Arizona Population, Economy, Jobs & Key Trends | Data Lab

Region: Arizona
Coverage: 1863 - 2026
Report ID: RH-522A32C21AF8CDD4
URL: https://greenblog.co.kr/en/data-report/arizona-population-economy-jobs-key-trends-data-lab/

=== Full report ===
Arizona’s long-run change cannot be reduced to Phoenix growth. Population expands overall, household income first weakens and then rises, home value goes through a clearer decline and rebound, and unemployment turns downward after an early high. Colorado River infrastructure, groundwater management, Tucson research and conservation, Grand Canyon, and Phoenix aviation form distinct regional systems. Population growth and the Phoenix-centered urban system Arizona population expands over the long run, with a temporary dip followed by renewed growth. Metropolitan Phoenix is central to that expansion, but Tucson, northern high-country communities, rural areas, and tribal communities operate under different conditions. Population growth creates continuing planning pressure on housing, transport, public services, land, and water. Housing goes through both decline and recovery Arizona median home value weakens clearly in the early period and then turns into a sustained rise that becomes much steeper later. A statewide median masks the supply and demand conditions of Phoenix suburbs, Tucson, high-country recreation communities, and rural markets. Income and unemployment provide different labor-market signals Median household income moves from early weakness into long-run gains, while unemployment falls after an early high. Technology, services, logistics, and manufacturing around Phoenix, education and research in Tucson, tourism, construction, and agriculture create different local labor structures. Water infrastructure and groundwater policy shape the planning context The Central Arizona Project links Colorado River water with major population centers, while the Groundwater Management Act strengthened the institutional framework for managing groundwater and development together. These institutions show why water is a structural part of Arizona planning, but they are not a single causal explanation for housing, income, or population change. Grand Canyon, Saguaro and aviation create distinct regional histories Grand Canyon anchors a northern conservation and tourism network, while Saguaro reflects the scientific and conservation history of the Sonoran Desert around Tucson. Phoenix Sky Harbor modernization and expansion show that metropolitan connectivity continues to evolve. Sources US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ Is Arizona population still growing? The long-run direction is upward, although the series includes a temporary decline before growth resumes. Statewide growth does not mean every community changes at the same pace. Does rising home value mean household income kept pace? No. The measures follow different early paths and different rates of later increase. Housing supply, financing, local demand, and income all matter. Does water policy directly explain Phoenix growth? Water infrastructure and policy are essential planning context, but population, housing, and income cannot be explained by one policy alone. Arizona’s long-run story combines population growth, household income that turns upward after early weakness, a housing market that experiences decline and strong recovery, and unemployment that moves lower over time. Colorado River and groundwater management, the distinct metropolitan networks of Phoenix and Tucson, Grand Canyon and Sonoran Desert conservation, and expanding aviation infrastructure provide the regional context.

=== Metrics ===
Total primary energy production	1985	298921	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1986	435093	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1987	444715	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1988	562621	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1989	395028	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1990	512780	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1991	596716	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1992	586431	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1993	540639	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1994	574003	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1995	593767	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1996	580811	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1997	624716	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1998	618745	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	1999	625229	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2000	648380	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2001	631663	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2002	639649	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2003	596415	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2004	607326	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2005	569285	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2006	467321	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2007	496210	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2008	530158	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2009	521886	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2010	535283	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2011	552195	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2012	540384	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2013	534358	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2014	566041	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2015	545958	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2016	517675	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2017	539178	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2018	536987	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2019	483410	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2020	396553	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2021	402896	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2022	409210	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2023	411678	Billion Btu
Total primary energy production	2024	434023	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1985	813921	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1986	822415	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1987	838472	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1988	881963	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1989	912149	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1990	912983	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1991	923446	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1992	954555	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1993	968200	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1994	1020281	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1995	1051644	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1996	1112722	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1997	1125743	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1998	1185968	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	1999	1235022	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2000	1289942	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2001	1302269	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2002	1298175	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2003	1319572	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2004	1372363	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2005	1411695	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2006	1457800	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2007	1466903	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2008	1433406	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2009	1351254	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2010	1404841	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2011	1431013	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2012	1406179	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2013	1423208	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2014	1425539	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2015	1444587	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2016	1466255	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2017	1466773	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2018	1477873	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2019	1496536	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2020	1440291	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2021	1483627	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2022	1513145	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2023	1531010	Billion Btu
Total energy consumption	2024	1568088	Billion Btu
Population	2011	6337373	persons
Population	2012	6410979	persons
Population	2013	6479703	persons
Population	2014	6561516	persons
Population	2015	6641928	persons
Population	2016	6728577	persons
Population	2017	6809946	persons
Population	2018	6946685	persons
Population	2019	7050299	persons
Population	2020	7174064	persons
Population	2021	7079203	persons
Population	2022	7172282	persons
Population	2023	7268175	persons
Population	2024	7378838	persons
Median household income	2011	50752	US dollars
Median household income	2012	50256	US dollars
Median household income	2013	49774	US dollars
Median household income	2014	49928	US dollars
Median household income	2015	50255	US dollars
Median household income	2016	51340	US dollars
Median household income	2017	53510	US dollars
Median household income	2018	56213	US dollars
Median household income	2019	58945	US dollars
Median household income	2020	61529	US dollars
Median household income	2021	65913	US dollars
Median household income	2022	72581	US dollars
Median household income	2023	76872	US dollars
Median household income	2024	79964	US dollars
Median home value	2011	197400	US dollars
Median home value	2012	175900	US dollars
Median home value	2013	165100	US dollars
Median home value	2014	162900	US dollars
Median home value	2015	167500	US dollars
Median home value	2016	176900	US dollars
Median home value	2017	193200	US dollars
Median home value	2018	209600	US dollars
Median home value	2019	225500	US dollars
Median home value	2020	242000	US dollars
Median home value	2021	265600	US dollars
Median home value	2022	321400	US dollars
Median home value	2023	358900	US dollars
Median home value	2024	394500	US dollars
Unemployment rate	2011	8.9233035405528	percent
Unemployment rate	2012	9.7744010979417	percent
Unemployment rate	2013	10.412655279759	percent
Unemployment rate	2014	9.9399192363378	percent
Unemployment rate	2015	8.9252660468134	percent
Unemployment rate	2016	7.9880000409031	percent
Unemployment rate	2017	7.1045618563672	percent
Unemployment rate	2018	6.4558232438382	percent
Unemployment rate	2019	5.889111374112	percent
Unemployment rate	2020	5.8373723830603	percent
Unemployment rate	2021	5.6178800942766	percent
Unemployment rate	2022	5.366159376589	percent
Unemployment rate	2023	5.1719923656732	percent
Unemployment rate	2024	5.0916128530304	percent

=== Timeline ===
1863 1863
  - Arizona Territory is formally organized — On December 29, 1863, Governor John N. Goodwin formally proclaimed the organization of Arizona Territory at Navajo Springs, marking the start of a separate territorial government.
1885 1885
  - University of Arizona is established — A public higher-education institution was established in Tucson while Arizona was still a territory.
1912 1912
  - Arizona enters statehood — Arizona moved from territorial administration into state government.
1919 1919
  - Grand Canyon National Park is established — Grand Canyon became a national park, placing a defining northern Arizona landscape within long-term federal protection.
1933 1933
  - Saguaro National Monument is designated — Federal protection was established for the saguaro ecosystem and Sonoran Desert landscape around Tucson.
1935 1935
  - Hoover Dam is dedicated — The major Colorado River dam was formally dedicated, marking a major shift in Southwest water and power infrastructure.
1968 1968
  - Central Arizona Project is authorized — Federal law authorized a major system to move Colorado River water to central and southern Arizona.
1980 1980
  - Arizona enacts the Groundwater Management Act — Arizona enacted a major groundwater law to address overdraft and strengthen long-run water planning in key population areas.
1986 1986
  - Total primary energy production: 435093 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 822415 Billion Btu
1987 1987
  - Total primary energy production: 444715 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 838472 Billion Btu
1988 1988
  - Total primary energy production: 562621 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 881963 Billion Btu
1989 1989
  - Total primary energy production: 395028 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 912149 Billion Btu
1990 1990
  - Total primary energy production: 512780 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 912983 Billion Btu
1991 1991
  - Total primary energy production: 596716 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 923446 Billion Btu
1992 1992
  - Total primary energy production: 586431 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 954555 Billion Btu
1993 1993
  - Total primary energy production: 540639 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 968200 Billion Btu
  - Central Arizona Project reaches substantial completion — The Central Arizona Project reached substantial completion and moved from its main construction phase into long-run operation.
1994 1994
  - Total primary energy production: 574003 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1020281 Billion Btu
1995 1995
  - Total primary energy production: 593767 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1051644 Billion Btu
1996 1996
  - Total primary energy production: 580811 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1112722 Billion Btu
1997 1997
  - Total primary energy production: 624716 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1125743 Billion Btu
1998 1998
  - Total primary energy production: 618745 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1185968 Billion Btu
1999 1999
  - Total primary energy production: 625229 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1235022 Billion Btu
2000 2000
  - Total primary energy production: 648380 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1289942 Billion Btu
2001 2001
  - Total primary energy production: 631663 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1302269 Billion Btu
2002 2002
  - Total primary energy production: 639649 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1298175 Billion Btu
2003 2003
  - Total primary energy production: 596415 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1319572 Billion Btu
2004 2004
  - Total primary energy production: 607326 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1372363 Billion Btu
2005 2005
  - Total primary energy production: 569285 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1411695 Billion Btu
2006 2006
  - Total primary energy production: 467321 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1457800 Billion Btu
2007 2007
  - Total primary energy production: 496210 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1466903 Billion Btu
2008 2008
  - Total primary energy production: 530158 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1433406 Billion Btu
2009 2009
  - Total primary energy production: 521886 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1351254 Billion Btu
2010 2010
  - Total primary energy production: 535283 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1404841 Billion Btu
2011 2011
  - Total primary energy production: 552195 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1431013 Billion Btu
2012 2012
  - Total primary energy production: 540384 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1406179 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6410979 persons
  - Median household income: 50256 US dollars
  - Median home value: 175900 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 9.7744010979417 percent
2013 2013
  - Total primary energy production: 534358 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1423208 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6479703 persons
  - Median household income: 49774 US dollars
  - Median home value: 165100 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 10.412655279759 percent
2014 2014
  - Total primary energy production: 566041 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1425539 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6561516 persons
  - Median household income: 49928 US dollars
  - Median home value: 162900 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 9.9399192363378 percent
2015 2015
  - Total primary energy production: 545958 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1444587 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6641928 persons
  - Median household income: 50255 US dollars
  - Median home value: 167500 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 8.9252660468134 percent
2016 2016
  - Total primary energy production: 517675 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1466255 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6728577 persons
  - Median household income: 51340 US dollars
  - Median home value: 176900 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 7.9880000409031 percent
2017 2017
  - Total primary energy production: 539178 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1466773 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6809946 persons
  - Median household income: 53510 US dollars
  - Median home value: 193200 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 7.1045618563672 percent
2018 2018
  - Total primary energy production: 536987 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1477873 Billion Btu
  - Population: 6946685 persons
  - Median household income: 56213 US dollars
  - Median home value: 209600 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 6.4558232438382 percent
2019 2019
  - Total primary energy production: 483410 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1496536 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7050299 persons
  - Median household income: 58945 US dollars
  - Median home value: 225500 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.889111374112 percent
2020 2020
  - Total primary energy production: 396553 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1440291 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7174064 persons
  - Median household income: 61529 US dollars
  - Median home value: 242000 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.8373723830603 percent
  - Phoenix Sky Harbor completes a major terminal modernization phase — Phoenix Sky Harbor completed a major phase of its long-running terminal modernization program.
2021 2021
  - Total primary energy production: 402896 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1483627 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7079203 persons
  - Median household income: 65913 US dollars
  - Median home value: 265600 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.6178800942766 percent
2022 2022
  - Total primary energy production: 409210 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1513145 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7172282 persons
  - Median household income: 72581 US dollars
  - Median home value: 321400 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.366159376589 percent
2023 2023
  - Total primary energy production: 411678 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1531010 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7268175 persons
  - Median household income: 76872 US dollars
  - Median home value: 358900 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.1719923656732 percent
2024 2024
  - Total primary energy production: 434023 Billion Btu
  - Total energy consumption: 1568088 Billion Btu
  - Population: 7378838 persons
  - Median household income: 79964 US dollars
  - Median home value: 394500 US dollars
  - Unemployment rate: 5.0916128530304 percent
2025 2025
  - Phoenix Sky Harbor begins a new north concourse project — Construction began on a new north concourse at Phoenix Sky Harbor, extending the airport’s long-run expansion program.
2026 2026
  - Arizona enacts the State Affordability Infrastructure District Act — In 2026, Arizona enacted HB 2999 to create State Affordability Infrastructure Districts, establishing a legal framework for financing public infrastructure such as roads, water, and sewer systems associated with new housing development.

=== Regional places ===
- Government: Arizona State Capitol Museum — The historic capitol in Phoenix anchors Arizona’s transition from territorial government to modern state institutions.
- Nature & parks: Grand Canyon National Park — The park protects a vast Colorado River landscape together with a long record of human and cultural connections in northern Arizona.
- Nature & parks: Saguaro National Park — The park protects a defining Sonoran Desert landscape around Tucson and links conservation, research, and regional identity.
- Airport: Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport — The airport is a primary aviation hub linking metropolitan Phoenix and Arizona with national and international networks.
- Education: University of Arizona — The Tucson-based public research university predates statehood and anchors education, science, and regional research.
- Education: Arizona State University — The Tempe-rooted public research university is a central part of the Phoenix-area education, research, and innovation network.
- Infrastructure: Central Arizona Project — The system carries Colorado River water to major population centers in central and southern Arizona.
- Infrastructure: Hoover Dam — The dam spans the Colorado River at the Arizona-Nevada border and is a defining water and power landmark of the Southwest.

=== Sources ===
- US_EIA TEPRB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/
- US_EIA TETCB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/
- US_CENSUS_DATA_API B01003_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5
- US_CENSUS_DATA_API B19013_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5
- US_CENSUS_DATA_API B25077_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5
- US_CENSUS_DATA_API B23025_003E+B23025_005E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5
