Georgia Population, Economy, Jobs & Key Trends | Data Lab Region: Georgia Coverage: 1732 - 2024 Report ID: RH-8932A693B40437A5 URL: https://greenblog.co.kr/en/data-report/georgia-population-economy-jobs-key-trends-data-lab-2/ === Full report === Georgia’s long-term change is broader than population growth alone. Population rises steadily, while household income and home values weaken in the early years and unemployment first moves higher. Over the longer horizon, energy production and energy consumption also follow different paths. Putting those trends beside Atlanta’s government and aviation role, Savannah’s port, Athens’s research base, and the Okefenokee landscape shows a state shaped by several regional systems at once. Population kept growing while household conditions turned later Georgia’s population increases every year from 2011 onward. Early in that span, however, median household income and median home value weaken while unemployment rises through 2013. Demographic expansion therefore arrives before a broad improvement in household, housing, and labor conditions. Income and unemployment begin to improve from 2014, while housing takes longer to establish a clear upward direction. From 2016 onward, population, income, and home value spend a much longer stretch moving higher as unemployment moves lower. In the latest years, housing gains become especially prominent relative to the steadier population trend. Energy production and energy consumption tell different stories Primary energy production expands strongly from the low levels of the mid-1980s, but the path includes repeated pullbacks and recoveries. A renewed rise after 2020 carries production to the highest point in 2024. Total energy consumption also ends well above its 1985 level, yet it follows a more cyclical path and remains below the high reached in 2010 for much of the later period. After a pronounced decline in 2020, consumption rises each year from 2021 through 2024. Production and consumption should be read separately because they describe different parts of the energy system. Income and home values can rise together without meaning the same thing Median household income turns upward after its 2013 low. Median home value continues downward through 2014, stabilizes around 2015, and then begins a sustained rise that becomes steeper later. Income reflects household resources, while home value reflects a different part of the housing market and household balance sheet. Higher values may strengthen wealth for owners while also raising the cost of entry for buyers, so the two measures should not be treated as a single affordability signal. Atlanta, Savannah and Athens play different regional roles Atlanta combines state government, business, culture, rail history, and a major aviation network. Savannah has a different role as a historic coastal city linked to maritime trade and inland logistics through the Port of Savannah. Athens adds a research and higher-education center through the University of Georgia. Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge represents southeastern Georgia’s wetland and conservation geography, while Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park connects Atlanta to the institutional and community history of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement. The latest year shows why one growth label is not enough In 2024, population, household income, home value, primary energy production, and energy consumption all rise from the prior year, while unemployment edges slightly higher. Even after a long period of broad improvement, the labor measure can move differently from the others. Georgia is more informative when the focus is on timing: when trends separate, when they realign, and which parts of the state help explain the regional structure behind them. Population, households, housing, jobs, and energy each reveal a different layer of change. Sources US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ Did Georgia’s population and home values rise at the same pace? No. Population follows a steady upward path, while home value declines early, turns upward in the middle of the period, and accelerates more strongly later. Does higher energy production always mean higher energy consumption? No. Production and consumption describe different parts of the energy system, and their major highs and pullbacks do not occur at the same times. Does the small unemployment increase in 2024 establish a new long-term trend? Not on its own. The latest increase is small and follows a long decline. Additional years would be needed to determine whether the direction has changed more persistently. Georgia combines steady population growth with household, housing, labor, and energy changes that unfold on different schedules. Atlanta’s metropolitan functions, Savannah’s port role, Athens’s research base, and southeastern conservation landscapes make the state a network of distinct regional systems rather than a single growth story. === Metrics === Total primary energy production 1985 233929 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1986 203156 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1987 283122 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1988 285034 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1989 455132 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1990 465821 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1991 469939 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1992 493570 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1993 495319 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1994 513269 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1995 542312 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1996 538746 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1997 552542 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1998 550268 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1999 541315 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2000 544004 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2001 525829 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2002 590170 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2003 540473 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2004 554427 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2005 518963 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2006 524996 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2007 528224 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2008 491932 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2009 506040 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2010 549655 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2011 539366 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2012 548510 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2013 569264 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2014 587753 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2015 604411 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2016 617043 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2017 600736 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2018 613600 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2019 617301 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2020 611222 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2021 624480 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2022 641301 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2023 668301 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2024 776457 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1985 1874526 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1986 1891913 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1987 1995372 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1988 2091376 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1989 2160879 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1990 2188433 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1991 2176941 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1992 2217975 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1993 2373461 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1994 2395160 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1995 2578340 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1996 2726850 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1997 2709444 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1998 2744268 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1999 2779826 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2000 2901427 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2001 2797716 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2002 2912009 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2003 2923139 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2004 3065310 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2005 3080403 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2006 3067394 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2007 3061401 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2008 2926774 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2009 2884852 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2010 3118878 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2011 3000462 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2012 2818231 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2013 2869293 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2014 2941556 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2015 2946449 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2016 2911451 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2017 2882421 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2018 2948666 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2019 2905172 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2020 2658733 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2021 2764908 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2022 2852217 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2023 2873369 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2024 2960655 Billion Btu Population 2011 9600612 persons Population 2012 9714569 persons Population 2013 9810417 persons Population 2014 9907756 persons Population 2015 10006693 persons Population 2016 10099320 persons Population 2017 10201635 persons Population 2018 10297484 persons Population 2019 10403847 persons Population 2020 10516579 persons Population 2021 10625615 persons Population 2022 10722325 persons Population 2023 10822590 persons Population 2024 10940407 persons Median household income 2011 49736 US dollars Median household income 2012 49604 US dollars Median household income 2013 49179 US dollars Median household income 2014 49342 US dollars Median household income 2015 49620 US dollars Median household income 2016 51037 US dollars Median household income 2017 52977 US dollars Median household income 2018 55679 US dollars Median household income 2019 58700 US dollars Median household income 2020 61224 US dollars Median household income 2021 65030 US dollars Median household income 2022 71355 US dollars Median household income 2023 74664 US dollars Median household income 2024 77353 US dollars Median home value 2011 160200 US dollars Median home value 2012 156400 US dollars Median home value 2013 151300 US dollars Median home value 2014 148000 US dollars Median home value 2015 148100 US dollars Median home value 2016 152400 US dollars Median home value 2017 158400 US dollars Median home value 2018 166800 US dollars Median home value 2019 176000 US dollars Median home value 2020 190200 US dollars Median home value 2021 206700 US dollars Median home value 2022 245900 US dollars Median home value 2023 272900 US dollars Median home value 2024 303300 US dollars Unemployment rate 2011 9.8632267392986 percent Unemployment rate 2012 10.680191192397 percent Unemployment rate 2013 11.350796021652 percent Unemployment rate 2014 10.775091739264 percent Unemployment rate 2015 9.6543568463022 percent Unemployment rate 2016 8.5389932205634 percent Unemployment rate 2017 7.483184070409 percent Unemployment rate 2018 6.4008561596647 percent Unemployment rate 2019 5.6692620866927 percent Unemployment rate 2020 5.6039717211913 percent Unemployment rate 2021 5.5140336814421 percent Unemployment rate 2022 5.2457454287038 percent Unemployment rate 2023 5.121288267969 percent Unemployment rate 2024 5.1346591677203 percent === Timeline === 1732 1732 - Royal charter establishes the Georgia colony — The British Crown granted James Oglethorpe and the Trustees a charter establishing the colony of Georgia. 1733 1733 - Savannah is established as Georgia’s first city — Savannah was established as the first city of the Georgia colony and became an early center of settlement and administration. 1785 1785 - University of Georgia is chartered — Georgia’s General Assembly chartered the University of Georgia, creating a lasting institutional base for public higher education in the state. 1837 1837 - Atlanta begins as a railroad terminus — Atlanta was founded at the end of the Western & Atlantic railroad line, setting a transport-centered pattern for the city’s growth. 1937 1937 - Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge is established — The federal government established Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge to protect the swamp’s wildlife and ecological system. 1945 1945 - Georgia Ports Authority is created — Georgia created the Georgia Ports Authority to operate and develop state port facilities, providing a public institutional base for maritime commerce. 1957 1957 - The SCLC is organized in Atlanta — The Southern Christian Leadership Conference was organized in Atlanta through the civil-rights network centered on Ebenezer Baptist Church and Sweet Auburn. 1980 1980 - Atlanta’s large midfield terminal complex opens — Atlanta’s major midfield passenger terminal complex opened, substantially expanding the airport’s hub infrastructure. 1986 1986 - Total primary energy production: 203156 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1891913 Billion Btu 1987 1987 - Total primary energy production: 283122 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1995372 Billion Btu 1988 1988 - Total primary energy production: 285034 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2091376 Billion Btu 1989 1989 - Total primary energy production: 455132 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2160879 Billion Btu 1990 1990 - Total primary energy production: 465821 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2188433 Billion Btu 1991 1991 - Total primary energy production: 469939 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2176941 Billion Btu 1992 1992 - Total primary energy production: 493570 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2217975 Billion Btu 1993 1993 - Total primary energy production: 495319 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2373461 Billion Btu 1994 1994 - Total primary energy production: 513269 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2395160 Billion Btu 1995 1995 - Total primary energy production: 542312 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2578340 Billion Btu 1996 1996 - Total primary energy production: 538746 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2726850 Billion Btu - Atlanta hosts the Centennial Olympic Games — Atlanta hosted the Centennial Olympic Games, bringing global attention to the city and accelerating a period of highly visible urban and transport investment. 1997 1997 - Total primary energy production: 552542 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2709444 Billion Btu 1998 1998 - Total primary energy production: 550268 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2744268 Billion Btu 1999 1999 - Total primary energy production: 541315 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2779826 Billion Btu 2000 2000 - Total primary energy production: 544004 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2901427 Billion Btu 2001 2001 - Total primary energy production: 525829 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2797716 Billion Btu 2002 2002 - Total primary energy production: 590170 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2912009 Billion Btu 2003 2003 - Total primary energy production: 540473 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2923139 Billion Btu 2004 2004 - Total primary energy production: 554427 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3065310 Billion Btu 2005 2005 - Total primary energy production: 518963 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3080403 Billion Btu 2006 2006 - Total primary energy production: 524996 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3067394 Billion Btu 2007 2007 - Total primary energy production: 528224 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3061401 Billion Btu 2008 2008 - Total primary energy production: 491932 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2926774 Billion Btu 2009 2009 - Total primary energy production: 506040 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2884852 Billion Btu 2010 2010 - Total primary energy production: 549655 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3118878 Billion Btu 2011 2011 - Total primary energy production: 539366 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 3000462 Billion Btu 2012 2012 - Total primary energy production: 548510 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2818231 Billion Btu - Population: 9714569 persons - Median household income: 49604 US dollars - Median home value: 156400 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 10.680191192397 percent 2013 2013 - Total primary energy production: 569264 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2869293 Billion Btu - Population: 9810417 persons - Median household income: 49179 US dollars - Median home value: 151300 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 11.350796021652 percent 2014 2014 - Total primary energy production: 587753 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2941556 Billion Btu - Population: 9907756 persons - Median household income: 49342 US dollars - Median home value: 148000 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 10.775091739264 percent 2015 2015 - Total primary energy production: 604411 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2946449 Billion Btu - Population: 10006693 persons - Median household income: 49620 US dollars - Median home value: 148100 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 9.6543568463022 percent 2016 2016 - Total primary energy production: 617043 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2911451 Billion Btu - Population: 10099320 persons - Median household income: 51037 US dollars - Median home value: 152400 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 8.5389932205634 percent 2017 2017 - Total primary energy production: 600736 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2882421 Billion Btu - Population: 10201635 persons - Median household income: 52977 US dollars - Median home value: 158400 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 7.483184070409 percent 2018 2018 - Total primary energy production: 613600 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2948666 Billion Btu - Population: 10297484 persons - Median household income: 55679 US dollars - Median home value: 166800 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 6.4008561596647 percent 2019 2019 - Total primary energy production: 617301 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2905172 Billion Btu - Population: 10403847 persons - Median household income: 58700 US dollars - Median home value: 176000 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.6692620866927 percent 2020 2020 - Total primary energy production: 611222 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2658733 Billion Btu - Population: 10516579 persons - Median household income: 61224 US dollars - Median home value: 190200 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.6039717211913 percent 2021 2021 - Total primary energy production: 624480 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2764908 Billion Btu - Population: 10625615 persons - Median household income: 65030 US dollars - Median home value: 206700 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.5140336814421 percent 2022 2022 - Total primary energy production: 641301 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2852217 Billion Btu - Population: 10722325 persons - Median household income: 71355 US dollars - Median home value: 245900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.2457454287038 percent 2023 2023 - Total primary energy production: 668301 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2873369 Billion Btu - Population: 10822590 persons - Median household income: 74664 US dollars - Median home value: 272900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.121288267969 percent 2024 2024 - Total primary energy production: 776457 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 2960655 Billion Btu - Population: 10940407 persons - Median household income: 77353 US dollars - Median home value: 303300 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.1346591677203 percent === Regional places === - Major city: Atlanta — Atlanta is Georgia’s capital and largest city, concentrating state government, business, education, and cultural functions. Its origins as a railroad terminus and its modern international air connections make it a central node in the state’s wider network. - Major city: Savannah — Savannah is a historic coastal city and a major gateway to Georgia’s maritime economy. Its early planned-city heritage, preserved urban landscape, and modern port functions connect the state’s colonial history with present-day trade. - Government: Georgia State Capitol — The Georgia State Capitol is a central state-government site in downtown Atlanta and a visible anchor of legislative and administrative activity. It helps explain Atlanta’s role as the political and administrative center of the state. - Airport: Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport — Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is the state’s major aviation hub, shaped by repeated terminal and runway expansion. It illustrates how metropolitan accessibility and long-distance connections became integral to Georgia’s regional development. - Port: Port of Savannah — The Port of Savannah is a principal deepwater gateway operated by the Georgia Ports Authority, linking ocean trade with inland logistics. It is essential for understanding how coastal Savannah connects to distribution and industrial networks across the state and beyond. - Education: University of Georgia — The University of Georgia in Athens is a major public research and education institution and a long-standing anchor of the state’s higher-education system. It adds a knowledge-based regional center distinct from Atlanta’s administrative functions and Savannah’s maritime role. - Nature & parks: Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge — Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge protects a vast wetland ecosystem in southeastern Georgia. It provides a counterpoint to the state’s metropolitan and port-centered geography by highlighting water, wetlands, wildlife, and conservation as major regional assets. - Landmark: Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park — Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park interprets King’s life and the history of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement in Atlanta’s Sweet Auburn area. It broadens Georgia’s urban story beyond transport and commerce to include community, citizenship, and civil-rights history. === Sources === - US_EIA TEPRB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/ - US_EIA TETCB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/ - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B01003_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B19013_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B25077_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B23025_003E+B23025_005E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5