{ "contract": "GMI_DATALAB_PUBLIC_EXPORT_V1", "report_id": "RH-42A3A7DED4924B02", "region_id": "GBR", "language": "ko", "title": "United Kingdom 인구·경제·고용 변화와 주요 사건 | 데이터랩", "url": "https://greenblog.co.kr/data-report/%ec%98%81%ea%b5%ad-%eb%8d%b0%ec%9d%b4%ed%84%b0%eb%9e%a9-%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac%c2%b7%ea%b2%bd%ec%a0%9c%c2%b7%ea%b3%a0%ec%9a%a9%c2%b7%ec%82%b0%ec%97%85-%eb%b3%80%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%a3%bc%ec%9a%94/", "region": { "region_key": "gbr", "region_id": "GBR", "region_name": "United Kingdom", "geo_level": "country" }, "region_profile": [ { "label": "행정 수준", "value": "국가" }, { "label": "상위 지역", "value": "영국" }, { "label": "주도·수도", "value": "London" }, { "label": "최대 도시", "value": "London" }, { "label": "시간대", "value": "Greenwich Mean Time / British Summer Time" }, { "label": "하위 행정구역", "value": "four constituent nations" }, { "label": "최신 인구", "value": "69.49M" }, { "label": "추적 지표", "value": "10" }, { "label": "관측 기간", "value": "1707–2025" } ], "coverage": { "period_start": "1707", "period_end": "2025" }, "template_id": "population_change", "metrics": [ { "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "label": "산업", "topic": "industry", "unit": "percent", "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 22.6809648077092 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 21.7733033648489 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 21.2370024258232 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 20.8760857408543 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 20.2198255952825 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 20.2645432136421 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 20.1946444035506 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 19.7229026460162 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 20.0744967754056 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 18.7333630455206 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 18.5566755103695 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 18.3010218899425 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 18.2827169299324 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 18.592711752238 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 18.3478341562377 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 18.1397353548933 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 17.6677948178206 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 17.8215277161884 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 18.0023660420923 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 17.8736338534045 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 17.4957170827215 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 16.9553165949957 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 16.8198596717719 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 17.6714033030008 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 17.0865837277153 }, { "period": "2025", "value": 16.4889776210162 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 22.6809648077092, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 16.4889776210162, "change": -6.191987186692998, "change_pct": -27.300369447195465 } }, { "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "label": "경제", "topic": "economy", "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 2314307169243.88 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 2369642769659.08 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 2410140612988.09 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 2487711377293.16 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 2545576004983.01 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 2616614241852.83 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 2673913418491.85 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 2752283449984.53 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 2750923500693.34 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 2624727410659.64 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 2684060544650.54 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 2706913649065.85 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 2748282336997.97 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 2795510733841.06 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 2883853723651.98 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 2945579890258.46 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 3010574705731.3 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 3101591068534.48 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 3149707010747.53 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 3189276748351.15 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 2868821517197.41 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 3113908148054.35 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 3274265196937.19 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 3283159739927.95 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 3318626965006.66 }, { "period": "2025", "value": 3364704178220.16 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 2314307169243.88, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 3364704178220.16, "change": 1050397008976.2803, "change_pct": 45.38710431076707 } }, { "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "label": "실업률", "topic": "employment", "unit": "percent", "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 5.558 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 4.696 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 5.037 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 4.807 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 4.594 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 4.884 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 5.472 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 5.399 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 5.748 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 7.683 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 7.973 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 8.195 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 8.279 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 7.752 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 6.398 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 5.552 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 4.909 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 4.501 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 4.145 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 3.657 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 4.472 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 4.864 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 3.768 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 4.025 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 4.361 }, { "period": "2025", "value": 4.746 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 5.558, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 4.746, "change": -0.8119999999999994, "change_pct": -14.609571788413087 } }, { "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "label": "인구", "topic": "population", "unit": "persons", "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "SP.POP.TOTL", "observations": [ { "period": "2000", "value": 58892514 }, { "period": "2001", "value": 59119673 }, { "period": "2002", "value": 59370479 }, { "period": "2003", "value": 59647577 }, { "period": "2004", "value": 59987905 }, { "period": "2005", "value": 60401206 }, { "period": "2006", "value": 60846820 }, { "period": "2007", "value": 61322463 }, { "period": "2008", "value": 61806995 }, { "period": "2009", "value": 62276270 }, { "period": "2010", "value": 62766365 }, { "period": "2011", "value": 63258810 }, { "period": "2012", "value": 63711000 }, { "period": "2013", "value": 64138000 }, { "period": "2014", "value": 64619000 }, { "period": "2015", "value": 65087000 }, { "period": "2016", "value": 65606000 }, { "period": "2017", "value": 65964000 }, { "period": "2018", "value": 66287000 }, { "period": "2019", "value": 66628000 }, { "period": "2020", "value": 66740000 }, { "period": "2021", "value": 66978000 }, { "period": "2022", "value": 67636000 }, { "period": "2023", "value": 68526000 }, { "period": "2024", "value": 69281000 }, { "period": "2025", "value": 69487000 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 58892514, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 69487000, "change": 10594486, "change_pct": 17.989529195510315 } }, { "metric_key": "research_13855_pc_dynamic_worldbank_ny_adj_dmin_gn_zs", "label": "소득", "topic": "income", "unit": "", "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NY.ADJ.DMIN.GN.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13855_pc_dynamic_worldbank_ny_adj_dmin_gn_zs", "observations": [ { "period": "2021", "value": 4.47737884674777e-5 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2021", "first_value": 4.47737884674777e-5, "latest_period": "2021", "latest_value": 4.47737884674777e-5, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } }, { "metric_key": "cmp286_9de9ab53c9581c138512916adbcf", "label": "고용·실업", "topic": "employment", "unit": "", "provider": "GMI_COMPOSITION_V286", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.FE.NE.ZS?format=json&per_page=20000&date=2017%3A2025&source=2", "dataset_key": "cmp286_9de9ab53c9581c138512916adbcf", "observations": [ { "period": "2024", "value": 52.236 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2024", "first_value": 52.236, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 52.236, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } }, { "metric_key": "research_13845_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_ind_totl_kd_zg", "label": "주택", "topic": "housing", "unit": "", "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.KD.ZG?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13845_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_ind_totl_kd_zg", "observations": [ { "period": "2025", "value": 0.36850353840039 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2025", "first_value": 0.36850353840039, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 0.36850353840039, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } }, { "metric_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_se_pre_durs_2025_wdi285", "label": "교육", "topic": "education", "unit": "", "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SE.PRE.DURS?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_se_pre_durs_2025_wdi285", "observations": [ { "period": "2025", "value": 5 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2025", "first_value": 5, "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 5, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } }, { "metric_key": "autopilot_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_agr_empl_kd_2018_wdi285", "label": "산업", "topic": "industry", "unit": "", "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NV.AGR.EMPL.KD?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_agr_empl_kd_2018_wdi285", "observations": [ { "period": "2018", "value": 46431.806139 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2018", "first_value": 46431.806139, "latest_period": "2018", "latest_value": 46431.806139, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } }, { "metric_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_en_ghg_co2_tr_mt_ce_ar5_2024_wdi285", "label": "항만", "topic": "transport", "unit": "", "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.TR.MT.CE.AR5?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_en_ghg_co2_tr_mt_ce_ar5_2024_wdi285", "observations": [ { "period": "2024", "value": 106.6993 } ], "summary": { "first_period": "2024", "first_value": 106.6993, "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 106.6993, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } } ], "timeline": [ { "year": "1707", "period": "1707", "label": "1707", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "administration", "source_name": "UK Parliament", "source_url": "https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/legislativescrutiny/act-of-union-1707/", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Acts of Union으로 Great Britain 출범", "event_text_ko": "England와 Scotland의 의회가 통합 법률을 통과시키며 하나의 Parliament of Great Britain을 가진 새로운 국가 체계가 출범했다.", "event_summary_ko": "England와 Scotland의 의회가 통합 법률을 통과시키며 하나의 Parliament of Great Britain을 가진 새로운 국가 체계가 출범했다.", "event_significance_ko": "현대 United Kingdom의 헌정·행정 구조를 이해하는 가장 중요한 장기 역사 기준점 가운데 하나다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Scotland와 England의 제도 통합은 이후 British state 형성과 Westminster 중심의 의회 체계 발전에 큰 영향을 주었다.", "event_background_ko": "두 왕국은 이미 같은 군주를 공유했지만 의회와 여러 제도는 별도로 운영되고 있었다.", "event_outcome_ko": "통합 이후 Great Britain이라는 국가와 단일 의회 체계가 운영되기 시작했다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 GDP·인구·고용 시계열보다 훨씬 앞선 사건이므로 현재 수치 변화의 직접 원인으로 사용하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Acts of Union create Great Britain", "event_text_en": "The English and Scottish parliaments passed union legislation that created Great Britain with a single Parliament of Great Britain.", "event_summary_en": "The English and Scottish parliaments passed union legislation that created Great Britain with a single Parliament of Great Britain.", "event_significance_en": "It is one of the most important long-run reference points for understanding the constitutional and administrative development of the modern United Kingdom.", "event_regional_context_en": "The institutional union of Scotland and England shaped the later British state and the development of a Westminster-centred parliamentary system.", "event_background_en": "The two kingdoms already shared a monarch, while their parliaments and many institutions remained separate.", "event_outcome_en": "After union, Great Britain and a single parliamentary system began operating.", "event_data_context_en": "Because the event predates modern GDP, population and labor series by centuries, it is historical context rather than a direct cause of current metric changes.", "event_title_es": "Los Acts of Union crean Great Britain", "event_text_es": "Los parlamentos de Inglaterra y Escocia aprobaron la legislación de unión que creó Great Britain con un único Parlamento.", "event_summary_es": "Los parlamentos de Inglaterra y Escocia aprobaron la legislación de unión que creó Great Britain con un único Parlamento.", "event_significance_es": "Es uno de los principales puntos de referencia de largo plazo para entender la evolución constitucional y administrativa del Reino Unido moderno.", "event_regional_context_es": "La unión institucional de Escocia e Inglaterra influyó en la formación posterior del Estado británico y en el sistema parlamentario centrado en Westminster.", "event_background_es": "Los dos reinos ya compartían monarca, pero sus parlamentos y muchas instituciones seguían separados.", "event_outcome_es": "Tras la unión comenzaron a funcionar Great Britain y un sistema parlamentario único.", "event_data_context_es": "Como el acontecimiento es muy anterior a las series modernas de PIB, población y empleo, sirve de contexto histórico y no de causa directa de cambios actuales.", "event_related_places": [ "Palace of Westminster" ], "event_title": "Acts of Union으로 Great Britain 출범", "event_text": "England와 Scotland의 의회가 통합 법률을 통과시키며 하나의 Parliament of Great Britain을 가진 새로운 국가 체계가 출범했다." } ] }, { "year": "1948", "period": "1948", "label": "1948", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "health", "source_name": "NHS England", "source_url": "https://www.england.nhs.uk/about/nhs-history/", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "NHS 출범", "event_text_ko": "새로운 National Health Service가 출범하며 의료서비스를 공공 보건체계 안에서 제공하는 국가적 제도가 시작됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "새로운 National Health Service가 출범하며 의료서비스를 공공 보건체계 안에서 제공하는 국가적 제도가 시작됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "영국의 공공서비스·보건·복지국가 구조를 이해하는 핵심 제도 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "보건서비스 접근과 국가 재정, 의료인력·병원체계의 장기 발전에 큰 영향을 준 제도적 기반이다.", "event_background_ko": "전후 사회정책 개혁 속에서 보편적 의료서비스 체계를 구축하려는 정책이 추진됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "NHS는 이후 여러 차례 조직 개편과 제도 변화를 거치면서도 영국 공공서비스의 핵심 축으로 유지됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "현대 경제 시계열보다 앞선 제도 사건으로, 최근 GDP나 실업률 변화의 직접 원인으로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "National Health Service begins", "event_text_en": "The National Health Service began operating, establishing a national public health-care system with services available at the point of delivery.", "event_summary_en": "The National Health Service began operating, establishing a national public health-care system with services available at the point of delivery.", "event_significance_en": "It is a central institutional milestone for understanding UK public services, health care and the welfare-state framework.", "event_regional_context_en": "It became a long-term foundation for health-care access, public finance, medical staffing and hospital systems.", "event_background_en": "Postwar social reform created momentum for a universal national health-care system.", "event_outcome_en": "The NHS later went through repeated organizational changes while remaining a core part of UK public services.", "event_data_context_en": "It is an institutional event predating the modern economic series and is not used as a direct explanation of recent GDP or unemployment changes.", "event_title_es": "Comienza el National Health Service", "event_text_es": "Comenzó a funcionar el National Health Service y se estableció un sistema público nacional de atención sanitaria con servicios disponibles en el punto de atención.", "event_summary_es": "Comenzó a funcionar el National Health Service y se estableció un sistema público nacional de atención sanitaria con servicios disponibles en el punto de atención.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito institucional central para comprender los servicios públicos, la sanidad y el marco del Estado de bienestar británico.", "event_regional_context_es": "Se convirtió en una base de largo plazo para acceso sanitario, financiación pública, personal médico y sistemas hospitalarios.", "event_background_es": "La reforma social de posguerra impulsó la creación de un sistema nacional universal de salud.", "event_outcome_es": "El NHS atravesó múltiples reorganizaciones, pero siguió siendo un pilar de los servicios públicos británicos.", "event_data_context_es": "Es un acontecimiento institucional anterior a las series económicas modernas y no se usa como explicación directa de cambios recientes de PIB o desempleo.", "event_related_places": [ "United Kingdom" ], "event_title": "NHS 출범", "event_text": "새로운 National Health Service가 출범하며 의료서비스를 공공 보건체계 안에서 제공하는 국가적 제도가 시작됐다." } ] }, { "year": "1998", "period": "1998", "label": "1998", "branches": [ { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "policy", "source_name": "Northern Ireland Office", "source_url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-belfast-agreement", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Belfast Agreement 체결", "event_text_ko": "Northern Ireland 평화과정의 핵심 합의가 체결되며 권력분담과 영국·Ireland 관계를 다루는 새로운 제도 틀이 마련됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "Northern Ireland 평화과정의 핵심 합의가 체결되며 권력분담과 영국·Ireland 관계를 다루는 새로운 제도 틀이 마련됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "Northern Ireland의 정치·제도·사회 구조를 이해하는 현대 영국사의 핵심 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "합의는 Northern Ireland의 자치기관과 North-South, East-West 협력구조의 기반을 마련했다.", "event_background_ko": "오랜 갈등을 끝내기 위한 다자협상과 영국·Ireland 정부 협력이 합의의 배경이 됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "합의 이후 권력분담 제도와 평화과정이 Northern Ireland의 정치운영에서 핵심 기준이 됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기의 국가 GDP·인구 흐름과 직접적인 단일 인과관계를 설정하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "Belfast Agreement signed", "event_text_en": "A central agreement in the Northern Ireland peace process was signed, creating a new framework for power sharing and relations among Northern Ireland, the UK and Ireland.", "event_summary_en": "A central agreement in the Northern Ireland peace process was signed, creating a new framework for power sharing and relations among Northern Ireland, the UK and Ireland.", "event_significance_en": "It is a core milestone in modern UK history for understanding the political, institutional and social development of Northern Ireland.", "event_regional_context_en": "The agreement established the basis for devolved institutions in Northern Ireland and for North-South and East-West cooperation.", "event_background_en": "Multi-party negotiations and cooperation between the UK and Irish governments formed the background to the agreement.", "event_outcome_en": "Power-sharing institutions and the peace process became central reference points in Northern Ireland governance.", "event_data_context_en": "The event is not treated as a single direct cause of same-period national GDP or population changes.", "event_title_es": "Firma del Belfast Agreement", "event_text_es": "Se firmó un acuerdo central del proceso de paz de Northern Ireland y se creó un nuevo marco para reparto de poder y relaciones entre Northern Ireland, Reino Unido e Ireland.", "event_summary_es": "Se firmó un acuerdo central del proceso de paz de Northern Ireland y se creó un nuevo marco para reparto de poder y relaciones entre Northern Ireland, Reino Unido e Ireland.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito central de la historia británica moderna para comprender la evolución política, institucional y social de Northern Ireland.", "event_regional_context_es": "El acuerdo estableció la base de instituciones descentralizadas en Northern Ireland y de cooperación North-South y East-West.", "event_background_es": "Las negociaciones multipartitas y la cooperación entre los gobiernos británico e irlandés formaron el contexto del acuerdo.", "event_outcome_es": "Las instituciones de poder compartido y el proceso de paz se convirtieron en referencias centrales de la gobernanza de Northern Ireland.", "event_data_context_es": "El acontecimiento no se considera causa directa única de cambios contemporáneos del PIB o población nacional.", "event_related_places": [ "Northern Ireland", "Belfast" ], "event_title": "Belfast Agreement 체결", "event_text": "Northern Ireland 평화과정의 핵심 합의가 체결되며 권력분담과 영국·Ireland 관계를 다루는 새로운 제도 틀이 마련됐다." }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "administration", "source_name": "UK Legislation", "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/46/contents", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "Scotland Act로 자치 제도 기반 마련", "event_text_ko": "Scotland의 자치 의회와 행정부 제도를 위한 법적 기반이 마련되며 United Kingdom의 지역 행정구조가 크게 달라졌다.", "event_summary_ko": "Scotland의 자치 의회와 행정부 제도를 위한 법적 기반이 마련되며 United Kingdom의 지역 행정구조가 크게 달라졌다.", "event_significance_ko": "현대 영국의 devolved government 체계를 이해하는 핵심 행정·헌정 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "Scotland의 정책결정과 Westminster의 권한 관계가 새로운 제도 틀 안에서 재구성됐다.", "event_background_ko": "오랜 devolution 논의와 국민투표를 거쳐 새로운 법적 체계가 마련됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 Scottish Parliament와 devolved government가 영국 정치·행정의 상설 구조로 자리잡았다.", "event_data_context_ko": "국가 경제지표의 변화를 이 제도 변화 하나로 설명하지 않고 지역 행정구조의 배경으로 사용한다.", "event_title_en": "Scotland Act establishes devolution framework", "event_text_en": "Legislation created the legal framework for devolved parliamentary and executive institutions in Scotland, changing the territorial structure of UK government.", "event_summary_en": "Legislation created the legal framework for devolved parliamentary and executive institutions in Scotland, changing the territorial structure of UK government.", "event_significance_en": "It is a core constitutional and administrative milestone for understanding devolved government in the modern UK.", "event_regional_context_en": "The relationship between Scottish policy-making and Westminster authority was reorganized within a new institutional framework.", "event_background_en": "Long-running devolution debate and a referendum preceded the new legal framework.", "event_outcome_en": "The Scottish Parliament and devolved government later became permanent features of UK political and administrative life.", "event_data_context_en": "It is used as context for territorial governance rather than as a direct explanation of national economic metrics.", "event_title_es": "Scotland Act establece el marco de descentralización", "event_text_es": "La legislación creó el marco jurídico para instituciones parlamentarias y ejecutivas descentralizadas en Escocia y modificó la estructura territorial del gobierno británico.", "event_summary_es": "La legislación creó el marco jurídico para instituciones parlamentarias y ejecutivas descentralizadas en Escocia y modificó la estructura territorial del gobierno británico.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito constitucional y administrativo clave para comprender el gobierno descentralizado en el Reino Unido moderno.", "event_regional_context_es": "La relación entre las decisiones políticas escocesas y la autoridad de Westminster se reorganizó dentro de un nuevo marco institucional.", "event_background_es": "Un largo debate sobre descentralización y un referéndum precedieron al nuevo marco jurídico.", "event_outcome_es": "El Parlamento escocés y el gobierno descentralizado se convirtieron después en elementos permanentes de la vida política y administrativa británica.", "event_data_context_es": "Se utiliza como contexto de gobernanza territorial y no como explicación directa de los indicadores económicos nacionales.", "event_related_places": [ "Scotland", "Edinburgh" ], "event_title": "Scotland Act로 자치 제도 기반 마련", "event_text": "Scotland의 자치 의회와 행정부 제도를 위한 법적 기반이 마련되며 United Kingdom의 지역 행정구조가 크게 달라졌다." } ] }, { "period": "2001", "year": "2001", "month": "", "label": "2001", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 21.7733033648489, "previous_value": 22.6809648077092, "delta": -0.9076614428602987, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2369642769659.08, "previous_value": 2314307169243.88, "delta": 55335600415.200195, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": 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"metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2750923500693.34, "previous_value": 2752283449984.53, "delta": -1359949291.1899414, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 5.748, "previous_value": 5.399, "delta": 0.3490000000000002, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 61806995, "previous_value": 61322463, "delta": 484532, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "year": "2009", "month": "", "label": "2009", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.7333630455206, "previous_value": 20.0744967754056, "delta": -1.341133729884998, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2624727410659.64, "previous_value": 2750923500693.34, "delta": -126196090033.6997, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 7.683, "previous_value": 5.748, "delta": 1.9349999999999996, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 62276270, "previous_value": 61806995, "delta": 469275, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "year": "2010", "month": "", "label": "2010", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.5566755103695, "previous_value": 18.7333630455206, "delta": -0.1766875351510997, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2684060544650.54, "previous_value": 2624727410659.64, "delta": 59333133990.8999, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 7.973, "previous_value": 7.683, "delta": 0.29000000000000004, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 62766365, "previous_value": 62276270, "delta": 490095, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "year": "2011", "month": "", "label": "2011", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.3010218899425, "previous_value": 18.5566755103695, "delta": -0.255653620427001, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2706913649065.85, "previous_value": 2684060544650.54, "delta": 22853104415.31006, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 8.195, "previous_value": 7.973, "delta": 0.22200000000000042, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 63258810, "previous_value": 62766365, "delta": 492445, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "year": "2012", "month": "", "label": "2012", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.2827169299324, "previous_value": 18.3010218899425, "delta": -0.018304960010102178, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2748282336997.97, "previous_value": 2706913649065.85, "delta": 41368687932.12012, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 8.279, "previous_value": 8.195, "delta": 0.08399999999999963, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 63711000, "previous_value": 63258810, "delta": 452190, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "sports", "source_name": "Olympic World Library", "source_url": "https://library.olympics.com/Default/digitalCollection/DigitalCollectionAttachmentDownloadHandler.ashx?documentId=161086&parentDocumentId=55988&skipWatermark=true", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "London Olympic and Paralympic Games 개최", "event_text_ko": "London과 여러 영국 지역에서 대규모 국제 스포츠 행사가 열리며 경기장·교통·도시재생 인프라가 국가적 규모로 운영됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "London과 여러 영국 지역에서 대규모 국제 스포츠 행사가 열리며 경기장·교통·도시재생 인프라가 국가적 규모로 운영됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "London의 도시재생·교통·문화·스포츠 인프라를 이해하는 대표적 현대 사건이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "East London과 전국 개최지의 공간 변화, 관광과 대중교통 운영에 장기적인 유산을 남겼다.", "event_background_ko": "London은 과거에도 국제 스포츠 행사를 개최한 경험을 바탕으로 새로운 경기장과 도시개발 계획을 추진했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park와 관련 교통·도시시설은 이후에도 지역 자산으로 활용됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기의 GDP·고용 변화를 대회 하나의 직접 효과로 단정하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "London hosts the Olympic and Paralympic Games", "event_text_en": "London and other UK locations hosted major international sporting events, bringing venues, transport and urban-regeneration infrastructure together at national scale.", "event_summary_en": "London and other UK locations hosted major international sporting events, bringing venues, transport and urban-regeneration infrastructure together at national scale.", "event_significance_en": "It is a defining modern event for understanding London’s urban regeneration, transport, culture and sports infrastructure.", "event_regional_context_en": "It left a long-term legacy for East London and other host locations in urban space, tourism and public transport.", "event_background_en": "London built on earlier hosting experience with new venue and urban-development plans.", "event_outcome_en": "Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and related transport and urban facilities remained regional assets afterward.", "event_data_context_en": "Same-period GDP or labor changes are not attributed to the Games alone.", "event_title_es": "Londres acoge los Juegos Olímpicos y Paralímpicos", "event_text_es": "Londres y otras zonas del Reino Unido acogieron grandes eventos deportivos internacionales que integraron sedes, transporte e infraestructura de regeneración urbana a escala nacional.", "event_summary_es": "Londres y otras zonas del Reino Unido acogieron grandes eventos deportivos internacionales que integraron sedes, transporte e infraestructura de regeneración urbana a escala nacional.", "event_significance_es": "Es un acontecimiento moderno clave para comprender regeneración urbana, transporte, cultura e infraestructura deportiva de Londres.", "event_regional_context_es": "Dejó un legado de largo plazo en East London y otras sedes en espacio urbano, turismo y transporte público.", "event_background_es": "Londres se apoyó en experiencias anteriores de organización para desarrollar nuevas sedes y planes urbanos.", "event_outcome_es": "Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park y las instalaciones relacionadas siguieron siendo activos regionales.", "event_data_context_es": "Los cambios contemporáneos del PIB o empleo no se atribuyen únicamente a los Juegos.", "event_related_places": [ "London", "Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park" ], "event_title": "London Olympic and Paralympic Games 개최", "event_text": "London과 여러 영국 지역에서 대규모 국제 스포츠 행사가 열리며 경기장·교통·도시재생 인프라가 국가적 규모로 운영됐다." } ] }, { "period": "2013", "year": "2013", "month": "", "label": "2013", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.592711752238, "previous_value": 18.2827169299324, "delta": 0.30999482230560105, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2795510733841.06, "previous_value": 2748282336997.97, "delta": 47228396843.08984, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 7.752, "previous_value": 8.279, "delta": -0.5270000000000001, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 64138000, "previous_value": 63711000, "delta": 427000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "year": "2014", "month": "", "label": "2014", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.3478341562377, "previous_value": 18.592711752238, "delta": -0.24487759600030046, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2883853723651.98, "previous_value": 2795510733841.06, "delta": 88342989810.91992, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 6.398, "previous_value": 7.752, "delta": -1.354, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 64619000, "previous_value": 64138000, "delta": 481000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": 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"statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 5.552, "previous_value": 6.398, "delta": -0.8460000000000001, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 65087000, "previous_value": 64619000, "delta": 468000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "year": "2016", "month": "", "label": "2016", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.6677948178206, "previous_value": 18.1397353548933, "delta": -0.471940537072701, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3010574705731.3, "previous_value": 2945579890258.46, "delta": 64994815472.83984, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.909, "previous_value": 5.552, "delta": -0.6429999999999998, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 65606000, "previous_value": 65087000, "delta": 519000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "policy", "source_name": "Electoral Commission", "source_url": "https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/research-reports-and-data/our-reports-and-data-past-elections-and-referendums/results-and-turnout-eu-referendum", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "EU membership referendum에서 탈퇴 선택", "event_text_ko": "United Kingdom의 European Union membership에 관한 전국 referendum에서 탈퇴 선택이 다수를 기록했다.", "event_summary_ko": "United Kingdom의 European Union membership에 관한 전국 referendum에서 탈퇴 선택이 다수를 기록했다.", "event_significance_ko": "이후 영국의 무역·규제·이민·대외관계 체계를 재편하는 장기 정책과정의 출발점이 됐다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "지역별 투표 패턴이 크게 달라 United Kingdom 내부의 지역적 정치·사회 차이도 부각됐다.", "event_background_ko": "EU membership과 국가 주권·경제·이민을 둘러싼 장기 정치 논쟁이 referendum으로 이어졌다.", "event_outcome_ko": "referendum 이후 정부 협상과 법률 개정이 이어져 실제 탈퇴 절차로 연결됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "경제·고용 시계열과 시점이 겹치지만 각 지표 변화의 크기를 referendum 하나의 효과로 해석하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "EU membership referendum votes to leave", "event_text_en": "A nationwide referendum on the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union produced a majority for leaving.", "event_summary_en": "A nationwide referendum on the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union produced a majority for leaving.", "event_significance_en": "It became the starting point for a long policy process that reshaped UK trade, regulation, migration and external relations.", "event_regional_context_en": "Large regional differences in voting patterns also highlighted internal political and social differences across the UK.", "event_background_en": "Long-running debate over EU membership, sovereignty, the economy and migration led to the referendum.", "event_outcome_en": "Government negotiations and legislative changes followed, leading to the formal withdrawal process.", "event_data_context_en": "The timing overlaps with economic and labor trends, but the size of metric changes is not attributed to the referendum alone.", "event_title_es": "El referéndum sobre pertenencia a la UE opta por salir", "event_text_es": "Un referéndum nacional sobre la pertenencia del Reino Unido a la Unión Europea produjo una mayoría a favor de salir.", "event_summary_es": "Un referéndum nacional sobre la pertenencia del Reino Unido a la Unión Europea produjo una mayoría a favor de salir.", "event_significance_es": "Se convirtió en el punto de partida de un largo proceso que transformó comercio, regulación, migración y relaciones exteriores.", "event_regional_context_es": "Las grandes diferencias regionales de voto también pusieron de relieve contrastes políticos y sociales dentro del Reino Unido.", "event_background_es": "Un debate prolongado sobre pertenencia a la UE, soberanía, economía y migración condujo al referéndum.", "event_outcome_es": "Tras el referéndum siguieron negociaciones gubernamentales y cambios legislativos que condujeron al proceso formal de salida.", "event_data_context_es": "La coincidencia temporal con tendencias económicas y laborales no significa que la magnitud de los cambios se atribuya únicamente al referéndum.", "event_related_places": [ "United Kingdom" ], "event_title": "EU membership referendum에서 탈퇴 선택", "event_text": "United Kingdom의 European Union membership에 관한 전국 referendum에서 탈퇴 선택이 다수를 기록했다." } ] }, { "period": "2017", "year": "2017", "month": "", "label": "2017", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.8215277161884, "previous_value": 17.6677948178206, "delta": 0.15373289836779946, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3101591068534.48, "previous_value": 3010574705731.3, "delta": 91016362803.18018, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.501, "previous_value": 4.909, "delta": -0.4079999999999995, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 65964000, "previous_value": 65606000, "delta": 358000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "year": "2018", "month": "", "label": "2018", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 18.0023660420923, "previous_value": 17.8215277161884, "delta": 0.18083832590390259, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3149707010747.53, "previous_value": 3101591068534.48, "delta": 48115942213.049805, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.145, "previous_value": 4.501, "delta": -0.35600000000000076, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 66287000, "previous_value": 65964000, "delta": 323000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "year": "2019", "month": "", "label": "2019", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.8736338534045, "previous_value": 18.0023660420923, "delta": -0.12873218868780256, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3189276748351.15, "previous_value": 3149707010747.53, "delta": 39569737603.62012, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 3.657, "previous_value": 4.145, "delta": -0.48799999999999955, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 66628000, "previous_value": 66287000, "delta": 341000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "year": "2020", "month": "", "label": "2020", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.4957170827215, "previous_value": 17.8736338534045, "delta": -0.37791677068299734, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 2868821517197.41, "previous_value": 3189276748351.15, "delta": -320455231153.73975, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.472, "previous_value": 3.657, "delta": 0.8150000000000004, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 66740000, "previous_value": 66628000, "delta": 112000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "health", "source_name": "UK Health Security Agency / GOV.UK", "source_url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/epidemiology-of-covid-19-in-england/epidemiology-of-covid-19-in-england-january-2020-to-december-2024", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "coronavirus pandemic 첫 national lockdown", "event_text_ko": "감염 확산과 의료체계 부담에 대응해 광범위한 이동·영업·사회활동 제한이 시행됐다.", "event_summary_ko": "감염 확산과 의료체계 부담에 대응해 광범위한 이동·영업·사회활동 제한이 시행됐다.", "event_significance_ko": "보건·고용·생산·교육·교통에 동시에 큰 영향을 준 현대 영국의 대표 공중보건 사건이다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "각 nation의 보건정책과 제한 조치에는 차이가 있었고 시간에 따라 운영방식도 달라졌다.", "event_background_ko": "새로운 감염병의 국내 확산과 병원 부담 증가가 대규모 공중보건 대응을 촉발했다.", "event_outcome_ko": "이후 제한 조정, 백신 프로그램과 경제지원 정책이 단계적으로 이어졌다.", "event_data_context_ko": "GDP 감소와 실업률 상승이 같은 시기에 나타나지만 개별 조치의 효과를 연간 수치만으로 분리하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "First national lockdown during the coronavirus pandemic", "event_text_en": "Broad restrictions on movement, business activity and social contact were introduced in response to the spread of coronavirus and pressure on the health system.", "event_summary_en": "Broad restrictions on movement, business activity and social contact were introduced in response to the spread of coronavirus and pressure on the health system.", "event_significance_en": "It is a defining modern UK public-health event that affected health care, employment, output, education and transport at the same time.", "event_regional_context_en": "Public-health measures differed among the UK nations and changed over time.", "event_background_en": "Domestic spread of a new infectious disease and rising hospital pressure triggered a large-scale public-health response.", "event_outcome_en": "Changes to restrictions, vaccination programmes and economic-support policies followed in stages.", "event_data_context_en": "GDP falls and unemployment rises in the same broad period, but annual metrics do not isolate the effect of any single restriction.", "event_title_es": "Primer confinamiento nacional durante la pandemia de coronavirus", "event_text_es": "Se introdujeron amplias restricciones sobre movilidad, actividad empresarial y contacto social ante la expansión del coronavirus y la presión sobre el sistema sanitario.", "event_summary_es": "Se introdujeron amplias restricciones sobre movilidad, actividad empresarial y contacto social ante la expansión del coronavirus y la presión sobre el sistema sanitario.", "event_significance_es": "Es un acontecimiento sanitario decisivo del Reino Unido moderno que afectó simultáneamente sanidad, empleo, producción, educación y transporte.", "event_regional_context_es": "Las medidas sanitarias variaron entre las naciones del Reino Unido y cambiaron con el tiempo.", "event_background_es": "La propagación interna de una nueva enfermedad y la creciente presión hospitalaria provocaron una respuesta sanitaria de gran escala.", "event_outcome_es": "Después siguieron de forma gradual ajustes de restricciones, programas de vacunación y políticas de apoyo económico.", "event_data_context_es": "El PIB cae y el desempleo sube en el mismo periodo amplio, pero los indicadores anuales no aíslan el efecto de una sola restricción.", "event_related_places": [ "United Kingdom" ], "event_title": "coronavirus pandemic 첫 national lockdown", "event_text": "감염 확산과 의료체계 부담에 대응해 광범위한 이동·영업·사회활동 제한이 시행됐다." }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "policy", "source_name": "GOV.UK", "source_url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/summary-the-uks-new-relationship-with-the-eu", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "United Kingdom의 European Union 탈퇴", "event_text_ko": "United Kingdom이 European Union 회원국 지위를 종료하며 이후 transition period를 거쳐 새로운 대외관계 체계로 이동했다.", "event_summary_ko": "United Kingdom이 European Union 회원국 지위를 종료하며 이후 transition period를 거쳐 새로운 대외관계 체계로 이동했다.", "event_significance_ko": "무역·규제·통관·이동과 domestic law의 장기 운영환경을 바꾼 핵심 정책 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "England, Scotland, Wales와 Northern Ireland에서 새로운 규제·통상 조건이 서로 다른 방식으로 작동하게 됐다.", "event_background_ko": "referendum 결과 이후 withdrawal negotiations와 관련 입법이 진행됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "회원국 지위 종료와 transition period 종료 이후 EU law와 UK domestic arrangements의 관계가 크게 달라졌다.", "event_data_context_ko": "같은 시기의 GDP와 실업률에는 pandemic shock도 겹치므로 EU 탈퇴만으로 변화를 설명하지 않는다.", "event_title_en": "United Kingdom leaves the European Union", "event_text_en": "The United Kingdom ended its membership of the European Union and moved through a transition period toward a new external relationship.", "event_summary_en": "The United Kingdom ended its membership of the European Union and moved through a transition period toward a new external relationship.", "event_significance_en": "It is a major policy milestone that changed the long-run operating environment for trade, regulation, customs, mobility and domestic law.", "event_regional_context_en": "New regulatory and trading arrangements had different implications across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.", "event_background_en": "Withdrawal negotiations and related legislation followed the referendum result.", "event_outcome_en": "The end of membership and the later end of the transition period substantially changed the relationship between EU law and UK domestic arrangements.", "event_data_context_en": "GDP and unemployment in the same period were also affected by the pandemic shock, so changes are not attributed to EU withdrawal alone.", "event_title_es": "El Reino Unido sale de la Unión Europea", "event_text_es": "El Reino Unido puso fin a su pertenencia a la Unión Europea y pasó por un periodo de transición hacia una nueva relación exterior.", "event_summary_es": "El Reino Unido puso fin a su pertenencia a la Unión Europea y pasó por un periodo de transición hacia una nueva relación exterior.", "event_significance_es": "Es un gran hito de política que cambió el entorno de largo plazo para comercio, regulación, aduanas, movilidad y derecho interno.", "event_regional_context_es": "Los nuevos arreglos regulatorios y comerciales tuvieron implicaciones distintas en Inglaterra, Escocia, Gales y Northern Ireland.", "event_background_es": "Tras el resultado del referéndum se desarrollaron negociaciones de salida y legislación relacionada.", "event_outcome_es": "El fin de la pertenencia y del periodo de transición modificó de forma importante la relación entre el derecho de la UE y los arreglos internos británicos.", "event_data_context_es": "El PIB y el desempleo del mismo periodo también estuvieron afectados por el choque pandémico, por lo que los cambios no se atribuyen solo a la salida de la UE.", "event_related_places": [ "United Kingdom" ], "event_title": "United Kingdom의 European Union 탈퇴", "event_text": "United Kingdom이 European Union 회원국 지위를 종료하며 이후 transition period를 거쳐 새로운 대외관계 체계로 이동했다." } ] }, { "period": "2021", "year": "2021", "month": "", "label": "2021", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 16.9553165949957, "previous_value": 17.4957170827215, "delta": -0.5404004877258011, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3113908148054.35, "previous_value": 2868821517197.41, "delta": 245086630856.93994, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.864, "previous_value": 4.472, "delta": 0.39199999999999946, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 66978000, "previous_value": 66740000, "delta": 238000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "year": "2022", "month": "", "label": "2022", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 16.8198596717719, "previous_value": 16.9553165949957, "delta": -0.1354569232237992, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3274265196937.19, "previous_value": 3113908148054.35, "delta": 160357048882.83984, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 3.768, "previous_value": 4.864, "delta": -1.096, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 67636000, "previous_value": 66978000, "delta": 658000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "year": "2023", "month": "", "label": "2023", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.6714033030008, "previous_value": 16.8198596717719, "delta": 0.8515436312288998, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3283159739927.95, "previous_value": 3274265196937.19, "delta": 8894542990.760254, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.025, "previous_value": 3.768, "delta": 0.25700000000000056, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 68526000, "previous_value": 67636000, "delta": 890000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "context_event", "topic": "culture", "source_name": "The Royal Family", "source_url": "https://www.royal.uk/coronation-guide", "event_type": "", "policy_domain": "", "issuer": "", "announcement_date": "", "effective_date": "", "official_document_title": "", "policy_status": "", "event_title_ko": "King Charles III Coronation", "event_text_ko": "Westminster Abbey에서 새 국왕의 coronation ceremony가 열리며 왕실·국가 의례의 현대적 계승이 이루어졌다.", "event_summary_ko": "Westminster Abbey에서 새 국왕의 coronation ceremony가 열리며 왕실·국가 의례의 현대적 계승이 이루어졌다.", "event_significance_ko": "영국의 국가의례·왕실·Westminster의 상징적 역할을 보여주는 최근 문화·제도 이정표다.", "event_regional_context_ko": "London의 Westminster Abbey와 Buckingham Palace가 국가의례의 중심 무대로 기능했다.", "event_background_ko": "왕위 계승 이후 coronation planning이 진행되며 국가·왕실 의례가 준비됐다.", "event_outcome_ko": "행사는 Westminster Abbey 예식과 London의 ceremonial procession으로 진행됐다.", "event_data_context_ko": "경제·인구 지표와 별개의 국가문화·제도 사건으로 구분해 해석한다.", "event_title_en": "Coronation of King Charles III", "event_text_en": "A coronation ceremony for the new monarch took place at Westminster Abbey, continuing a long tradition of national and royal ceremony.", "event_summary_en": "A coronation ceremony for the new monarch took place at Westminster Abbey, continuing a long tradition of national and royal ceremony.", "event_significance_en": "It is a recent cultural and institutional milestone illustrating the symbolic role of the monarchy and Westminster in UK public life.", "event_regional_context_en": "Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace in London served as central locations for the national ceremony.", "event_background_en": "Coronation planning followed the royal succession and brought together state and royal ceremonial arrangements.", "event_outcome_en": "The event centred on the Westminster Abbey service and ceremonial processions through London.", "event_data_context_en": "It is treated as a national cultural and institutional event separate from economic and population trends.", "event_title_es": "Coronación del rey Charles III", "event_text_es": "Se celebró en Westminster Abbey la coronación del nuevo monarca, continuando una larga tradición de ceremonia nacional y real.", "event_summary_es": "Se celebró en Westminster Abbey la coronación del nuevo monarca, continuando una larga tradición de ceremonia nacional y real.", "event_significance_es": "Es un hito cultural e institucional reciente que muestra el papel simbólico de la monarquía y Westminster en la vida pública británica.", "event_regional_context_es": "Westminster Abbey y Buckingham Palace en Londres funcionaron como espacios centrales de la ceremonia nacional.", "event_background_es": "La planificación de la coronación siguió a la sucesión real y reunió arreglos ceremoniales estatales y reales.", "event_outcome_es": "El acontecimiento se centró en el servicio de Westminster Abbey y procesiones ceremoniales por Londres.", "event_data_context_es": "Se interpreta como un acontecimiento cultural e institucional separado de las tendencias económicas y demográficas.", "event_related_places": [ "Westminster Abbey", "Buckingham Palace", "London" ], "event_title": "King Charles III Coronation", "event_text": "Westminster Abbey에서 새 국왕의 coronation ceremony가 열리며 왕실·국가 의례의 현대적 계승이 이루어졌다." } ] }, { "period": "2024", "year": "2024", "month": "", "label": "2024", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 17.0865837277153, "previous_value": 17.6714033030008, "delta": -0.5848195752855005, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3318626965006.66, "previous_value": 3283159739927.95, "delta": 35467225078.70996, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.361, "previous_value": 4.025, "delta": 0.3359999999999994, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 69281000, "previous_value": 68526000, "delta": 755000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] }, { "period": "2025", "year": "2025", "month": "", "label": "2025", "branches": [ { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "industry", "metric_key": "WBH:NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "산업", "value": 16.4889776210162, "previous_value": 17.0865837277153, "delta": -0.5976061066991001, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "economy", "metric_key": "WBH:NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric_label": "경제", "value": 3364704178220.16, "previous_value": 3318626965006.66, "delta": 46077213213.5, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "employment", "metric_key": "WBH:SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric_label": "실업률", "value": 4.746, "previous_value": 4.361, "delta": 0.3850000000000007, "unit": "percent", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" }, { "kind": "statistic_change", "topic": "population", "metric_key": "WBH:SP.POP.TOTL", "metric_label": "인구", "value": 69487000, "previous_value": 69281000, "delta": 206000, "unit": "persons", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "provider": "WORLD_BANK" } ] } ], "places": [ { "category": "government", "name": "Palace of Westminster", "source_name": "UK Parliament", "source_url": "https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/", "summary_ko": "London의 Palace of Westminster는 영국 의회의 상징적 중심지로, Westminster가 오랫동안 국가 정치와 행정의 핵심 공간으로 기능해 왔음을 보여준다.", "summary_en": "The Palace of Westminster in London is the symbolic home of the UK Parliament and reflects Westminster’s long role at the centre of national political and administrative life.", "summary_es": "El Palace of Westminster en Londres es la sede simbólica del Parlamento del Reino Unido y refleja el largo papel de Westminster en la vida política y administrativa nacional.", "summary": "London의 Palace of Westminster는 영국 의회의 상징적 중심지로, Westminster가 오랫동안 국가 정치와 행정의 핵심 공간으로 기능해 왔음을 보여준다." }, { "category": "culture", "name": "British Museum", "source_name": "British Museum", "source_url": "https://www.britishmuseum.org/about-us", "summary_ko": "London의 British Museum은 세계 여러 지역의 역사와 문화를 다루는 국가적 박물관으로, 영국의 문화·교육·관광 기능을 이해하는 대표 거점이다.", "summary_en": "The British Museum in London is a national cultural institution bringing together collections from many parts of the world and is a major centre for culture, learning and tourism.", "summary_es": "El British Museum de Londres es una institución cultural nacional que reúne colecciones de muchas partes del mundo y constituye un gran centro de cultura, aprendizaje y turismo.", "summary": "London의 British Museum은 세계 여러 지역의 역사와 문화를 다루는 국가적 박물관으로, 영국의 문화·교육·관광 기능을 이해하는 대표 거점이다." }, { "category": "education", "name": "University of Oxford", "source_name": "University of Oxford", "source_url": "https://www.ox.ac.uk/about", "summary_ko": "University of Oxford는 오랜 역사를 가진 교육·연구기관으로, 영국의 고등교육과 연구 생태계를 대표하는 주요 거점 가운데 하나다.", "summary_en": "The University of Oxford is a long-established centre of teaching and research and one of the defining institutions in the UK higher-education and research system.", "summary_es": "La University of Oxford es un centro histórico de enseñanza e investigación y una de las instituciones más representativas del sistema británico de educación superior e investigación.", "summary": "University of Oxford는 오랜 역사를 가진 교육·연구기관으로, 영국의 고등교육과 연구 생태계를 대표하는 주요 거점 가운데 하나다." }, { "category": "airport", "name": "Heathrow Airport", "source_name": "Heathrow Airport", "source_url": "https://www.heathrow.com/company/about-heathrow/our-history", "summary_ko": "Heathrow Airport는 London을 세계 항공망과 연결하는 핵심 국제 관문으로, 여객 이동·관광·비즈니스와 대외 연결성을 이해하는 중요한 교통 거점이다.", "summary_en": "Heathrow Airport is a major international gateway linking London and the UK to global air networks, making it central to passenger travel, tourism, business and external connectivity.", "summary_es": "Heathrow Airport es una gran puerta internacional que conecta Londres y el Reino Unido con las redes aéreas mundiales y es clave para viajes, turismo, negocios y conectividad exterior.", "summary": "Heathrow Airport는 London을 세계 항공망과 연결하는 핵심 국제 관문으로, 여객 이동·관광·비즈니스와 대외 연결성을 이해하는 중요한 교통 거점이다." }, { "category": "port", "name": "Port of Felixstowe", "source_name": "Port of Felixstowe", "source_url": "https://www.portoffelixstowe.co.uk/about/", "summary_ko": "Port of Felixstowe는 영국의 대외 무역과 컨테이너 물류를 연결하는 주요 항만 거점으로, 해상운송과 국내 철도·도로 네트워크가 만나는 지점이다.", "summary_en": "The Port of Felixstowe is a major UK freight gateway where maritime container traffic connects with domestic rail and road networks.", "summary_es": "El Port of Felixstowe es una gran puerta de carga del Reino Unido donde el tráfico marítimo de contenedores se conecta con redes ferroviarias y viales nacionales.", "summary": "Port of Felixstowe는 영국의 대외 무역과 컨테이너 물류를 연결하는 주요 항만 거점으로, 해상운송과 국내 철도·도로 네트워크가 만나는 지점이다." }, { "category": "nature", "name": "Eryri National Park", "source_name": "Eryri National Park Authority", "source_url": "https://eryri.gov.wales/", "summary_ko": "Wales의 Eryri National Park는 산악·호수·해안 경관과 Welsh language 문화가 함께 나타나는 보호지역으로, 영국의 자연환경과 지역 정체성을 이해하는 대표 공간이다.", "summary_en": "Eryri National Park in Wales combines mountain, lake and coastal landscapes with a strong Welsh-language cultural identity, making it an important example of nature and regional heritage.", "summary_es": "Eryri National Park en Gales combina paisajes de montaña, lagos y costa con una fuerte identidad cultural vinculada a la lengua galesa, y es un ejemplo destacado de naturaleza y patrimonio regional.", "summary": "Wales의 Eryri National Park는 산악·호수·해안 경관과 Welsh language 문화가 함께 나타나는 보호지역으로, 영국의 자연환경과 지역 정체성을 이해하는 대표 공간이다." } ], "tables": [ { "table_id": "key_metrics", "title": "Key metrics", "columns": [ "metric", "latest_period", "latest_value", "unit", "first_period", "first_value", "change", "change_pct" ], "rows": [ { "metric": "산업", "topic": "industry", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 16.4889776210162, "unit": "percent", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 22.6809648077092, "change": -6.191987186692998, "change_pct": -27.300369447195465 }, { "metric": "경제", "topic": "economy", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 3364704178220.16, "unit": "constant 2015 US$", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 2314307169243.88, "change": 1050397008976.2803, "change_pct": 45.38710431076707 }, { "metric": "실업률", "topic": "employment", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 4.746, "unit": "percent", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 5.558, "change": -0.8119999999999994, "change_pct": -14.609571788413087 }, { "metric": "인구", "topic": "population", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 69487000, "unit": "persons", "first_period": "2000", "first_value": 58892514, "change": 10594486, "change_pct": 17.989529195510315 }, { "metric": "소득", "topic": "income", "latest_period": "2021", "latest_value": 4.47737884674777e-5, "unit": "", "first_period": "2021", "first_value": 4.47737884674777e-5, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 }, { "metric": "고용·실업", "topic": "employment", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 52.236, "unit": "", "first_period": "2024", "first_value": 52.236, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 }, { "metric": "주택", "topic": "housing", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 0.36850353840039, "unit": "", "first_period": "2025", "first_value": 0.36850353840039, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 }, { "metric": "교육", "topic": "education", "latest_period": "2025", "latest_value": 5, "unit": "", "first_period": "2025", "first_value": 5, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 }, { "metric": "산업", "topic": "industry", "latest_period": "2018", "latest_value": 46431.806139, "unit": "", "first_period": "2018", "first_value": 46431.806139, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 }, { "metric": "항만", "topic": "transport", "latest_period": "2024", "latest_value": 106.6993, "unit": "", "first_period": "2024", "first_value": 106.6993, "change": 0, "change_pct": 0 } ] }, { "table_id": "history", "title": "Historical observations", "columns": [ "period", "values" ], "rows": [ { "period": "2025", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 16.4889776210162, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3364704178220.16, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.746, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 69487000, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Global Industry (including construction), value added (annual % growth) Map by Country", "value": 0.36850353840039, "unit": "" }, { "metric": "교육", "value": 5, "unit": "" } ] }, { "period": "2024", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.0865837277153, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3318626965006.66, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.361, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 69281000, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate) 2024", "value": 52.236, "unit": "" } ] }, { "period": "2023", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.6714033030008, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3283159739927.95, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.025, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 68526000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2022", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 16.8198596717719, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3274265196937.19, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 3.768, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 67636000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2021", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 16.9553165949957, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3113908148054.35, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.864, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 66978000, "unit": "persons" }, { "metric": "Global Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) Map by Country", "value": 4.47737884674777e-5, "unit": "" } ] }, { "period": "2020", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.4957170827215, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2868821517197.41, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.472, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 66740000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2019", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.8736338534045, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3189276748351.15, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 3.657, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 66628000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2018", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.0023660420923, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3149707010747.53, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.145, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 66287000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2017", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.8215277161884, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3101591068534.48, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.501, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 65964000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2016", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 17.6677948178206, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 3010574705731.3, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 4.909, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 65606000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2015", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.1397353548933, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2945579890258.46, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 5.552, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 65087000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2014", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.3478341562377, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2883853723651.98, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 6.398, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 64619000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2013", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.592711752238, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2795510733841.06, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 7.752, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 64138000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2012", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.2827169299324, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2748282336997.97, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 8.279, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 63711000, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2011", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.3010218899425, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2706913649065.85, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 8.195, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 63258810, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2010", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.5566755103695, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2684060544650.54, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 7.973, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 62766365, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2009", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 18.7333630455206, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2624727410659.64, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 7.683, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 62276270, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2008", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 20.0744967754056, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2750923500693.34, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 5.748, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 61806995, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2007", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 19.7229026460162, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2752283449984.53, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 5.399, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 61322463, "unit": "persons" } ] }, { "period": "2006", "values": [ { "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP", "value": 20.1946444035506, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)", "value": 2673913418491.85, "unit": "constant 2015 US$" }, { "metric": "실업률", "value": 5.472, "unit": "percent" }, { "metric": "인구", "value": 60846820, "unit": "persons" } ] } ] } ], "sources": [ { "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "NV.IND.TOTL.ZS", "metric": "Industry value added share of GDP" }, { "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "NY.GDP.MKTP.KD", "metric": "GDP (constant 2015 US$)" }, { "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS", "metric": "Unemployment rate" }, { "provider": "WORLD_BANK", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GBR/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?format=json&date=2000%3A2025&per_page=1000", "dataset_key": "SP.POP.TOTL", "metric": "Population" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NY.ADJ.DMIN.GN.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13855_pc_dynamic_worldbank_ny_adj_dmin_gn_zs", "metric": "Global Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) Map by Country" }, { "provider": "GMI_COMPOSITION_V286", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.FE.NE.ZS?format=json&per_page=20000&date=2017%3A2025&source=2", "dataset_key": "cmp286_9de9ab53c9581c138512916adbcf", "metric": "Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate) 2024" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NV.IND.TOTL.KD.ZG?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13845_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_ind_totl_kd_zg", "metric": "Global Industry (including construction), value added (annual % growth) Map by Country" }, { "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SE.PRE.DURS?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_se_pre_durs_2025_wdi285", "metric": "Preprimary education, duration (years)" }, { "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/NV.AGR.EMPL.KD?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_pc_dynamic_worldbank_nv_agr_empl_kd_2018_wdi285", "metric": "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)" }, { "provider": "World Bank API", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.TR.MT.CE.AR5?source=2", "dataset_key": "autopilot_source_repair_v299_en_ghg_co2_tr_mt_ce_ar5_2024_wdi285", "metric": "Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/ST.INT.RCPT.XP.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13777_pc_dynamic_worldbank_st_int_rcpt_xp_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EG.ELC.COAL.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13706_pc_dynamic_worldbank_eg_elc_coal_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/ER.PTD.TOTL.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13094_pc_dynamic_worldbank_er_ptd_totl_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13800_pc_dynamic_worldbank_gb_xpd_rsdv_gd_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SH.ALC.PCAP.LI?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13858_pc_dynamic_worldbank_sh_alc_pcap_li", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators", "dataset_key": "autopilot_uis_admi_endofprim_mat_2025_v287", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SH.XPD.GHED.GE.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13723_pc_dynamic_worldbank_sh_xpd_ghed_ge_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EG.ELC.NGAS.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13783_pc_dynamic_worldbank_eg_elc_ngas_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=FOSGP.5T8.F1000&start=2023&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=false", "dataset_key": "research_13200_handoff_percentage_of_graduates_from_tertiary_education_graduating_fro", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=ADMI.GRADE2OR3PRIM.MAT&start=2025&end=2025&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=true", "dataset_key": "research_13199_uis_admi_grade2or3prim_mat_2025_complete_zero_universe", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/TM.VAL.MRCH.RS.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13739_pc_dynamic_worldbank_tm_val_mrch_rs_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SH.XPD.GHED.GD.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13776_pc_dynamic_worldbank_sh_xpd_ghed_gd_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13829_pc_dynamic_worldbank_eg_elc_nucl_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=FOSGP.5T8.F110.GPIA&start=2020&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=false", "dataset_key": "research_13328_percentage_of_graduates_from_tertiary_education_graduating_from_educat", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=ADMI.ENDOFPRIM.MAT&start=2020&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=false", "dataset_key": "research_13319_administration_of_a_nationally-representative_learning_assessment_at_t", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SE.PRM.DURS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13678_pc_dynamic_worldbank_se_prm_durs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/BM.GSR.CMCP.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13664_pc_dynamic_worldbank_bm_gsr_cmcp_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SH.XPD.PVTD.CH.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13797_pc_dynamic_worldbank_sh_xpd_pvtd_ch_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EG.ELC.PETR.ZS?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13867_pc_dynamic_worldbank_eg_elc_petr_zs", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=FOSGP.5T8.F1000&start=2020&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=false", "dataset_key": "research_13200_percentage_of_graduates_from_tertiary_education_graduating_from_servic", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SE.PRM.ENRR?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13693_pc_dynamic_worldbank_se_prm_enrr", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/TX.VAL.TRAN.ZS.WT?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13804_pc_dynamic_worldbank_tx_val_tran_zs_wt", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "World Bank", "source_url": "https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE?format=json&per_page=1000&mrnev=1", "dataset_key": "research_13840_pc_dynamic_worldbank_eg_use_pcap_kg_oe", "metric": "United Kingdom", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" }, { "provider": "UNESCO Institute for Statistics", "source_url": "https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/data/indicators?indicator=FOSGP.5T8.F1000.GPIA&start=2020&geoUnitType=NATIONAL&footnotes=false&indicatorMetadata=false", "dataset_key": "research_13327_percentage_of_graduates_from_tertiary_education_graduating_from_servic", "metric": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "source_type": "HELPER_COLLECTED_REGIONAL_EVENT" } ], "narrative": "United Kingdom은 인구와 실질 GDP가 장기적으로 확대되는 동안 산업 비중과 실업률은 다른 방향과 사이클을 보였다. 국가 수준의 변화는 England, Scotland, Wales와 Northern Ireland의 서로 다른 지역 구조가 합쳐진 결과다. 인구는 가장 일관된 장기 증가 흐름이다 국가 전체 인구는 연결된 장기 시계열에서 계속 증가한다. 다만 증가 속도는 일정하지 않고 각 nation과 도시권의 이동·출생·사망 구조는 크게 다를 수 있다. 국가 합계는 London과 South East, Midlands, 북부 England, Scotland, Wales와 Northern Ireland의 차이를 평균하기 때문에 지역별 해석에는 별도 통계가 필요하다. 실질 GDP는 두 차례 큰 충격을 거쳤다 실질 GDP는 대부분의 기간에 증가하지만 금융위기와 pandemic 충격기에 뚜렷한 감소가 나타난다. 이후 생산은 다시 회복되지만 노동시장과 같은 속도로 움직이지 않아 GDP와 실업률을 별도로 읽는 것이 중요하다. 실업률은 경기 충격과 회복을 더 직접적으로 보여준다 실업률은 금융위기 이후 높은 구간까지 올라갔다가 오랜 기간 낮아졌고 pandemic 때 다시 상승했다. 이후 회복 뒤 최근에는 완만한 반등이 나타난다. 국가 평균은 지역별 노동시장 차이를 크게 압축하기 때문에 개별 지역의 고용여건을 그대로 의미하지 않는다. 산업의 상대적 비중은 장기적으로 낮아졌다 산업 부가가치가 GDP에서 차지하는 비중은 장기적으로 낮아지는 방향이 뚜렷하다. 중간의 작은 반등이 있어도 후반의 상대적 비중은 초반보다 약하다. 이는 산업 생산 자체의 소멸을 뜻하지 않고 서비스와 다른 부문의 성장으로 경제구조가 달라졌음을 보여주는 상대 지표다. 제도와 공간의 변화가 통계 배경을 넓힌다 Acts of Union, NHS, Belfast Agreement, devolution, EU membership 변화와 London의 국제 스포츠행사는 United Kingdom의 행정·공공서비스·대외관계와 도시구조를 이해하는 장기 배경이다. Palace of Westminster, Heathrow Airport, Port of Felixstowe, University of Oxford, British Museum과 Eryri National Park는 국가 기능이 정치·교통·무역·교육·문화·자연환경으로 다양하게 구성돼 있음을 보여준다. 출처 WORLD_BANK · Industry value added share of GDPWORLD_BANK · GDP (constant 2015 US$)WORLD_BANK · Unemployment rateWORLD_BANK · PopulationWorld Bank · Global Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) Map by CountryGMI_COMPOSITION_V286 · Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate) 2024World Bank · Global Industry (including construction), value added (annual % growth) Map by CountryWorld Bank API · Preprimary education, duration (years)World Bank API · Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)World Bank API · Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)World Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomWorld Bank · United KingdomUNESCO Institute for Statistics · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland FAQ United Kingdom 인구는 장기 시계열에서 감소했나요? 연결된 국가 전체 시계열에서는 계속 증가한다. 다만 nation과 지역별 증가 속도는 서로 다를 수 있다. GDP가 성장하면 실업률도 항상 바로 낮아지나요? 그렇지 않다. 생산과 노동시장은 같은 충격에 반응해도 회복 시점과 속도가 달라질 수 있다. 단일 시점 지표도 장기 추세로 볼 수 있나요? 아니다. 단일 관측 지표는 해당 시기의 구조를 보여주는 스냅샷으로만 사용한다. United Kingdom의 장기 변화는 인구와 실질 GDP 확대, 산업 비중의 장기 하락, 반복되는 노동시장 사이클이 함께 만든 결과다. 지역별 행정구조와 주요 국가 사건을 함께 보면 하나의 국가 평균 뒤에 있는 공간적·제도적 차이를 더 잘 이해할 수 있다." }