía ampliando conexiones ferroviarias entre ciudades, centros de empleo y el aeropuerto.", "event_outcome_es": "Viajeros y trabajadores del aeropuerto obtuvieron una opción ferroviaria urbana directa.", "event_data_context_es": "No se considera causa directa de los cambios estatales de ingresos, vivienda o población del mismo periodo.", "event_related_places": [ "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport", "DFW Airport Station" ], "event_title": "DART rail reaches DFW Airport", "event_text": "The Orange Line extension opened to DFW Airport, adding a direct rail link between the airport and the Dallas transit network." } ] }, { "period": "2015", "year": "2015", "month": "", "label": "2015", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17803013, "previous_value": 17378716, "delta": 424297, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12470311, "previous_value": 12356868, "delta": 113443, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 26538614, "previous_value": 26092033, "delta": 446581, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 53207, "previous_value": 52576, "delta": 631, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 136000, "previous_value": 131400, "delta": 4600, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.012493147567377, "previous_value": 7.681453204800967, "delta": -0.6689600572335896, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "year": "2016", "month": "", "label": "2016", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 16674534, "previous_value": 17803013, "delta": -1128479, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12618418, "previous_value": 12470311, "delta": 148107, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 26956435, "previous_value": 26538614, "delta": 417821, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 54727, "previous_value": 53207, "delta": 1520, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 142700, "previous_value": 136000, "delta": 6700, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 6.415745863144986, "previous_value": 7.012493147567377, "delta": -0.5967472844223911, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "year": "2017", "month": "", "label": "2017", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17322825, "previous_value": 16674534, "delta": 648291, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12740600, "previous_value": 12618418, "delta": 122182, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 27419612, "previous_value": 26956435, "delta": 463177, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 57051, "previous_value": 54727, "delta": 2324, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 151500, "previous_value": 142700, "delta": 8800, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.825222686995365, "previous_value": 6.415745863144986, "delta": -0.5905231761496212, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "disaster", "source_name": "National Weather Service", "source_url": "https://www.weather.gov/hgx/major_events", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "허리케인 Harvey의 텍사스 피해", "event_text_ko": "허리케인 Harvey는 텍사스 해안과 남동부 일부 지역에 극심한 강우와 대규모 홍수를 일으킨 중대한 지역 재난이었다.", "event_summary_ko": "허리케인 Harvey는 텍사스 해안과 남동부 일부 지역에 극심한 강우와 대규모 홍수를 일으킨 중대한 지역 재난이었다.", "event_significance_ko": "해안도시·주거·교통·산업 인프라의 기상 재해 노출을 보여주는 대표 사건이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Houston과 걸프 연안의 홍수위험·재난복구·인프라 회복력 논의의 핵심 배경이다.", "event_background_ko": "텍사스 걸프 연안은 대규모 도시권, 항만, 산업시설과 주거지역이 함께 밀집한 공간이다.", "event_outcome_ko": "재난 이후 복구와 홍수 대응은 여러 정부기관과 지역사회가 장기적으로 다루는 과제가 됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기의 주택·인구·소득 변화가 Harvey 하나로 설명된다고 보지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Hurricane Harvey impacts Texas", "event_text_en": "Hurricane Harvey brought extreme rainfall and catastrophic flooding to parts of the Texas coast and southeast Texas, becoming a major regional disaster.", "event_summary_en": "Hurricane Harvey brought extreme rainfall and catastrophic flooding to parts of the Texas coast and southeast Texas, becoming a major regional disaster.", "event_significance_en": "It is a defining event for understanding the weather-disaster exposure of coastal cities, housing, transport and industry.", "event_regional_context_en": "It is central to later discussions of flood risk, recovery and infrastructure resilience in Houston and along the Gulf Coast.", "event_background_en": "The Texas Gulf Coast combines major urban areas with ports, industrial facilities and extensive residential development.", "event_outcome_en": "Recovery and flood-response planning remained long-term challenges for governments and communities.", "event_data_context_en": "Same-period changes in housing, population or income are not attributed to Harvey alone.", "event_title_es": "El huracán Harvey afecta Texas", "event_text_es": "El huracán Harvey produjo lluvias extremas e inundaciones catastróficas en partes de la costa y el sureste de Texas, convirtiéndose en un gran desastre regional.", "event_summary_es": "El huracán Harvey produjo lluvias extremas e inundaciones catastróficas en partes de la costa y el sureste de Texas, convirtiéndose en un gran desastre regional.", "event_significance_es": "Es un acontecimiento clave para comprender la exposición de ciudades costeras, vivienda, transporte e industria a desastres meteorológicos.", "event_regional_context_es": "Es central para los debates posteriores sobre riesgo de inundación, recuperación y resiliencia de infraestructura en Houston y la costa del Golfo.", "event_background_es": "La costa texana del Golfo combina grandes áreas urbanas con puertos, instalaciones industriales y amplias zonas residenciales.", "event_outcome_es": "La recuperación y la planificación frente a inundaciones siguieron siendo desafíos de largo plazo para gobiernos y comunidades.", "event_data_context_es": "Los cambios contemporáneos de vivienda, población o ingresos no se atribuyen únicamente a Harvey.", "event_related_places": [ "Houston", "Texas Gulf Coast" ], "event_title": "Hurricane Harvey impacts Texas", "event_text": "Hurricane Harvey brought extreme rainfall and catastrophic flooding to parts of the Texas coast and southeast Texas, becoming a major regional disaster." } ] }, { "period": "2018", "year": "2018", "month": "", "label": "2018", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 20180426, "previous_value": 17322825, "delta": 2857601, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13540565, "previous_value": 12740600, "delta": 799965, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 27885195, "previous_value": 27419612, "delta": 465583, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 59570, "previous_value": 57051, "delta": 2519, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 161700, "previous_value": 151500, "delta": 10200, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.412091374011828, "previous_value": 5.825222686995365, "delta": -0.4131313129835368, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "year": "2019", "month": "", "label": "2019", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23156153, "previous_value": 20180426, "delta": 2975727, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13723614, "previous_value": 13540565, "delta": 183049, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 28260856, "previous_value": 27885195, "delta": 375661, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 61874, "previous_value": 59570, "delta": 2304, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 172500, "previous_value": 161700, "delta": 10800, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.076663435621436, "previous_value": 5.412091374011828, "delta": -0.3354279383903922, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "economic_policy", "source_name": "Texas Education Agency", "source_url": "https://tea.texas.gov/about-tea/government-relations-and-legal/government-relations/house-bill-3-86r", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "학교재정·재산세 개편 법률 시행", "event_text_ko": "Texas는 공교육 재정 확대, 교사 보상, recapture 축소, 학교 재산세 부담 완화를 포함한 대규모 학교재정 개편을 법제화했다.", "event_summary_ko": "교육재정과 지방 재산세 구조를 동시에 다룬 2019년의 중요한 주 정책 이정표다.", "event_significance_ko": "빠른 인구 증가와 주택시장 확대가 이어지는 Texas에서 교육재정과 지방세 제도가 성장 관리의 중요한 축임을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "학군 재정과 재산세 구조는 대도시권·교외·농촌 학군의 서로 다른 세원과 학생 증가 속도에 영향을 받는다.", "event_background_ko": "주 차원의 학교재정 논의와 재산세 부담 완화 요구가 결합돼 포괄적인 법률 개편으로 이어졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "법률의 실제 효과는 학군 재정·세율·교육성과 자료로 따로 평가해야 하며 주택가치 상승의 직접 원인으로 단정하지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "2019년은 실업률이 현재 구간의 낮은 수준에 있던 해이지만 두 현상을 직접 연결하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Major school-finance and property-tax reform enacted", "event_text_en": "Texas enacted a major school-finance reform that increased classroom funding and teacher compensation, reduced recapture, and lowered school property-tax burdens.", "event_summary_en": "It is an important 2019 state-policy milestone linking public-school finance with local property-tax reform.", "event_significance_en": "In a fast-growing state, the reform illustrates the importance of school finance and local taxation within the broader management of growth.", "event_regional_context_en": "School finance and property-tax systems interact with very different tax bases and enrollment growth across metropolitan, suburban, and rural districts.", "event_background_en": "Statewide school-finance debates and pressure for property-tax relief were combined into a broad legislative reform.", "event_outcome_en": "Its effects require separate school-finance, tax-rate, and education evidence and are not treated as a direct cause of rising home values.", "event_data_context_en": "The reform occurs in a year when unemployment is near the low end of the current series, but the two observations are not linked causally.", "event_title_es": "Se aprueba una gran reforma de financiación escolar e impuestos a la propiedad", "event_text_es": "Texas aprobó una amplia reforma de financiación escolar que aumentó los fondos para aulas y docentes, redujo el recapture y disminuyó la carga del impuesto escolar a la propiedad.", "event_summary_es": "Es un importante hito de política estatal de 2019 que vinculó la financiación escolar con la reforma del impuesto local a la propiedad.", "event_significance_es": "En un estado de rápido crecimiento, la reforma muestra la importancia de la financiación escolar y la tributación local en la gestión del crecimiento.", "event_regional_context_es": "La financiación escolar y los impuestos a la propiedad interactúan con bases fiscales y ritmos de matrícula muy distintos entre distritos metropolitanos, suburbanos y rurales.", "event_background_es": "Los debates estatales sobre financiación escolar y la presión por reducir impuestos a la propiedad se combinaron en una amplia reforma legislativa.", "event_outcome_es": "Sus efectos requieren datos separados de financiación escolar, tasas fiscales y educación y no se tratan como causa directa del aumento del valor de la vivienda.", "event_data_context_es": "La reforma ocurre en un año en que el desempleo está cerca de la parte baja de la serie actual, pero ambas observaciones no se vinculan causalmente.", "event_related_places": [ "Texas State Capitol" ], "event_title": "Major school-finance and property-tax reform enacted", "event_text": "Texas enacted a major school-finance reform that increased classroom funding and teacher compensation, reduced recapture, and lowered school property-tax burdens." } ] }, { "period": "2020", "year": "2020", "month": "", "label": "2020", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23258603, "previous_value": 23156153, "delta": 102450, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12982203, "previous_value": 13723614, "delta": -741411, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 28635442, "previous_value": 28260856, "delta": 374586, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 63826, "previous_value": 61874, "delta": 1952, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 187200, "previous_value": 172500, "delta": 14700, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.296687646094671, "previous_value": 5.076663435621436, "delta": 0.22002421047323484, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "year": "2021", "month": "", "label": "2021", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23321712, "previous_value": 23258603, "delta": 63109, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13721691, "previous_value": 12982203, "delta": 739488, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 28862581, "previous_value": 28635442, "delta": 227139, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 67321, "previous_value": 63826, "delta": 3495, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 202600, "previous_value": 187200, "delta": 15400, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.361879210152231, "previous_value": 5.296687646094671, "delta": 0.06519156405756021, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "disaster", "source_name": "Federal Energy Regulatory Commission", "source_url": "https://www.weather.gov/fwd/Feb-2021-WinterEvent", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "역사적 겨울폭풍과 한파", "event_text_ko": "역사적 겨울폭풍과 북극 한기가 텍사스 대부분 지역에 장기간의 영하 기온과 눈·얼음을 가져왔다.", "event_summary_ko": "역사적 겨울폭풍과 북극 한기가 텍사스 대부분 지역에 장기간의 영하 기온과 눈·얼음을 가져왔다.", "event_significance_ko": "에너지 생산량만으로는 전력망 신뢰성과 기상 위험을 설명할 수 없다는 점을 보여준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "텍사스 에너지 시스템을 볼 때 생산·소비와 별도로 계통 신뢰성·연료공급·기후 취약성을 봐야 한다.", "event_background_ko": "극한 한파가 텍사스와 미국 중남부의 발전·가스 시스템에 동시에 부담을 줬다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 겨울철 대비와 가스·전력 조정, 신뢰성 기준에 대한 검토와 권고가 이어졌다.", "event_data_context_ko": "연간 EIA 생산·소비 지표와 단기 전력망 비상상황은 서로 다른 측정 대상이다.", "event_title_en": "Historic winter storm and Arctic outbreak", "event_text_en": "A historic winter storm and Arctic outbreak affected most of Texas with prolonged freezing conditions, snow and ice.", "event_summary_en": "A historic winter storm and Arctic outbreak affected most of Texas with prolonged freezing conditions, snow and ice.", "event_significance_en": "It shows why statewide energy-production totals alone cannot describe grid reliability or weather risk.", "event_regional_context_en": "Texas energy trends need to be read alongside grid reliability, fuel supply and weather vulnerability.", "event_background_en": "Extreme cold stressed electric generation and natural-gas systems across Texas and the South Central United States.", "event_outcome_en": "The event was followed by reviews and recommendations on winter preparation, gas-electric coordination and reliability standards.", "event_data_context_en": "Annual EIA production and consumption series measure something different from a short-duration grid emergency.", "event_title_es": "Tormenta invernal histórica y brote ártico", "event_text_es": "Una tormenta invernal histórica y una irrupción ártica afectaron gran parte de Texas con frío prolongado, nieve y hielo.", "event_summary_es": "Una tormenta invernal histórica y una irrupción ártica afectaron gran parte de Texas con frío prolongado, nieve y hielo.", "event_significance_es": "Muestra por qué la producción energética estatal por sí sola no describe la fiabilidad de la red ni el riesgo climático.", "event_regional_context_es": "Las tendencias energéticas de Texas deben leerse junto con fiabilidad de red, suministro de combustible y vulnerabilidad climática.", "event_background_es": "El frío extremo tensionó los sistemas de generación eléctrica y gas natural de Texas y del centro-sur de Estados Unidos.", "event_outcome_es": "El episodio fue seguido por revisiones y recomendaciones sobre preparación invernal, coordinación gas-electricidad y normas de fiabilidad.", "event_data_context_es": "Las series anuales de producción y consumo de EIA miden algo distinto de una emergencia breve de la red.", "event_related_places": [ "ERCOT", "Texas" ], "event_title": "Historic winter storm and Arctic outbreak", "event_text": "A historic winter storm and Arctic outbreak affected most of Texas with prolonged freezing conditions, snow and ice." }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "energy_policy", "source_name": "Texas Legislature Online", "source_url": "https://capitol.texas.gov/billlookup/BillSummary.aspx?Bill=SB3&LegSess=87R", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "겨울철 전력망·가스시설 기상대응 의무 강화", "event_text_ko": "2021년 겨울 폭풍 이후 Texas는 전력·가스 인프라의 기상대응, ERCOT 신뢰도, 비상 대응을 강화하는 법률을 시행했다.", "event_summary_ko": "대규모 정전 위기 이후 전력망 복원력과 극한기상 대비를 제도적으로 강화한 핵심 에너지 정책 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "Texas 에너지 시스템에서 발전량뿐 아니라 공급망·가스·송전·시장 신뢰도 관리가 함께 중요하다는 점을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "ERCOT 전력망은 Texas 대부분을 담당하지만 모든 지역이 동일한 전력시장 구조에 속하는 것은 아니다.", "event_background_ko": "2021년 2월 극한 한파와 광범위한 정전이 전력·가스 공급망의 취약성을 드러냈고 후속 입법이 빠르게 진행됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "법률은 기상대응과 신뢰도 의무를 강화했지만 이후 생산·소비 변화의 크기를 이 법 하나로 설명하지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 해 에너지 생산·소비가 변했지만 폭풍·복구·수요·연료시장 등 여러 요인이 함께 존재하므로 인과 해석을 분리한다.", "event_title_en": "Texas strengthens weatherization and grid-emergency requirements", "event_text_en": "After the 2021 winter storm, Texas enacted requirements addressing weatherization of power and gas infrastructure, ERCOT reliability, and emergency response.", "event_summary_en": "It is a central energy-policy milestone that strengthened grid resilience and extreme-weather preparation after a major outage crisis.", "event_significance_en": "The reform shows that Texas energy reliability depends not only on generation volume but also on fuel supply, transmission, and market operations.", "event_regional_context_en": "ERCOT serves most of Texas, although not every part of the state operates under the same power-market structure.", "event_background_en": "The February 2021 freeze and widespread outages exposed vulnerabilities across the electricity and gas supply chain and prompted rapid legislative action.", "event_outcome_en": "The law strengthened weatherization and reliability requirements, but later production and consumption changes are not attributed to this law alone.", "event_data_context_en": "Energy production and consumption also changed that year, but storm impacts, recovery, demand, and fuel markets all overlapped, so causation is kept separate.", "event_title_es": "Texas refuerza los requisitos de climatización y emergencia de la red", "event_text_es": "Después de la tormenta invernal de 2021, Texas aprobó requisitos sobre climatización de infraestructura eléctrica y de gas, confiabilidad de ERCOT y respuesta de emergencia.", "event_summary_es": "Es un hito central de política energética que reforzó la resiliencia de la red y la preparación ante clima extremo después de una gran crisis de apagones.", "event_significance_es": "La reforma muestra que la confiabilidad energética de Texas depende no solo del volumen de generación, sino también del suministro de combustible, la transmisión y las operaciones del mercado.", "event_regional_context_es": "ERCOT atiende a la mayor parte de Texas, aunque no todas las zonas del estado operan bajo la misma estructura de mercado eléctrico.", "event_background_es": "La helada de febrero de 2021 y los apagones generalizados mostraron vulnerabilidades en la cadena de suministro de electricidad y gas y provocaron una rápida respuesta legislativa.", "event_outcome_es": "La ley reforzó los requisitos de climatización y confiabilidad, pero los cambios posteriores de producción y consumo no se atribuyen únicamente a esta norma.", "event_data_context_es": "La producción y el consumo de energía también cambiaron ese año, pero se superpusieron impactos de la tormenta, recuperación, demanda y mercados de combustible, por lo que la causalidad se mantiene separada.", "event_related_places": [ "Texas State Capitol" ], "event_title": "Texas strengthens weatherization and grid-emergency requirements", "event_text": "After the 2021 winter storm, Texas enacted requirements addressing weatherization of power and gas infrastructure, ERCOT reliability, and emergency response." } ] }, { "period": "2022", "year": "2022", "month": "", "label": "2022", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 25135027, "previous_value": 23321712, "delta": 1813315, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13835706, "previous_value": 13721691, "delta": 114015, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 29243342, "previous_value": 28862581, "delta": 380761, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 73035, "previous_value": 67321, "delta": 5714, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 238000, "previous_value": 202600, "delta": 35400, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.220116892750408, "previous_value": 5.361879210152231, "delta": -0.141762317401823, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "year": "2023", "month": "", "label": "2023", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 26931690, "previous_value": 25135027, "delta": 1796663, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 14149656, "previous_value": 13835706, "delta": 313950, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 29640343, "previous_value": 29243342, "delta": 397001, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 76292, "previous_value": 73035, "delta": 3257, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 260400, "previous_value": 238000, "delta": 22400, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.138052387322177, "previous_value": 5.220116892750408, "delta": -0.08206450542823074, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "industrial_policy", "source_name": "Office of the Texas Governor", "source_url": "https://gov.texas.gov/business/page/tsif", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Texas CHIPS Act와 반도체 혁신기금 설립", "event_text_ko": "Texas는 반도체 연구·설계·제조를 지원하는 주 차원의 혁신기금과 협력체계를 법제화했다.", "event_summary_ko": "에너지·석유 중심의 전통 산업 이미지에 첨단 반도체 제조와 연구를 별도 산업정책 축으로 추가한 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "Austin·Dallas권을 포함한 Texas의 첨단 제조·연구 생태계를 주 정책으로 지원하는 장기 산업전략을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "반도체 산업은 대도시권의 연구대학·기술기업·제조시설·공급망과 연결돼 지역 경제구조를 다양화한다.", "event_background_ko": "미국 내 반도체 공급망과 첨단 제조 경쟁이 확대되는 가운데 Texas는 주 차원의 투자·연구 인센티브 체계를 마련했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "기금 설립은 정책 기반을 만든 사건이며 실제 투자·고용 효과는 이후 개별 보조금과 프로젝트 자료로 평가해야 한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기 인구·소득·주택가치가 상승했지만 반도체 정책이 그 변화의 직접 원인이라고 보지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Texas CHIPS Act establishes a semiconductor innovation fund", "event_text_en": "Texas enacted a state semiconductor initiative creating an innovation fund and coordination framework for research, design, and manufacturing.", "event_summary_en": "The initiative adds semiconductor research and manufacturing as a distinct industrial-policy pillar alongside Texas’s better-known energy economy.", "event_significance_en": "It reflects a state strategy to support advanced manufacturing and research ecosystems, including major technology regions around Austin and North Texas.", "event_regional_context_en": "Semiconductor activity connects research universities, technology firms, manufacturing facilities, and supply chains across major metropolitan regions.", "event_background_en": "As national attention to semiconductor supply chains and advanced manufacturing increased, Texas created a state-level investment and research incentive structure.", "event_outcome_en": "Creation of the fund established a policy framework; investment and employment effects require later grant and project evidence.", "event_data_context_en": "Population, income, and home values also rise in the period, but those changes are not attributed directly to the semiconductor policy.", "event_title_es": "Texas CHIPS Act crea un fondo de innovación de semiconductores", "event_text_es": "Texas aprobó una iniciativa estatal de semiconductores que creó un fondo de innovación y un marco de coordinación para investigación, diseño y manufactura.", "event_summary_es": "La iniciativa añade investigación y manufactura de semiconductores como un pilar de política industrial junto a la conocida economía energética de Texas.", "event_significance_es": "Refleja una estrategia estatal para apoyar ecosistemas de manufactura avanzada e investigación, incluidas regiones tecnológicas de Austin y North Texas.", "event_regional_context_es": "La actividad de semiconductores conecta universidades, empresas tecnológicas, plantas manufactureras y cadenas de suministro en grandes regiones metropolitanas.", "event_background_es": "Con el aumento de la atención nacional a las cadenas de suministro de semiconductores y a la manufactura avanzada, Texas creó una estructura estatal de incentivos a inversión e investigación.", "event_outcome_es": "La creación del fondo estableció un marco de política; los efectos de inversión y empleo requieren datos posteriores de subvenciones y proyectos.", "event_data_context_es": "La población, el ingreso y el valor de la vivienda también aumentan en el periodo, pero esos cambios no se atribuyen directamente a la política de semiconductores.", "event_related_places": [ "The University of Texas at Austin" ], "event_title": "Texas CHIPS Act establishes a semiconductor innovation fund", "event_text": "Texas enacted a state semiconductor initiative creating an innovation fund and coordination framework for research, design, and manufacturing." }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "energy_policy", "source_name": "Public Utility Commission of Texas", "source_url": "https://ftp.puc.texas.gov/public/puct-info/agency/resources/pubs/news/2023/PUCT_to_Administer_Texas_Energy_Fund_Following_Voter_Approval_of_Proposition_7.pdf", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Texas Energy Fund 승인", "event_text_ko": "Texas 유권자 승인으로 Texas Energy Fund가 추진돼 전력시설의 건설·현대화·운영을 위한 공공 금융 프로그램이 마련됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "전력 신뢰도와 신규 설비 투자를 지원하기 위해 Texas가 별도 금융 수단을 만든 에너지 정책 이정표다.", "event_significance_ko": "빠르게 증가하는 인구·산업 수요에 대응해 전력 인프라 투자를 별도 정책축으로 다루기 시작한 사례다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "대형 대도시권과 산업지역의 전력수요 증가, ERCOT 신뢰도 논의가 주 전력정책의 중요한 배경이 됐다.", "event_background_ko": "입법부가 기금을 만들고 유권자가 이를 승인한 뒤 Public Utility Commission of Texas가 프로그램 시행을 맡았다.", "event_outcome_ko": "실제 전력 생산·가격·신뢰도 효과는 이후 집행과 프로젝트 성과 자료로 평가해야 한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "2023년 에너지 생산·소비가 모두 증가했지만 기금 승인만으로 그 변화를 설명하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Texas Energy Fund approved", "event_text_en": "Voter approval advanced the Texas Energy Fund, creating a public financing framework for construction, modernization, and operation of electric facilities.", "event_summary_en": "It is an energy-policy milestone creating a dedicated financing tool for reliability and new electric infrastructure.", "event_significance_en": "The fund reflects a policy decision to treat electric-infrastructure investment as a distinct response to growing population and industrial demand.", "event_regional_context_en": "Rising demand in metropolitan and industrial regions and broader ERCOT reliability debates form part of the policy background.", "event_background_en": "The legislature created the fund, voters approved it, and the Public Utility Commission of Texas took responsibility for implementation.", "event_outcome_en": "Actual effects on generation, prices, and reliability require later implementation and project-performance evidence.", "event_data_context_en": "Energy production and consumption both rise in 2023, but that movement is not attributed to fund approval alone.", "event_title_es": "Se aprueba Texas Energy Fund", "event_text_es": "La aprobación de los votantes impulsó Texas Energy Fund y creó un marco de financiación pública para construir, modernizar y operar instalaciones eléctricas.", "event_summary_es": "Es un hito de política energética que crea una herramienta financiera específica para confiabilidad y nueva infraestructura eléctrica.", "event_significance_es": "El fondo refleja una decisión de política de tratar la inversión en infraestructura eléctrica como una respuesta específica al crecimiento demográfico e industrial.", "event_regional_context_es": "El aumento de la demanda en regiones metropolitanas e industriales y los debates sobre confiabilidad de ERCOT forman parte del contexto de la política.", "event_background_es": "La legislatura creó el fondo, los votantes lo aprobaron y la Public Utility Commission of Texas asumió su implementación.", "event_outcome_es": "Los efectos reales sobre generación, precios y confiabilidad requieren datos posteriores de implementación y desempeño de proyectos.", "event_data_context_es": "La producción y el consumo de energía aumentan en 2023, pero ese movimiento no se atribuye solo a la aprobación del fondo.", "event_title": "Texas Energy Fund approved", "event_text": "Voter approval advanced the Texas Energy Fund, creating a public financing framework for construction, modernization, and operation of electric facilities." } ] }, { "period": "2024", "year": "2024", "month": "", "label": "2024", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TEPRB", "metric_label": "Total primary energy production", "value": 28288241, "previous_value": 26931690, "delta": 1356551, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "energy", "metric_key": "EIA_SEDS:TETCB", "metric_label": "Total energy consumption", "value": 14536890, "previous_value": 14149656, "delta": 387234, "unit": "Billion Btu", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "provider": "US_EIA" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "ACS:B01003_001E", "metric_label": "Population", "value": 30188424, "previous_value": 29640343, "delta": 548081, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "income", "metric_key": "ACS:B19013_001E", "metric_label": "Median household income", "value": 78476, "previous_value": 76292, "delta": 2184, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "housing", "metric_key": "ACS:B25077_001E", "metric_label": "Median home value", "value": 283800, "previous_value": 260400, "delta": 23400, "unit": "US dollars", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "ACS:UNEMPLOYMENT_RATE", "metric_label": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.267566097307636, "previous_value": 5.138052387322177, "delta": 0.12951370998545908, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API" } ] }, { "year": "2025", "period": "2025", "label": "2025", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "disaster", "source_name": "Office of the Texas Governor", "source_url": "https://www.fema.gov/disaster/4879", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Hill Country·중부 텍사스 홍수", "event_text_ko": "Hill Country와 텍사스 여러 지역에서 심각한 홍수가 발생해 연방 중대재난 선포와 장기 복구 대응으로 이어졌다.", "event_summary_ko": "Hill Country와 텍사스 여러 지역에서 심각한 홍수가 발생해 연방 중대재난 선포와 장기 복구 대응으로 이어졌다.", "event_significance_ko": "현재 통계 범위 이후 발생한 중요한 지역 재난으로 최신 시간축을 회복력 문제까지 확장한다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Hill Country의 하천·도로·지역사회가 돌발홍수에 노출될 수 있음을 보여주는 최근 사례다.", "event_background_ko": "Central Texas와 Hill Country에서는 강한 강우가 짧은 시간에 심각한 돌발홍수 위험으로 이어질 수 있다.", "event_outcome_ko": "주정부 재난선포와 연방 재난지원 절차가 이어지며 복구가 진행됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "최신 지표 연도보다 뒤의 사건이므로 기존 인구·소득·주택·에너지 변화의 원인으로 사용하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Hill Country and Central Texas flooding", "event_text_en": "Severe flooding affected the Hill Country and other parts of Texas, leading to a major federal disaster declaration and a prolonged recovery effort.", "event_summary_en": "Severe flooding affected the Hill Country and other parts of Texas, leading to a major federal disaster declaration and a prolonged recovery effort.", "event_significance_en": "This major event occurred after the current statistical endpoint and extends the time line into a newer resilience issue.", "event_regional_context_en": "It is a recent example of flash-flood exposure across Hill Country communities, roads and river corridors.", "event_background_en": "In Central Texas and the Hill Country, intense rainfall can rapidly produce severe flash-flood hazards.", "event_outcome_en": "State disaster declarations were followed by federal disaster assistance as recovery moved forward.", "event_data_context_en": "Because it occurs after the latest metric year, it is not used to explain changes already visible in the connected series.", "event_title_es": "Inundaciones en Hill Country y el centro de Texas", "event_text_es": "Graves inundaciones afectaron Hill Country y otras zonas de Texas, dando lugar a una declaración federal de gran desastre y a una recuperación prolongada.", "event_summary_es": "Graves inundaciones afectaron Hill Country y otras zonas de Texas, dando lugar a una declaración federal de gran desastre y a una recuperación prolongada.", "event_significance_es": "Este gran acontecimiento ocurrió después del final estadístico actual y amplía la cronología hacia un problema reciente de resiliencia.", "event_regional_context_es": "Es un ejemplo reciente de exposición a inundaciones repentinas en comunidades, carreteras y corredores fluviales de Hill Country.", "event_background_es": "En Central Texas y Hill Country, lluvias intensas pueden producir rápidamente graves riesgos de inundación repentina.", "event_outcome_es": "Las declaraciones estatales de desastre fueron seguidas por asistencia federal mientras avanzaba la recuperación.", "event_data_context_es": "Como ocurre después del último año de indicadores, no se utiliza para explicar cambios ya visibles en las series conectadas.", "event_related_places": [ "Texas Hill Country", "Kerr County", "Central Texas" ], "event_title": "Hill Country and Central Texas flooding", "event_text": "Severe flooding affected the Hill Country and other parts of Texas, leading to a major federal disaster declaration and a prolonged recovery effort." }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "tax_policy", "source_name": "Office of the Texas Governor", "source_url": "https://gov.texas.gov/news/post/governor-abbott-signs-property-tax-relief-laws-in-denton", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "대규모 재산세 경감 법안 서명", "event_text_ko": "Texas는 주택 소유자와 일부 사업용 자산의 재산세 부담을 낮추는 일련의 법안을 2025년에 서명했다.", "event_summary_ko": "빠르게 오른 주택가치와 지방세 부담 논의 속에서 재산세 경감이 주요 주 정책 의제로 이어진 사건이다.", "event_significance_ko": "Texas의 빠른 주택시장 변화와 지방재정 구조가 세제정책과 맞물려 있음을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "대도시권과 고성장 교외에서 주택가치·세원 증가가 빠르게 진행되면서 재산세 부담이 지속적인 주정치 의제가 됐다.", "event_background_ko": "주 의회는 주거용 homestead 면세 확대와 사업용 개인자산 일부 면세 등을 포함하는 세제개편을 추진했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "법률의 실제 가계·사업체 부담 변화는 시행 연도별 과세자료로 확인해야 하며 주택가치 상승 자체의 원인으로 보지 않는다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현재 통계의 최신 연도인 2024년 이후 사건이므로 기존 시계열의 변화를 설명하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Major property-tax relief laws signed", "event_text_en": "Texas signed a set of 2025 laws aimed at reducing property-tax burdens for homeowners and certain business property.", "event_summary_en": "The laws mark a major state-policy response to ongoing debates over property values and local tax burdens.", "event_significance_en": "It illustrates how rapid housing-market change and local public finance interact with state tax policy.", "event_regional_context_en": "Fast-rising property values and tax bases in metropolitan and suburban growth areas have kept property-tax burdens high on the state policy agenda.", "event_background_en": "The legislature advanced changes including larger homestead exemptions and relief for certain income-producing business property.", "event_outcome_en": "Actual household and business tax effects should be evaluated with implementation-year tax data and are not treated as a cause of home-value growth itself.", "event_data_context_en": "Because the laws follow the latest 2024 statistical observations, it is not used to explain changes already present in those series.", "event_title_es": "Se firma un amplio paquete de alivio del impuesto a la propiedad", "event_text_es": "Texas firmó en 2025 un conjunto de leyes destinadas a reducir la carga del impuesto a la propiedad para propietarios de viviendas y ciertos activos empresariales.", "event_summary_es": "El paquete marca una importante respuesta de política estatal a los debates sobre valores de vivienda y cargas fiscales locales.", "event_significance_es": "Muestra cómo el rápido cambio del mercado de vivienda y las finanzas públicas locales interactúan con la política fiscal estatal.", "event_regional_context_es": "El rápido aumento de los valores inmobiliarios y de las bases fiscales en áreas metropolitanas y suburbanas ha mantenido el impuesto a la propiedad como tema central de política estatal.", "event_background_es": "La legislatura impulsó cambios que incluyeron mayores exenciones de vivienda principal y alivio para ciertos bienes empresariales que generan ingresos.", "event_outcome_es": "Los efectos reales sobre hogares y empresas deberán evaluarse con datos fiscales de los años de aplicación y no se tratan como causa del aumento del valor de la vivienda.", "event_data_context_es": "Como el paquete es posterior a las observaciones estadísticas más recientes de 2024, no se usa para explicar cambios ya presentes en esas series.", "event_title": "Major property-tax relief laws signed", "event_text": "Texas signed a set of 2025 laws aimed at reducing property-tax burdens for homeowners and certain business property." } ] }, { "year": "2026", "period": "2026", "label": "2026", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "infrastructure", "source_name": "Texas Department of Transportation", "source_url": "https://www.txdot.gov/about/newsroom/stories/txdot-off-to-active-start-in-2026.html", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Austin 중앙 고속도로 재건 사업이 새 단계로 진입", "event_text_ko": "TxDOT는 Austin 중심부의 대형 interstate 재건 사업에서 교량·램프·우회 동선 변경을 포함하는 새 공사 단계에 들어갔다.", "event_summary_ko": "Texas의 빠른 대도시 성장에 대응해 기존 핵심 도로망을 대규모로 다시 구성하는 최신 인프라 이정표다.", "event_significance_ko": "Austin의 인구·산업 성장과 함께 교통 혼잡·안전·도심 연결성 문제가 장기 인프라 투자로 이어지고 있음을 보여 준다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Austin은 주정부·대학·기술산업이 집중된 고성장 대도시권으로 중앙 교통축의 수요가 꾸준히 증가해 왔다.", "event_background_ko": "TxDOT는 중앙 Austin을 통과하는 주요 interstate를 장기적으로 재건하는 대형 사업을 단계적으로 진행하고 있다.", "event_outcome_ko": "2026년의 공사 단계 진입은 사업 완료가 아니며 장기 교통·경제 효과는 향후 개통과 운영 자료로 평가해야 한다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현재 지표 최신 연도인 2024년보다 뒤의 사건이므로 기존 통계 변화의 원인으로 사용하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Central Austin interstate reconstruction enters a new phase", "event_text_en": "TxDOT moved a major central Austin interstate reconstruction project into a new phase involving bridge work, ramp changes, and temporary traffic patterns.", "event_summary_en": "It is a recent infrastructure milestone reflecting large-scale reconstruction of a core highway corridor in a rapidly growing metropolitan region.", "event_significance_en": "The project shows how congestion, safety, and urban connectivity pressures in fast-growing Austin are driving long-term infrastructure investment.", "event_regional_context_en": "Austin combines state government, higher education, and technology industries in a fast-growing metropolitan area with sustained pressure on central transport corridors.", "event_background_en": "TxDOT is carrying out a multi-year reconstruction of a major interstate corridor through central Austin in successive construction phases.", "event_outcome_en": "The 2026 construction phase is not project completion, and long-run transport or economic effects require later operating evidence.", "event_data_context_en": "Because the milestone occurs after the latest 2024 indicator year, it is not used to explain changes already present in the statistical series.", "event_title_es": "La reconstrucción interestatal del centro de Austin entra en una nueva fase", "event_text_es": "TxDOT llevó un gran proyecto de reconstrucción interestatal del centro de Austin a una nueva fase con obras de puentes, cambios de rampas y patrones temporales de tráfico.", "event_summary_es": "Es un hito reciente de infraestructura que refleja la reconstrucción a gran escala de un corredor vial central en una región metropolitana de rápido crecimiento.", "event_significance_es": "El proyecto muestra cómo las presiones de congestión, seguridad y conectividad urbana en el rápido crecimiento de Austin impulsan inversión de infraestructura a largo plazo.", "event_regional_context_es": "Austin combina gobierno estatal, educación superior e industrias tecnológicas en una región metropolitana de rápido crecimiento con presión sostenida sobre los corredores centrales.", "event_background_es": "TxDOT desarrolla una reconstrucción plurianual de un gran corredor interestatal por el centro de Austin mediante fases sucesivas de obra.", "event_outcome_es": "La fase de construcción de 2026 no significa la finalización del proyecto y los efectos de largo plazo requieren datos posteriores de operación.", "event_data_context_es": "Como el hito ocurre después del último año de indicadores de 2024, no se usa para explicar cambios ya presentes en las series estadísticas.", "event_related_places": [ "Texas State Capitol", "The University of Texas at Austin" ], "event_title": "Central Austin interstate reconstruction enters a new phase", "event_text": "TxDOT moved a major central Austin interstate reconstruction project into a new phase involving bridge work, ramp changes, and temporary traffic patterns." } ] } ], "places": [ { "category": "government", "name": "Texas State Capitol", "source_name": "State Preservation Board of Texas", "source_url": "https://www.tspb.texas.gov/prop/tc/tc/capitol.html", "summary_ko": "텍사스 주 의사당은 오스틴의 주정부 중심 시설이자 텍사스 정치·역사를 상징하는 대표 시민 공간이다.", "summary_en": "The Texas State Capitol is the central landmark of state government in Austin and a major historic civic site.", "summary_es": "El Capitolio de Texas es el principal hito del gobierno estatal en Austin y un importante sitio cívico e histórico.", "summary": "The Texas State Capitol is the central landmark of state government in Austin and a major historic civic site." }, { "category": "research", "name": "NASA Johnson Space Center", "source_name": "NASA", "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/johnson/", "summary_ko": "존슨우주센터는 휴스턴에 있는 NASA의 유인우주비행 운영·연구·훈련 및 임무통제의 핵심 거점이다.", "summary_en": "Johnson Space Center is NASA's Houston center for human spaceflight operations, research, training and mission control.", "summary_es": "Johnson Space Center es el centro de la NASA en Houston para operaciones de vuelos tripulados, investigación, entrenamiento y control de misiones.", "summary": "Johnson Space Center is NASA's Houston center for human spaceflight operations, research, training and mission control." }, { "category": "port", "name": "Port Houston", "source_name": "Port Houston", "source_url": "https://porthouston.com/about/our-port/about-port-houston/", "summary_ko": "Port Houston은 휴스턴 선박수로의 공공 항만 시설을 운영하며 걸프 연안의 주요 물류·무역 체계를 떠받치는 거점이다.", "summary_en": "Port Houston operates public facilities along the Houston Ship Channel and anchors a major Gulf Coast freight and trade system.", "summary_es": "Port Houston opera instalaciones públicas a lo largo del Houston Ship Channel y articula un gran sistema de carga y comercio de la costa del Golfo.", "summary": "Port Houston operates public facilities along the Houston Ship Channel and anchors a major Gulf Coast freight and trade system." }, { "category": "airport", "name": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport", "source_name": "Dallas Fort Worth International Airport", "source_url": "https://www.dfwairport.com/business/about/facts/", "summary_ko": "댈러스 포트워스 국제공항은 북텍사스를 미국 국내외 목적지와 연결하는 대표적인 항공 교통 거점이다.", "summary_en": "DFW International Airport is a major aviation hub linking North Texas with domestic and international destinations.", "summary_es": "El Aeropuerto Internacional de Dallas Fort Worth es un gran nodo aéreo que conecta el norte de Texas con destinos nacionales e internacionales.", "summary": "DFW International Airport is a major aviation hub linking North Texas with domestic and international destinations." }, { "category": "nature", "name": "Big Bend National Park", "source_name": "National Park Service", "source_url": "https://www.nps.gov/bibe/", "summary_ko": "빅벤드 국립공원은 텍사스 서부의 치와와 사막, 산악 지형, 리오그란데강 회랑을 함께 보호하는 대표 자연지역이다.", "summary_en": "Big Bend protects a large Chihuahuan Desert landscape, mountain environments and the Rio Grande corridor in far West Texas.", "summary_es": "Big Bend protege un amplio paisaje del desierto de Chihuahua, ambientes montañosos y el corredor del río Grande en el extremo oeste de Texas.", "summary": "Big Bend protects a large Chihuahuan Desert landscape, mountain environments and the Rio Grande corridor in far West Texas." }, { "category": "education", "name": "The University of Texas at Austin", "source_name": "The University of Texas at Austin", "source_url": "https://www.utexas.edu/about-texas", "summary_ko": "텍사스대학교 오스틴은 교육·연구·공공서비스를 통해 주의 지식·연구 기반을 형성하는 주요 공립 연구대학이다.", "summary_en": "The University of Texas at Austin is a major public research university that contributes to education, research and public service in the state.", "summary_es": "La Universidad de Texas en Austin es una gran universidad pública de investigación que contribuye a la educación, la investigación y el servicio público del estado.", "summary": "The University of Texas at Austin is a major public research university that contributes to education, research and public service in the state." } ], "tables": [ { "table_id": "key_metrics", "title": "Key metrics", "columns": [ "metric", "latest_period", "latest_value", "unit", "first_period", "first_value", "change", "change_pct" ], "rows": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 28288241, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 9672367, "change": 18615874, "change_pct": 192.46451256450462 }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "topic": "energy", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 14536890, "unit": "Billion Btu", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 12133169, "change": 2403721, "change_pct": 19.811155684059127 }, { "metric": "Population", "topic": "population", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 30188424, "unit": "persons", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 24774187, "change": 5414237, "change_pct": 21.85434783389663 }, { "metric": "Median household income", "topic": "income", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 78476, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 50920, "change": 27556, "change_pct": 54.11626080125688 }, { "metric": "Median home value", "topic": "housing", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 283800, "unit": "US dollars", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 126400, "change": 157400, "change_pct": 124.5253164556962 }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "topic": "employment", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 5.267566097307636, "unit": "percent", "first_period": "2011", "first_value": 7.311236070838125, "change": -2.0436699735304886, "change_pct": -27.952455012114147 } ] }, { "table_id": "history", "title": "Historical observations", "columns": [ "period", "values" ], "rows": [ { "period": "2024", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 28288241, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 14536890, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 30188424, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 78476, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 283800, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.267566097307636, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 26931690, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 14149656, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 29640343, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 76292, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 260400, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.138052387322177, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 25135027, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13835706, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 29243342, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 73035, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 238000, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.220116892750408, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23321712, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13721691, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 28862581, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 67321, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 202600, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.361879210152231, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23258603, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12982203, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 28635442, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 63826, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 187200, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.296687646094671, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 23156153, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13723614, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 28260856, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 61874, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 172500, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.076663435621436, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 20180426, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 13540565, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 27885195, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 59570, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 161700, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.412091374011828, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17322825, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12740600, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 27419612, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 57051, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 151500, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 5.825222686995365, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 16674534, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12618418, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 26956435, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 54727, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 142700, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 6.415745863144986, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2015", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17803013, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12470311, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 26538614, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 53207, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 136000, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.012493147567377, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 17378716, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12356868, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 26092033, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 52576, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 131400, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.681453204800967, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2013", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 15451195, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 12390011, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 25639373, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 51900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 128900, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 8.103248720150244, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 13976122, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11651252, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 25208897, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 51563, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 128000, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.744373925319827, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 12356185, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11624313, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Population", "value": 24774187, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Median household income", "value": 50920, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Median home value", "value": 126400, "unit": "US dollars" }, { "metric": "Unemployment rate", "value": 7.311236070838125, "unit": "percent" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 11210133, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11419098, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 10948804, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 10745559, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2008", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 11202831, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11153070, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2007", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 10232753, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11711410, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2006", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9656270, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11632230, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] }, { "period": "2005", "values": [ { "metric": "Total primary energy production", "value": 9347155, "unit": "Billion Btu" }, { "metric": "Total energy consumption", "value": 11505194, "unit": "Billion Btu" } ] } ] } ], "sources": [ { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TEPRB", "metric": "Total primary energy production" }, { "provider": "US_EIA", "source_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/", "dataset_key": "TETCB", "metric": "Total energy consumption" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B01003_001E", "metric": "Population" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B19013_001E", "metric": "Median household income" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B25077_001E", "metric": "Median home value" }, { "provider": "US_CENSUS_DATA_API", "source_url": "https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5", "dataset_key": "B23025_003E+B23025_005E", "metric": "Unemployment rate" } ], "narrative": "Texas contains several regional systems within one state: energy and port networks along the Gulf Coast, technology and government functions in Austin, aviation and logistics around Dallas–Fort Worth, military and health institutions in San Antonio, border communities, and rural production areas. The core measures cover primary energy production, total energy consumption, population, median household income, median home value, and unemployment. These measures use different definitions and describe different parts of the state economy and society, so they should be read independently rather than compressed into a single score. Historical and policy milestones provide institutional context without being treated as automatic explanations for movement in the statistical series. Read energy production and energy consumption as separate concepts Primary energy production describes energy produced within Texas. It helps explain the supply side of a state economy connected with oil, gas, electricity, petrochemicals, ports, pipelines, and related infrastructure. The measure does not by itself describe household energy bills, grid reliability, retail electricity prices, or the experience of individual industries. Houston and the Gulf Coast, inland production areas, and the electric system each connect to the energy economy in different ways. Total energy consumption describes energy used within Texas and therefore answers a different question. Residential and commercial buildings, manufacturing, transport, weather, and efficiency can all contribute to the use side of the system. Production and consumption may share a unit of measurement, but that does not make them interchangeable, and a simple subtraction does not establish energy independence or shortage. Population, household income and home value describe different household conditions Statewide population summarizes all residents of Texas in one measure. It does not reveal how settlement differs among Austin, Houston, Dallas–Fort Worth, San Antonio, border communities, the Gulf Coast, West Texas, or rural counties. Questions about migration, age structure, metropolitan concentration, or county-level change require more detailed demographic information. Median household income describes household resources, while median home value describes a different part of the housing and asset market. The measures can be related without being equivalent. Housing supply, financing conditions, land availability, development patterns, local demand, and property characteristics all matter when interpreting housing conditions. Unemployment is one view of the labor market The unemployment rate is an important labor-market measure, but it does not summarize job quality, wages, labor-force participation, occupations, or the distribution of employment across industries. That distinction matters in Texas because energy, technology, aviation, logistics, manufacturing, tourism, health care, government, and military activity occupy different regional labor markets. Austin is closely connected with state government, universities, and technology industries. Houston has strong ties to energy, port activity, and human spaceflight. Dallas–Fort Worth combines aviation, logistics, and corporate functions, while San Antonio combines military, health, tourism, and historical institutions. A statewide unemployment measure is therefore a broad summary rather than a substitute for local labor-market analysis. Use history and policy as context, not as automatic causal explanations The historical timeline includes the early San Antonio settlement, Spindletop, Johnson Space Center, DFW Airport, Hurricane Harvey, winter-weather disruption, and Hill Country disaster history. These milestones belong to different periods and different parts of Texas, so their value lies in showing institutional, industrial, infrastructure, and disaster-response context rather than forcing them into one economic storyline. The policy timeline includes retail electricity rules, school-finance and property-tax reform, grid weatherization and reliability requirements, energy financing, semiconductor support, tax relief, and major Austin highway reconstruction. The existence of a policy documents an institutional choice. Its effects on investment, employment, prices, tax burdens, reliability, or mobility must be evaluated with evidence specific to implementation and outcomes. Treat Texas as a network of regional systems Houston and the Gulf Coast combine ports, energy infrastructure, industrial supply chains, and large urban communities. Austin combines public institutions, higher education, technology firms, and a central Texas metropolitan setting. Dallas–Fort Worth operates through a broad aviation, logistics, and corporate network, while San Antonio connects military, medical, tourism, and cultural functions. West Texas, Big Bend, the southern border, agricultural counties, and other rural areas differ from the major metropolitan regions in density, transport access, land use, and industry. Statewide measures are useful as a common reference, but meaningful regional interpretation often requires county, metro, industry, and infrastructure data alongside the state series. Sources US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ Are energy production and energy consumption the same measure? No. Production describes energy produced within Texas, while consumption describes energy used within Texas. They may share a unit, but they answer different questions. Can median home value by itself tell me whether housing is affordable? No. Home value is an asset-market measure. Housing affordability also depends on household income, rents, financing conditions, housing supply, and local demand. Does a policy milestone prove that it caused a change in the statistical series? No. A policy milestone establishes institutional context. Causal evaluation requires information about implementation, affected groups, comparison conditions, and measured outcomes. Texas is best read through several distinct but connected systems: energy, households, housing, labor, transport, ports, technology, public institutions, and regional geography. The statewide statistical series provide a common frame, while Houston, Austin, Dallas–Fort Worth, San Antonio, the Gulf Coast, border communities, West Texas, and rural areas provide the spatial context. Quantitative judgments should come from the charts and tables, while the narrative focuses on definitions, interpretation, and regional structure." }