Arizona Population, Economy, Jobs & Key Trends | Data Lab Region: Arizona Coverage: 1863 - 2026 Report ID: RH-522A32C21AF8CDD4 URL: https://greenblog.co.kr/en/data-report/arizona-population-economy-jobs-key-trends-data-lab/ === Full report === Arizona’s long-run change cannot be reduced to Phoenix growth. Population expands overall, household income first weakens and then rises, home value goes through a clearer decline and rebound, and unemployment turns downward after an early high. Colorado River infrastructure, groundwater management, Tucson research and conservation, Grand Canyon, and Phoenix aviation form distinct regional systems. Population growth and the Phoenix-centered urban system Arizona population expands over the long run, with a temporary dip followed by renewed growth. Metropolitan Phoenix is central to that expansion, but Tucson, northern high-country communities, rural areas, and tribal communities operate under different conditions. Population growth creates continuing planning pressure on housing, transport, public services, land, and water. Housing goes through both decline and recovery Arizona median home value weakens clearly in the early period and then turns into a sustained rise that becomes much steeper later. A statewide median masks the supply and demand conditions of Phoenix suburbs, Tucson, high-country recreation communities, and rural markets. Income and unemployment provide different labor-market signals Median household income moves from early weakness into long-run gains, while unemployment falls after an early high. Technology, services, logistics, and manufacturing around Phoenix, education and research in Tucson, tourism, construction, and agriculture create different local labor structures. Water infrastructure and groundwater policy shape the planning context The Central Arizona Project links Colorado River water with major population centers, while the Groundwater Management Act strengthened the institutional framework for managing groundwater and development together. These institutions show why water is a structural part of Arizona planning, but they are not a single causal explanation for housing, income, or population change. Grand Canyon, Saguaro and aviation create distinct regional histories Grand Canyon anchors a northern conservation and tourism network, while Saguaro reflects the scientific and conservation history of the Sonoran Desert around Tucson. Phoenix Sky Harbor modernization and expansion show that metropolitan connectivity continues to evolve. Sources US_EIA · Total primary energy productionUS_EIA · Total energy consumptionUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · PopulationUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median household incomeUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Median home valueUS_CENSUS_DATA_API · Unemployment rate FAQ Is Arizona population still growing? The long-run direction is upward, although the series includes a temporary decline before growth resumes. Statewide growth does not mean every community changes at the same pace. Does rising home value mean household income kept pace? No. The measures follow different early paths and different rates of later increase. Housing supply, financing, local demand, and income all matter. Does water policy directly explain Phoenix growth? Water infrastructure and policy are essential planning context, but population, housing, and income cannot be explained by one policy alone. Arizona’s long-run story combines population growth, household income that turns upward after early weakness, a housing market that experiences decline and strong recovery, and unemployment that moves lower over time. Colorado River and groundwater management, the distinct metropolitan networks of Phoenix and Tucson, Grand Canyon and Sonoran Desert conservation, and expanding aviation infrastructure provide the regional context. === Metrics === Total primary energy production 1985 298921 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1986 435093 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1987 444715 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1988 562621 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1989 395028 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1990 512780 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1991 596716 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1992 586431 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1993 540639 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1994 574003 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1995 593767 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1996 580811 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1997 624716 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1998 618745 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 1999 625229 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2000 648380 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2001 631663 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2002 639649 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2003 596415 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2004 607326 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2005 569285 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2006 467321 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2007 496210 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2008 530158 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2009 521886 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2010 535283 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2011 552195 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2012 540384 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2013 534358 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2014 566041 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2015 545958 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2016 517675 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2017 539178 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2018 536987 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2019 483410 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2020 396553 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2021 402896 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2022 409210 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2023 411678 Billion Btu Total primary energy production 2024 434023 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1985 813921 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1986 822415 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1987 838472 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1988 881963 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1989 912149 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1990 912983 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1991 923446 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1992 954555 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1993 968200 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1994 1020281 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1995 1051644 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1996 1112722 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1997 1125743 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1998 1185968 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 1999 1235022 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2000 1289942 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2001 1302269 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2002 1298175 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2003 1319572 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2004 1372363 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2005 1411695 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2006 1457800 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2007 1466903 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2008 1433406 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2009 1351254 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2010 1404841 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2011 1431013 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2012 1406179 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2013 1423208 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2014 1425539 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2015 1444587 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2016 1466255 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2017 1466773 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2018 1477873 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2019 1496536 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2020 1440291 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2021 1483627 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2022 1513145 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2023 1531010 Billion Btu Total energy consumption 2024 1568088 Billion Btu Population 2011 6337373 persons Population 2012 6410979 persons Population 2013 6479703 persons Population 2014 6561516 persons Population 2015 6641928 persons Population 2016 6728577 persons Population 2017 6809946 persons Population 2018 6946685 persons Population 2019 7050299 persons Population 2020 7174064 persons Population 2021 7079203 persons Population 2022 7172282 persons Population 2023 7268175 persons Population 2024 7378838 persons Median household income 2011 50752 US dollars Median household income 2012 50256 US dollars Median household income 2013 49774 US dollars Median household income 2014 49928 US dollars Median household income 2015 50255 US dollars Median household income 2016 51340 US dollars Median household income 2017 53510 US dollars Median household income 2018 56213 US dollars Median household income 2019 58945 US dollars Median household income 2020 61529 US dollars Median household income 2021 65913 US dollars Median household income 2022 72581 US dollars Median household income 2023 76872 US dollars Median household income 2024 79964 US dollars Median home value 2011 197400 US dollars Median home value 2012 175900 US dollars Median home value 2013 165100 US dollars Median home value 2014 162900 US dollars Median home value 2015 167500 US dollars Median home value 2016 176900 US dollars Median home value 2017 193200 US dollars Median home value 2018 209600 US dollars Median home value 2019 225500 US dollars Median home value 2020 242000 US dollars Median home value 2021 265600 US dollars Median home value 2022 321400 US dollars Median home value 2023 358900 US dollars Median home value 2024 394500 US dollars Unemployment rate 2011 8.9233035405528 percent Unemployment rate 2012 9.7744010979417 percent Unemployment rate 2013 10.412655279759 percent Unemployment rate 2014 9.9399192363378 percent Unemployment rate 2015 8.9252660468134 percent Unemployment rate 2016 7.9880000409031 percent Unemployment rate 2017 7.1045618563672 percent Unemployment rate 2018 6.4558232438382 percent Unemployment rate 2019 5.889111374112 percent Unemployment rate 2020 5.8373723830603 percent Unemployment rate 2021 5.6178800942766 percent Unemployment rate 2022 5.366159376589 percent Unemployment rate 2023 5.1719923656732 percent Unemployment rate 2024 5.0916128530304 percent === Timeline === 1863 1863 - Arizona Territory is formally organized — On December 29, 1863, Governor John N. Goodwin formally proclaimed the organization of Arizona Territory at Navajo Springs, marking the start of a separate territorial government. 1885 1885 - University of Arizona is established — A public higher-education institution was established in Tucson while Arizona was still a territory. 1912 1912 - Arizona enters statehood — Arizona moved from territorial administration into state government. 1919 1919 - Grand Canyon National Park is established — Grand Canyon became a national park, placing a defining northern Arizona landscape within long-term federal protection. 1933 1933 - Saguaro National Monument is designated — Federal protection was established for the saguaro ecosystem and Sonoran Desert landscape around Tucson. 1935 1935 - Hoover Dam is dedicated — The major Colorado River dam was formally dedicated, marking a major shift in Southwest water and power infrastructure. 1968 1968 - Central Arizona Project is authorized — Federal law authorized a major system to move Colorado River water to central and southern Arizona. 1980 1980 - Arizona enacts the Groundwater Management Act — Arizona enacted a major groundwater law to address overdraft and strengthen long-run water planning in key population areas. 1986 1986 - Total primary energy production: 435093 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 822415 Billion Btu 1987 1987 - Total primary energy production: 444715 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 838472 Billion Btu 1988 1988 - Total primary energy production: 562621 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 881963 Billion Btu 1989 1989 - Total primary energy production: 395028 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 912149 Billion Btu 1990 1990 - Total primary energy production: 512780 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 912983 Billion Btu 1991 1991 - Total primary energy production: 596716 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 923446 Billion Btu 1992 1992 - Total primary energy production: 586431 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 954555 Billion Btu 1993 1993 - Total primary energy production: 540639 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 968200 Billion Btu - Central Arizona Project reaches substantial completion — The Central Arizona Project reached substantial completion and moved from its main construction phase into long-run operation. 1994 1994 - Total primary energy production: 574003 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1020281 Billion Btu 1995 1995 - Total primary energy production: 593767 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1051644 Billion Btu 1996 1996 - Total primary energy production: 580811 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1112722 Billion Btu 1997 1997 - Total primary energy production: 624716 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1125743 Billion Btu 1998 1998 - Total primary energy production: 618745 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1185968 Billion Btu 1999 1999 - Total primary energy production: 625229 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1235022 Billion Btu 2000 2000 - Total primary energy production: 648380 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1289942 Billion Btu 2001 2001 - Total primary energy production: 631663 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1302269 Billion Btu 2002 2002 - Total primary energy production: 639649 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1298175 Billion Btu 2003 2003 - Total primary energy production: 596415 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1319572 Billion Btu 2004 2004 - Total primary energy production: 607326 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1372363 Billion Btu 2005 2005 - Total primary energy production: 569285 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1411695 Billion Btu 2006 2006 - Total primary energy production: 467321 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1457800 Billion Btu 2007 2007 - Total primary energy production: 496210 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1466903 Billion Btu 2008 2008 - Total primary energy production: 530158 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1433406 Billion Btu 2009 2009 - Total primary energy production: 521886 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1351254 Billion Btu 2010 2010 - Total primary energy production: 535283 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1404841 Billion Btu 2011 2011 - Total primary energy production: 552195 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1431013 Billion Btu 2012 2012 - Total primary energy production: 540384 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1406179 Billion Btu - Population: 6410979 persons - Median household income: 50256 US dollars - Median home value: 175900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 9.7744010979417 percent 2013 2013 - Total primary energy production: 534358 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1423208 Billion Btu - Population: 6479703 persons - Median household income: 49774 US dollars - Median home value: 165100 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 10.412655279759 percent 2014 2014 - Total primary energy production: 566041 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1425539 Billion Btu - Population: 6561516 persons - Median household income: 49928 US dollars - Median home value: 162900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 9.9399192363378 percent 2015 2015 - Total primary energy production: 545958 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1444587 Billion Btu - Population: 6641928 persons - Median household income: 50255 US dollars - Median home value: 167500 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 8.9252660468134 percent 2016 2016 - Total primary energy production: 517675 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1466255 Billion Btu - Population: 6728577 persons - Median household income: 51340 US dollars - Median home value: 176900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 7.9880000409031 percent 2017 2017 - Total primary energy production: 539178 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1466773 Billion Btu - Population: 6809946 persons - Median household income: 53510 US dollars - Median home value: 193200 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 7.1045618563672 percent 2018 2018 - Total primary energy production: 536987 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1477873 Billion Btu - Population: 6946685 persons - Median household income: 56213 US dollars - Median home value: 209600 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 6.4558232438382 percent 2019 2019 - Total primary energy production: 483410 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1496536 Billion Btu - Population: 7050299 persons - Median household income: 58945 US dollars - Median home value: 225500 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.889111374112 percent 2020 2020 - Total primary energy production: 396553 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1440291 Billion Btu - Population: 7174064 persons - Median household income: 61529 US dollars - Median home value: 242000 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.8373723830603 percent - Phoenix Sky Harbor completes a major terminal modernization phase — Phoenix Sky Harbor completed a major phase of its long-running terminal modernization program. 2021 2021 - Total primary energy production: 402896 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1483627 Billion Btu - Population: 7079203 persons - Median household income: 65913 US dollars - Median home value: 265600 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.6178800942766 percent 2022 2022 - Total primary energy production: 409210 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1513145 Billion Btu - Population: 7172282 persons - Median household income: 72581 US dollars - Median home value: 321400 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.366159376589 percent 2023 2023 - Total primary energy production: 411678 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1531010 Billion Btu - Population: 7268175 persons - Median household income: 76872 US dollars - Median home value: 358900 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.1719923656732 percent 2024 2024 - Total primary energy production: 434023 Billion Btu - Total energy consumption: 1568088 Billion Btu - Population: 7378838 persons - Median household income: 79964 US dollars - Median home value: 394500 US dollars - Unemployment rate: 5.0916128530304 percent 2025 2025 - Phoenix Sky Harbor begins a new north concourse project — Construction began on a new north concourse at Phoenix Sky Harbor, extending the airport’s long-run expansion program. 2026 2026 - Arizona enacts the State Affordability Infrastructure District Act — In 2026, Arizona enacted HB 2999 to create State Affordability Infrastructure Districts, establishing a legal framework for financing public infrastructure such as roads, water, and sewer systems associated with new housing development. === Regional places === - Government: Arizona State Capitol Museum — The historic capitol in Phoenix anchors Arizona’s transition from territorial government to modern state institutions. - Nature & parks: Grand Canyon National Park — The park protects a vast Colorado River landscape together with a long record of human and cultural connections in northern Arizona. - Nature & parks: Saguaro National Park — The park protects a defining Sonoran Desert landscape around Tucson and links conservation, research, and regional identity. - Airport: Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport — The airport is a primary aviation hub linking metropolitan Phoenix and Arizona with national and international networks. - Education: University of Arizona — The Tucson-based public research university predates statehood and anchors education, science, and regional research. - Education: Arizona State University — The Tempe-rooted public research university is a central part of the Phoenix-area education, research, and innovation network. - Infrastructure: Central Arizona Project — The system carries Colorado River water to major population centers in central and southern Arizona. - Infrastructure: Hoover Dam — The dam spans the Colorado River at the Arizona-Nevada border and is a defining water and power landmark of the Southwest. === Sources === - US_EIA TEPRB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/ - US_EIA TETCB https://api.eia.gov/v2/seds/data/ - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B01003_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B19013_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B25077_001E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5 - US_CENSUS_DATA_API B23025_003E+B23025_005E https://api.census.gov/data/2024/acs/acs5